alacritty/font/src/ft/mod.rs

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// Copyright 2016 Joe Wilm, The Alacritty Project Contributors
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//
//! Rasterization powered by FreeType and FontConfig
use std::cmp::{min, Ordering};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
use std::path::PathBuf;
use freetype::freetype_sys;
use freetype::tt_os2::TrueTypeOS2Table;
use freetype::{self, Library};
use libc::c_uint;
pub mod fc;
use super::{
BitmapBuffer, FontDesc, FontKey, GlyphKey, Metrics, Rasterize, RasterizedGlyph, Size, Slant,
Style, Weight,
};
struct FixedSize {
pixelsize: f64,
}
struct Face {
ft_face: freetype::Face,
key: FontKey,
load_flags: freetype::face::LoadFlag,
render_mode: freetype::RenderMode,
lcd_filter: c_uint,
non_scalable: Option<FixedSize>,
has_color: bool,
pixelsize_fixup_factor: Option<f64>,
}
impl fmt::Debug for Face {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
f.debug_struct("Face")
.field("ft_face", &self.ft_face)
.field("key", &self.key)
.field("load_flags", &self.load_flags)
.field("render_mode", &match self.render_mode {
freetype::RenderMode::Normal => "Normal",
freetype::RenderMode::Light => "Light",
freetype::RenderMode::Mono => "Mono",
freetype::RenderMode::Lcd => "Lcd",
freetype::RenderMode::LcdV => "LcdV",
freetype::RenderMode::Max => "Max",
})
.field("lcd_filter", &self.lcd_filter)
.finish()
}
}
/// Rasterizes glyphs for a single font face.
pub struct FreeTypeRasterizer {
faces: HashMap<FontKey, Face>,
library: Library,
keys: HashMap<PathBuf, FontKey>,
device_pixel_ratio: f32,
pixel_size: f64,
}
#[inline]
fn to_freetype_26_6(f: f32) -> isize {
((1i32 << 6) as f32 * f) as isize
}
impl Rasterize for FreeTypeRasterizer {
type Err = Error;
fn new(device_pixel_ratio: f32, _: bool) -> Result<FreeTypeRasterizer, Error> {
let library = Library::init()?;
Ok(FreeTypeRasterizer {
faces: HashMap::new(),
keys: HashMap::new(),
library,
device_pixel_ratio,
pixel_size: 0.0,
})
}
fn metrics(&self, key: FontKey, _size: Size) -> Result<Metrics, Error> {
let face = self.faces.get(&key).ok_or(Error::FontNotLoaded)?;
let full = self.full_metrics(key)?;
let height = (full.size_metrics.height / 64) as f64;
let descent = (full.size_metrics.descender / 64) as f32;
// Get underline position and thickness in device pixels
let x_scale = full.size_metrics.x_scale as f32 / 65536.0;
let mut underline_position = f32::from(face.ft_face.underline_position()) * x_scale / 64.;
let mut underline_thickness = f32::from(face.ft_face.underline_thickness()) * x_scale / 64.;
// Fallback for bitmap fonts which do not provide underline metrics
if underline_position == 0. {
underline_thickness = (descent / 5.).round();
underline_position = descent / 2.;
}
// Get strikeout position and thickness in device pixels
let (strikeout_position, strikeout_thickness) =
match TrueTypeOS2Table::from_face(&mut face.ft_face.clone()) {
Some(os2) => {
let strikeout_position = f32::from(os2.y_strikeout_position()) * x_scale / 64.;
let strikeout_thickness = f32::from(os2.y_strikeout_size()) * x_scale / 64.;
(strikeout_position, strikeout_thickness)
},
_ => {
// Fallback if font doesn't provide info about strikeout
trace!("Using fallback strikeout metrics");
let strikeout_position = height as f32 / 2. + descent;
(strikeout_position, underline_thickness)
},
};
Ok(Metrics {
average_advance: full.cell_width,
line_height: height,
descent,
underline_position,
