diff --git a/.circleci/config.yml b/.circleci/config.yml
index 5d8af5ec..cb5df4e2 100644
--- a/.circleci/config.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config.yml
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ commands:
             - ".git"
       - run:
           name: config
-          command: CC=<< parameters.cc >> meson << parameters.build-config >> --werror . build
+          command: CC=<< parameters.cc >> meson << parameters.build-config >> -Dnew_backends=true --werror . build
       - run:
           name: build
           command: ninja -C build
diff --git a/meson_options.txt b/meson_options.txt
index 7748df66..66f924ba 100644
--- a/meson_options.txt
+++ b/meson_options.txt
@@ -5,9 +5,11 @@ option('regex', type: 'boolean', value: true, description: 'Enable regex support
 
 option('vsync_drm', type: 'boolean', value: false, description: 'Enable support for using drm for vsync')
 
-option('opengl', type: 'boolean', value: true, description: 'Enable features that require opengl (opengl backend, and opengl vsync methods)')
+option('opengl', type: 'boolean', value: false, description: 'Enable features that require opengl (opengl backend, and opengl vsync methods)')
 option('dbus', type: 'boolean', value: true, description: 'Enable suport for D-Bus remote control')
 
 option('xrescheck', type: 'boolean', value: false, description: 'Enable X resource leak checker (for debug only)')
 
 option('build_docs', type: 'boolean', value: false, description: 'Build documentation and man pages')
+
+option('new_backends', type: 'boolean', value: false, description: 'Does not really do anything right now')
diff --git a/src/backend/backend.c b/src/backend/backend.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1b2baa2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/backend.c
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "backend.h"
+
+backend_info_t *backend_list[NUM_BKEND] = {[BKEND_XRENDER] = &xrender_backend};
+
+bool default_is_win_transparent(void *backend_data, win *w, void *win_data) {
+	return w->mode != WMODE_SOLID;
+}
+
+bool default_is_frame_transparent(void *backend_data, win *w, void *win_data) {
+	return w->frame_opacity != 1;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/backend.h b/src/backend/backend.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4d553046
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/backend.h
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+// Copyright (c) 2018, Yuxuan Shui <yshuiv7@gmail.com>
+
+#pragma once
+#include "common.h"
+#include "region.h"
+
+typedef struct backend_info {
+
+	// ===========    Initialization    ===========
+
+	/// Initialize the backend, prepare for rendering to the target window.
+	/// Here is how you should choose target window:
+	///    1) if ps->overlay is not XCB_NONE, use that
+	///    2) use ps->root otherwise
+	/// XXX make the target window a parameter
+	void *(*init)(session_t *ps) __attribute__((nonnull(1)));
+	void (*deinit)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps) __attribute__((nonnull(1, 2)));
+
+	/// Called when rendering will be stopped for an unknown amount of
+	/// time (e.g. screen is unredirected). Free some resources.
+	void (*pause)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps);
+
+	/// Called before rendering is resumed
+	void (*resume)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps);
+
+	/// Called when root property changed, returns the new
+	/// backend_data. Even if the backend_data changed, all
+	/// the existing win_data returned by prepare_win should
+	/// remain valid.
+	///
+	/// Optional
+	void *(*root_change)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps);
+
+	// ===========      Rendering      ============
+
+	/// Called before any compose() calls.
+	///
+	/// Usually the backend should clear the buffer, or paint a background
+	/// on the buffer (usually the wallpaper).
+	///
+	/// Optional?
+	void (*prepare)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, const region_t *reg_paint);
+
+	/// Paint the content of the window onto the (possibly buffered)
+	/// target picture. Always called after render_win(). Maybe called
+	/// multiple times between render_win() and finish_render_win().
+	/// The origin is the top left of the window, exclude the shadow,
+	/// (dst_x, dst_y) refers to where the origin should be in the target
+	/// buffer.
+	void (*compose)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w, void *win_data,
+	                int dst_x, int dst_y, const region_t *reg_paint);
+
+	/// Blur a given region on of the target.
+	bool (*blur)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, double opacity, const region_t *)
+	    __attribute__((nonnull(1, 2, 4)));
+
+	/// Present the buffered target picture onto the screen. If target
+	/// is not buffered, this should be NULL.