underline_thickness,
strikeout_position,
strikeout_thickness,
})
}
fn load_font(&mut self, desc: &FontDesc, size: Size) -> Result<FontKey, Error> {
self.get_face(desc, size)
}
fn get_glyph(&mut self, glyph_key: GlyphKey) -> Result<RasterizedGlyph, Error> {
self.get_rendered_glyph(glyph_key)
}
fn update_dpr(&mut self, device_pixel_ratio: f32) {
self.device_pixel_ratio = device_pixel_ratio;
}
}
pub trait IntoFontconfigType {
type FcType;
fn into_fontconfig_type(&self) -> Self::FcType;
}
impl IntoFontconfigType for Slant {
type FcType = fc::Slant;
fn into_fontconfig_type(&self) -> Self::FcType {
match *self {
Slant::Normal => fc::Slant::Roman,
Slant::Italic => fc::Slant::Italic,
Slant::Oblique => fc::Slant::Oblique,
}
}
}
impl IntoFontconfigType for Weight {
type FcType = fc::Weight;
fn into_fontconfig_type(&self) -> Self::FcType {
match *self {
Weight::Normal => fc::Weight::Regular,
Weight::Bold => fc::Weight::Bold,
}
}
}
struct FullMetrics {
size_metrics: freetype::ffi::FT_Size_Metrics,
cell_width: f64,
}
impl FreeTypeRasterizer {
/// Load a font face according to `FontDesc`
fn get_face(&mut self, desc: &FontDesc, size: Size) -> Result<FontKey, Error> {
// Adjust for DPI
let size = Size::new(size.as_f32_pts() * self.device_pixel_ratio * 96. / 72.);
self.pixel_size = f64::from(size.as_f32_pts());
match desc.style {
Style::Description { slant, weight } => {
// Match nearest font
self.get_matching_face(&desc, slant, weight)
},
Style::Specific(ref style) => {
// If a name was specified, try and load specifically that font.
self.get_specific_face(&desc, &style)
},
}
}
fn full_metrics(&self, key: FontKey) -> Result<FullMetrics, Error> {
let face = self.faces.get(&key).ok_or(Error::FontNotLoaded)?;
let size_metrics = face.ft_face.size_metrics().ok_or(Error::MissingSizeMetrics)?;
let width = match face.ft_face.load_char('0' as usize, face.load_flags) {
Ok(_) => face.ft_face.glyph().metrics().horiAdvance / 64,
Err(_) => size_metrics.max_advance / 64,
} as f64;
Ok(FullMetrics { size_metrics, cell_width: width })
}
fn get_matching_face(
&mut self,
desc: &FontDesc,
slant: Slant,
weight: Weight,
) -> Result<FontKey, Error> {
let mut pattern = fc::Pattern::new();
pattern.add_family(&desc.name);
pattern.set_weight(weight.into_fontconfig_type());
pattern.set_slant(slant.into_fontconfig_type());
pattern.add_pixelsize(self.pixel_size);
let font = fc::font_match(fc::Config::get_current(), &mut pattern)
.ok_or_else(|| Error::MissingFont(desc.to_owned()))?;
self.face_from_pattern(&font).and_then(|pattern| {
pattern.map(Ok).unwrap_or_else(|| Err(Error::MissingFont(desc.to_owned())))
})
}
fn get_specific_face(&mut self, desc: &FontDesc, style: &str) -> Result<FontKey, Error> {
let mut pattern = fc::Pattern::new();
pattern.add_family(&desc.name);
pattern.add_style(style);
pattern.add_pixelsize(self.pixel_size);
let font = fc::font_match(fc::Config::get_current(), &mut pattern)
.ok_or_else(|| Error::MissingFont(desc.to_owned()))?;
self.face_from_pattern(&font).and_then(|pattern| {
pattern.map(Ok).unwrap_or_else(|| Err(Error::MissingFont(desc.to_owned())))
})
}
fn face_from_pattern(&mut self, pattern: &fc::Pattern) -> Result<Option<FontKey>, Error> {
if let (Some(path), Some(index)) = (pattern.file(0), pattern.index().nth(0)) {
if let Some(key) = self.keys.get(&path) {
return Ok(Some(*key));
}
trace!("Got font path={:?}", path);
let mut ft_face = self.library.new_face(&path, index)?;
// Get available pixel sizes if font isn't scalable.
let non_scalable = if pattern.scalable().next().unwrap_or(true) {
None
} else {
let mut pixelsize = pattern.pixelsize();
debug!("pixelsizes: {:?}", pixelsize);
Some(FixedSize { pixelsize: pixelsize.next().expect("has 1+ pixelsize") })
};
let pixelsize_fixup_factor = pattern.pixelsizefixupfactor().next();
let has_color = ft_face.has_color();
if has_color {
unsafe {
// Select the colored bitmap size to use from the array of available sizes
freetype_sys::FT_Select_Size(ft_face.raw_mut(), 0);
}
}
let face = Face {
ft_face,
key: FontKey::next(),
load_flags: Self::ft_load_flags(pattern),
render_mode: Self::ft_render_mode(pattern),
lcd_filter: Self::ft_lcd_filter(pattern),
non_scalable,
has_color,
pixelsize_fixup_factor,
};
debug!("Loaded Face {:?}", face);
let key = face.key;
self.faces.insert(key, face);
self.keys.insert(path, key);
Ok(Some(key))
} else {
Ok(None)
}
}
fn face_for_glyph(
&mut self,
glyph_key: GlyphKey,
have_recursed: bool,
) -> Result<FontKey, Error> {
let c = glyph_key.c;
let use_initial_face = if let Some(face) = self.faces.get(&glyph_key.font_key) {
let index = face.ft_face.get_char_index(c as usize);
index != 0 || have_recursed
} else {
false
};
if use_initial_face {
Ok(glyph_key.font_key)
} else {
let key = self.load_face_with_glyph(c).unwrap_or(glyph_key.font_key);
Ok(key)
}
}
fn get_rendered_glyph(&mut self, glyph_key: GlyphKey) -> Result<RasterizedGlyph, Error> {
// Render a normal character if it's not a cursor
let font_key = self.face_for_glyph(glyph_key, false)?;
let face = &self.faces[&font_key];
let index = face.ft_face.get_char_index(glyph_key.c as usize);
let size =
face.non_scalable.as_ref().map(|v| v.pixelsize as f32).unwrap_or_else(|| {
glyph_key.size.as_f32_pts() * self.device_pixel_ratio * 96. / 72.
});
if !face.has_color {
face.ft_face.set_char_size(to_freetype_26_6(size), 0, 0, 0)?;
}
unsafe {
let ft_lib = self.library.raw();
freetype::ffi::FT_Library_SetLcdFilter(ft_lib, face.lcd_filter);
}
face.ft_face.load_glyph(index as u32, face.load_flags)?;
let glyph = face.ft_face.glyph();
glyph.render_glyph(face.render_mode)?;
let (pixel_height, pixel_width, buf) = Self::normalize_buffer(&glyph.bitmap())?;
let rasterized_glyph = RasterizedGlyph {
c: glyph_key.c,
top: glyph.bitmap_top(),
left: glyph.bitmap_left(),
width: pixel_width,
height: pixel_height,
buf,
};
if face.has_color {
let fixup_factor = if let Some(pixelsize_fixup_factor) = face.pixelsize_fixup_factor {
pixelsize_fixup_factor
} else {
// Fallback if user has bitmap scaling disabled
let metrics = face.ft_face.size_metrics().ok_or(Error::MissingSizeMetrics)?;
self.pixel_size as f64 / metrics.y_ppem as f64
};
Ok(downsample_bitmap(rasterized_glyph, fixup_factor))
} else {
Ok(rasterized_glyph)
}
}
fn ft_load_flags(pat: &fc::Pattern) -> freetype::face::LoadFlag {
let antialias = pat.antialias().next().unwrap_or(true);
let hinting = pat.hintstyle().next().unwrap_or(fc::HintStyle::Slight);
let rgba = pat.rgba().next().unwrap_or(fc::Rgba::Unknown);
let embedded_bitmaps = pat.embeddedbitmap().next().unwrap_or(true);
let color = pat.color().next().unwrap_or(false);
use freetype::face::LoadFlag;
let mut flags = match (antialias, hinting, rgba) {
(false, fc::HintStyle::None, _) => LoadFlag::NO_HINTING | LoadFlag::MONOCHROME,
(false, ..) => LoadFlag::TARGET_MONO | LoadFlag::MONOCHROME,
(true, fc::HintStyle::None, _) => LoadFlag::NO_HINTING | LoadFlag::TARGET_NORMAL,
// hintslight does *not* use LCD hinting even when a subpixel mode
// is selected.