+	///
+	/// Optional
+	void (*present)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps) __attribute__((nonnull(1, 2)));
+
+	/**
+	 * Render the content of a window into an opaque
+	 * data structure. Dimming, shadow and color inversion is handled
+	 * here.
+	 *
+	 * This function is allowed to allocate additional resource needed
+	 * for rendering.
+	 *
+	 * Params:
+	 *    reg_paint = the paint region, meaning painting should only
+	 *                be happening within that region. It's in global
+	 *                coordinates. If NULL, the region of paint is the
+	 *                whole screen.
+	 */
+	void (*render_win)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w, void *win_data,
+	                   const region_t *reg_paint);
+
+	/// Free resource allocated for rendering. After this function is
+	/// called, compose() won't be called before render_win is called
+	/// another time.
+	///
+	/// Optional
+	void (*finish_render_win)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w,
+	                          void *win_data);
+
+	// ============ Resource management ===========
+
+	// XXX Thoughts: calling release_win and prepare_win for every config notify
+	//     is wasteful, since there can be multiple such notifies per drawing.
+	//     But if we don't, it can mean there will be a state where is window is
+	//     mapped and visible, but there is no win_data attached to it. We don't
+	//     want to break that assumption.
+
+	/// Create a structure to stored additional data needed for rendering a
+	/// window, later used for render() and compose().
+	///
+	/// Backend can assume this function will only be called with visible
+	/// InputOutput windows, and only be called when screen is redirected.
+	///
+	/// Backend can assume size, shape and visual of the window won't change between
+	/// prepare_win() and release_win().
+	void *(*prepare_win)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w)
+	    __attribute__((nonnull(1, 2, 3)));
+
+	/// Free resources allocated by prepare()
+	void (*release_win)(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w, void *win_data)
+	    __attribute__((nonnull(1, 2, 3)));
+
+	// ===========        Query         ===========
+
+	/// Return if a window has transparent content. Guaranteed to only
+	/// be called after render_win is called.
+	bool (*is_win_transparent)(void *backend_data, win *w, void *win_data)
+	    __attribute__((nonnull(1, 2)));
+
+	/// Return if the frame window has transparent content. Guaranteed to
+	/// only be called after render_win is called.
+	bool (*is_frame_transparent)(void *backend_data, win *w, void *win_data)
+	    __attribute__((nonnull(1, 2)));
+} backend_info_t;
+
+extern backend_info_t xrender_backend;
+extern backend_info_t glx_backend;
+extern backend_info_t *backend_list[NUM_BKEND];
+
+bool default_is_win_transparent(void *, win *, void *);
+bool default_is_frame_transparent(void *, win *, void *);
diff --git a/src/backend/backend_common.c b/src/backend/backend_common.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f0584d4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/backend_common.c
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#include <xcb/xcb_image.h>
+
+#include "render.h"
+#include "backend_common.h"
+
+/**
+ * Generate a 1x1 <code>Picture</code> of a particular color.
+ */
+xcb_render_picture_t
+solid_picture(session_t *ps, bool argb, double a, double r, double g, double b) {
+	xcb_pixmap_t pixmap;
+	xcb_render_picture_t picture;
+	xcb_render_create_picture_value_list_t pa;
+	xcb_render_color_t col;
+	xcb_rectangle_t rect;
+
+	pixmap = x_create_pixmap(ps, argb ? 32 : 8, ps->root, 1, 1);
+	if (!pixmap)
+		return None;
+
+	pa.repeat = True;
+	picture = x_create_picture_with_standard_and_pixmap(
+	    ps, argb ? XCB_PICT_STANDARD_ARGB_32 : XCB_PICT_STANDARD_A_8, pixmap,
+	    XCB_RENDER_CP_REPEAT, &pa);
+
+	if (!picture) {
+		xcb_free_pixmap(ps->c, pixmap);
+		return None;
+	}
+
+	col.alpha = a * 0xffff;
+	col.red = r * 0xffff;
+	col.green = g * 0xffff;
+	col.blue = b * 0xffff;
+
+	rect.x = 0;
+	rect.y = 0;
+	rect.width = 1;
+	rect.height = 1;
+
+	xcb_render_fill_rectangles(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_SRC, picture, col, 1, &rect);
+	xcb_free_pixmap(ps->c, pixmap);
+
+	return picture;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generate shadow <code>Picture</code> for a window.