//
// According to the FreeType docs,
//
// > You can use a hinting algorithm that doesn't correspond to the
// > same rendering mode. As an example, it is possible to use the
// > light hinting algorithm and have the results rendered in
// > horizontal LCD pixel mode.
//
// In practice, this means we can have `FT_LOAD_TARGET_LIGHT` with
// subpixel render modes like `FT_RENDER_MODE_LCD`. Libraries like
// cairo take the same approach and consider `hintslight` to always
// prefer `FT_LOAD_TARGET_LIGHT`
(true, fc::HintStyle::Slight, _) => LoadFlag::TARGET_LIGHT,
// If LCD hinting is to be used, must select hintmedium or hintfull,
// have AA enabled, and select a subpixel mode.
(true, _, fc::Rgba::Rgb) | (true, _, fc::Rgba::Bgr) => LoadFlag::TARGET_LCD,
(true, _, fc::Rgba::Vrgb) | (true, _, fc::Rgba::Vbgr) => LoadFlag::TARGET_LCD_V,
// For non-rgba modes with either Medium or Full hinting, just use
// the default hinting algorithm.
//
// TODO should Medium/Full control whether to use the auto hinter?
(true, _, fc::Rgba::Unknown) => LoadFlag::TARGET_NORMAL,
(true, _, fc::Rgba::None) => LoadFlag::TARGET_NORMAL,
};
if !embedded_bitmaps {
flags |= LoadFlag::NO_BITMAP;
}
if color {
flags |= LoadFlag::COLOR;
}
flags
}
fn ft_render_mode(pat: &fc::Pattern) -> freetype::RenderMode {
let antialias = pat.antialias().next().unwrap_or(true);
let rgba = pat.rgba().next().unwrap_or(fc::Rgba::Unknown);
match (antialias, rgba) {
(false, _) => freetype::RenderMode::Mono,
(_, fc::Rgba::Rgb) | (_, fc::Rgba::Bgr) => freetype::RenderMode::Lcd,
(_, fc::Rgba::Vrgb) | (_, fc::Rgba::Vbgr) => freetype::RenderMode::LcdV,
(true, _) => freetype::RenderMode::Normal,
}
}
fn ft_lcd_filter(pat: &fc::Pattern) -> c_uint {
match pat.lcdfilter().next().unwrap_or(fc::LcdFilter::Default) {
fc::LcdFilter::None => freetype::ffi::FT_LCD_FILTER_NONE,
fc::LcdFilter::Default => freetype::ffi::FT_LCD_FILTER_DEFAULT,
fc::LcdFilter::Light => freetype::ffi::FT_LCD_FILTER_LIGHT,
fc::LcdFilter::Legacy => freetype::ffi::FT_LCD_FILTER_LEGACY,
}
}
/// Given a FreeType `Bitmap`, returns packed buffer with 1 byte per LCD channel.
///
/// The i32 value in the return type is the number of pixels per row.
fn normalize_buffer(
bitmap: &freetype::bitmap::Bitmap,
) -> freetype::FtResult<(i32, i32, BitmapBuffer)> {
use freetype::bitmap::PixelMode;
let buf = bitmap.buffer();
let mut packed = Vec::with_capacity((bitmap.rows() * bitmap.width()) as usize);
let pitch = bitmap.pitch().abs() as usize;
match bitmap.pixel_mode()? {
PixelMode::Lcd => {
for i in 0..bitmap.rows() {
let start = (i as usize) * pitch;
let stop = start + bitmap.width() as usize;
packed.extend_from_slice(&buf[start..stop]);
}
Ok((bitmap.rows(), bitmap.width() / 3, BitmapBuffer::RGB(packed)))
},
PixelMode::LcdV => {
for i in 0..bitmap.rows() / 3 {
for j in 0..bitmap.width() {
for k in 0..3 {
let offset = ((i as usize) * 3 + k) * pitch + (j as usize);
packed.push(buf[offset]);
}
}
}
Ok((bitmap.rows() / 3, bitmap.width(), BitmapBuffer::RGB(packed)))
},
// Mono data is stored in a packed format using 1 bit per pixel.
PixelMode::Mono => {
fn unpack_byte(res: &mut Vec<u8>, byte: u8, mut count: u8) {
// Mono stores MSBit at top of byte
let mut bit = 7;
while count != 0 {
let value = ((byte >> bit) & 1) * 255;
// Push value 3x since result buffer should be 1 byte
// per channel
res.push(value);
res.push(value);
res.push(value);
count -= 1;
bit -= 1;
}
};
for i in 0..(bitmap.rows() as usize) {
let mut columns = bitmap.width();
let mut byte = 0;
let offset = i * bitmap.pitch().abs() as usize;
while columns != 0 {
let bits = min(8, columns);
unpack_byte(&mut packed, buf[offset + byte], bits as u8);
columns -= bits;
byte += 1;
}
}
Ok((bitmap.rows(), bitmap.width(), BitmapBuffer::RGB(packed)))
},
// Gray data is stored as a value between 0 and 255 using 1 byte per pixel.
PixelMode::Gray => {
for i in 0..bitmap.rows() {
let start = (i as usize) * pitch;
let stop = start + bitmap.width() as usize;
for byte in &buf[start..stop] {
packed.push(*byte);
packed.push(*byte);
packed.push(*byte);
}
}
Ok((bitmap.rows(), bitmap.width(), BitmapBuffer::RGB(packed)))
},
PixelMode::Bgra => {
let buf_size = (bitmap.rows() * bitmap.width() * 4) as usize;
let mut i = 0;
while i < buf_size {
packed.push(buf[i + 2]);
packed.push(buf[i + 1]);
packed.push(buf[i]);
packed.push(buf[i + 3]);
i += 4;
}
Ok((bitmap.rows(), bitmap.width(), BitmapBuffer::RGBA(packed)))
},
mode => panic!("unhandled pixel mode: {:?}", mode),
}
}
fn load_face_with_glyph(&mut self, glyph: char) -> Result<FontKey, Error> {
let mut charset = fc::CharSet::new();
charset.add(glyph);
let mut pattern = fc::Pattern::new();
pattern.add_charset(&charset);
pattern.add_pixelsize(self.pixel_size as f64);
let config = fc::Config::get_current();
match fc::font_match(config, &mut pattern) {
Some(pattern) => {
if let (Some(path), Some(_)) = (pattern.file(0), pattern.index().nth(0)) {
match self.keys.get(&path) {
// We've previously loaded this font, so don't
// load it again.
Some(&key) => {
debug!("Hit for font {:?}; no need to load", path);
// Update fixup factor
self.faces.get_mut(&key).unwrap().pixelsize_fixup_factor =
pattern.pixelsizefixupfactor().next();
Ok(key)
},
None => {
debug!("Miss for font {:?}; loading now", path);
// Safe to unwrap the option since we've already checked for the path
// and index above.
let key = self.face_from_pattern(&pattern)?.unwrap();
Ok(key)
},
}
} else {
Err(Error::MissingFont(FontDesc::new(
"fallback-without-path",
Style::Specific(glyph.to_string()),
)))
}
},
None => Err(Error::MissingFont(FontDesc::new(
"no-fallback-for",
Style::Specific(glyph.to_string()),
))),
}
}
}
/// Downscale a bitmap by a fixed factor.