+ */
+bool build_shadow(session_t *ps, double opacity, const int width, const int height,
+                  xcb_render_picture_t shadow_pixel, xcb_pixmap_t *pixmap,
+                  xcb_render_picture_t *pict) {
+	xcb_image_t *shadow_image = NULL;
+	xcb_pixmap_t shadow_pixmap = None, shadow_pixmap_argb = None;
+	xcb_render_picture_t shadow_picture = None, shadow_picture_argb = None;
+	xcb_gcontext_t gc = None;
+
+	shadow_image = make_shadow(ps, opacity, width, height);
+	if (!shadow_image) {
+		log_error("Failed to make shadow");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	shadow_pixmap =
+	    x_create_pixmap(ps, 8, ps->root, shadow_image->width, shadow_image->height);
+	shadow_pixmap_argb =
+	    x_create_pixmap(ps, 32, ps->root, shadow_image->width, shadow_image->height);
+
+	if (!shadow_pixmap || !shadow_pixmap_argb) {
+		log_error("Failed to create shadow pixmaps");
+		goto shadow_picture_err;
+	}
+
+	shadow_picture = x_create_picture_with_standard_and_pixmap(
+	    ps, XCB_PICT_STANDARD_A_8, shadow_pixmap, 0, NULL);
+	shadow_picture_argb = x_create_picture_with_standard_and_pixmap(
+	    ps, XCB_PICT_STANDARD_ARGB_32, shadow_pixmap_argb, 0, NULL);
+	if (!shadow_picture || !shadow_picture_argb)
+		goto shadow_picture_err;
+
+	gc = xcb_generate_id(ps->c);
+	xcb_create_gc(ps->c, gc, shadow_pixmap, 0, NULL);
+
+	xcb_image_put(ps->c, shadow_pixmap, gc, shadow_image, 0, 0, 0);
+	xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_SRC, shadow_pixel, shadow_picture,
+	                     shadow_picture_argb, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, shadow_image->width,
+	                     shadow_image->height);
+
+	*pixmap = shadow_pixmap_argb;
+	*pict = shadow_picture_argb;
+
+	xcb_free_gc(ps->c, gc);
+	xcb_image_destroy(shadow_image);
+	xcb_free_pixmap(ps->c, shadow_pixmap);
+	xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, shadow_picture);
+
+	return true;
+
+shadow_picture_err:
+	if (shadow_image)
+		xcb_image_destroy(shadow_image);
+	if (shadow_pixmap)
+		xcb_free_pixmap(ps->c, shadow_pixmap);
+	if (shadow_pixmap_argb)
+		xcb_free_pixmap(ps->c, shadow_pixmap_argb);
+	if (shadow_picture)
+		xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, shadow_picture);
+	if (shadow_picture_argb)
+		xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, shadow_picture_argb);
+	if (gc)
+		xcb_free_gc(ps->c, gc);
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+// vim: set noet sw=8 ts=8 :
diff --git a/src/backend/backend_common.h b/src/backend/backend_common.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2cd8ea2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/backend_common.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <xcb/xcb_image.h>
+#include "common.h"
+
+bool build_shadow(session_t *ps, double opacity, const int width, const int height,
+                  xcb_render_picture_t shadow_pixel, xcb_pixmap_t *pixmap,
+                  xcb_render_picture_t *pict);
+
+xcb_render_picture_t
+solid_picture(session_t *ps, bool argb, double a, double r, double g, double b);
diff --git a/src/backend/gl/gl_common.c b/src/backend/gl/gl_common.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7c37e0be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/gl/gl_common.c
@@ -0,0 +1,575 @@
+#include <GL/gl.h>
+#include <GL/glext.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#include "common.h"
+#include "log.h"
+
+#include "backend/gl/gl_common.h"
+
+GLuint gl_create_shader(GLenum shader_type, const char *shader_str) {
+	log_trace("===\n%s\n===", shader_str);
+
+	bool success = false;
+	GLuint shader = glCreateShader(shader_type);
+	if (!shader) {
+		log_error("Failed to create shader with type %#x.", shader_type);
+		goto end;
+	}
+	glShaderSource(shader, 1, &shader_str, NULL);
+	glCompileShader(shader);
+
+	// Get shader status
+	{
+		GLint status = GL_FALSE;
+		glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &status);
+		if (GL_FALSE == status) {
+			GLint log_len = 0;
+			glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &log_len);
+			if (log_len) {