///
/// This will take the `bitmap_glyph` as input and return the glyph's content downscaled by
/// `fixup_factor`.
fn downsample_bitmap(mut bitmap_glyph: RasterizedGlyph, fixup_factor: f64) -> RasterizedGlyph {
// Only scale colored buffers which are bigger than required
let bitmap_buffer = match (&bitmap_glyph.buf, fixup_factor.partial_cmp(&1.0)) {
(BitmapBuffer::RGBA(buffer), Some(Ordering::Less)) => buffer,
_ => return bitmap_glyph,
};
let bitmap_width = bitmap_glyph.width as usize;
let bitmap_height = bitmap_glyph.height as usize;
let target_width = (bitmap_width as f64 * fixup_factor) as usize;
let target_height = (bitmap_height as f64 * fixup_factor) as usize;
// Number of pixels in the input buffer, per pixel in the output buffer
let downsampling_step = 1.0 / fixup_factor;
let mut downsampled_buffer = Vec::<u8>::with_capacity(target_width * target_height * 4);
for line_index in 0..target_height {
// Get the first and last line which will be consolidated in the current output pixel
let line_index = line_index as f64;
let source_line_start = (line_index * downsampling_step).round() as usize;
let source_line_end = ((line_index + 1.) * downsampling_step).round() as usize;
for column_index in 0..target_width {
// Get the first and last column which will be consolidated in the current output pixel
let column_index = column_index as f64;
let source_column_start = (column_index * downsampling_step).round() as usize;
let source_column_end = ((column_index + 1.) * downsampling_step).round() as usize;
let (mut r, mut g, mut b, mut a) = (0u32, 0u32, 0u32, 0u32);
let mut pixels_picked: u32 = 0;
// Consolidate all pixels within the source rectangle into a single averaged pixel
for source_line in source_line_start..source_line_end {
let source_pixel_index = source_line * bitmap_width;
for source_column in source_column_start..source_column_end {
let offset = (source_pixel_index + source_column) * 4;
r += bitmap_buffer[offset] as u32;
g += bitmap_buffer[offset + 1] as u32;
b += bitmap_buffer[offset + 2] as u32;
a += bitmap_buffer[offset + 3] as u32;
pixels_picked += 1;
}
}
// Add a single pixel to the output buffer for the downscaled source rectangle
downsampled_buffer.push((r / pixels_picked) as u8);
downsampled_buffer.push((g / pixels_picked) as u8);
downsampled_buffer.push((b / pixels_picked) as u8);
downsampled_buffer.push((a / pixels_picked) as u8);
}
}
bitmap_glyph.buf = BitmapBuffer::RGBA(downsampled_buffer);
// Downscale the metrics
bitmap_glyph.top = (bitmap_glyph.top as f64 * fixup_factor) as i32;
bitmap_glyph.left = (bitmap_glyph.left as f64 * fixup_factor) as i32;
bitmap_glyph.width = target_width as i32;
bitmap_glyph.height = target_height as i32;
bitmap_glyph
}
/// Errors occurring when using the freetype rasterizer
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum Error {
/// Error occurred within the FreeType library
FreeType(freetype::Error),
/// Couldn't find font matching description
MissingFont(FontDesc),
/// Tried to get size metrics from a Face that didn't have a size
MissingSizeMetrics,
/// Requested an operation with a FontKey that isn't known to the rasterizer
FontNotLoaded,
}
impl std::error::Error for Error {
fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)> {
match self {
Error::FreeType(err) => err.source(),
_ => None,
}
}
}
impl Display for Error {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Error::FreeType(err) => err.fmt(f),
Error::MissingFont(err) => write!(
f,
"Couldn't find a font with {}\n\tPlease check the font config in your \
alacritty.yml.",
err
),
Error::FontNotLoaded => f.write_str("Tried to use a font that hasn't been loaded"),
Error::MissingSizeMetrics => {
f.write_str("Tried to get size metrics from a face without a size")
},
}
}
}
impl From<freetype::Error> for Error {
fn from(val: freetype::Error) -> Error {
Error::FreeType(val)
}
}
unsafe impl Send for FreeTypeRasterizer {}