+				char log[log_len + 1];
+				glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, log_len, NULL, log);
+				log_error("Failed to compile shader with type %d: %s",
+				          shader_type, log);
+			}
+			goto end;
+		}
+	}
+
+	success = true;
+
+end:
+	if (shader && !success) {
+		glDeleteShader(shader);
+		shader = 0;
+	}
+
+	return shader;
+}
+
+GLuint gl_create_program(const GLuint *const shaders, int nshaders) {
+	bool success = false;
+	GLuint program = glCreateProgram();
+	if (!program) {
+		log_error("Failed to create program.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < nshaders; ++i)
+		glAttachShader(program, shaders[i]);
+	glLinkProgram(program);
+
+	// Get program status
+	{
+		GLint status = GL_FALSE;
+		glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, &status);
+		if (GL_FALSE == status) {
+			GLint log_len = 0;
+			glGetProgramiv(program, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &log_len);
+			if (log_len) {
+				char log[log_len + 1];
+				glGetProgramInfoLog(program, log_len, NULL, log);
+				log_error("Failed to link program: %s", log);
+			}
+			goto end;
+		}
+	}
+	success = true;
+
+end:
+	if (program) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < nshaders; ++i)
+			glDetachShader(program, shaders[i]);
+	}
+	if (program && !success) {
+		glDeleteProgram(program);
+		program = 0;
+	}
+
+	return program;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create a program from vertex and fragment shader strings.
+ */
+GLuint
+gl_create_program_from_str(const char *vert_shader_str, const char *frag_shader_str) {
+	GLuint vert_shader = 0;
+	GLuint frag_shader = 0;
+	GLuint prog = 0;
+
+	if (vert_shader_str)
+		vert_shader = gl_create_shader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vert_shader_str);
+	if (frag_shader_str)
+		frag_shader = gl_create_shader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, frag_shader_str);
+
+	{
+		GLuint shaders[2];
+		unsigned int count = 0;
+		if (vert_shader)
+			shaders[count++] = vert_shader;
+		if (frag_shader)
+			shaders[count++] = frag_shader;
+		assert(count <= sizeof(shaders) / sizeof(shaders[0]));
+		if (count)
+			prog = gl_create_program(shaders, count);
+	}
+
+	if (vert_shader)
+		glDeleteShader(vert_shader);
+	if (frag_shader)
+		glDeleteShader(frag_shader);
+
+	return prog;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get tightly packed RGB888 data from GL front buffer.
+ *
+ * Don't expect any sort of decent performance.
+ *
+ * @returns tightly packed RGB888 data of the size of the screen,
+ *          to be freed with `free()`
+ */
+unsigned char *gl_take_screenshot(session_t *ps, int *out_length) {
+	int length = 3 * ps->root_width * ps->root_height;
+	GLint unpack_align_old = 0;
+	glGetIntegerv(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, &unpack_align_old);
+	assert(unpack_align_old > 0);
+	glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
+	unsigned char *buf = ccalloc(length, unsigned char);
+	glReadBuffer(GL_FRONT);
+	glReadPixels(0, 0, ps->root_width, ps->root_height, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buf);
+	glReadBuffer(GL_BACK);
+	glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, unpack_align_old);
+	if (out_length)
+		*out_length = sizeof(unsigned char) * length;
+	return buf;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Render a region with texture data.
+ */
+bool gl_compose(const gl_texture_t *ptex, int x, int y, int dx, int dy, int width,
+                int height, int z, double opacity, bool argb, bool neg,
+                const region_t *reg_tgt, const gl_win_shader_t *shader) {
+	if (!ptex || !ptex->texture) {
+		log_error("Missing texture.");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	// argb = argb || (GLX_TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGBA_EXT ==
+	//    ps->psglx->fbconfigs[ptex->depth]->texture_fmt);
+	bool dual_texture = false;
+
+	// It's required by legacy versions of OpenGL to enable texture target
+	// before specifying environment. Thanks to madsy for telling me.
+	glEnable(ptex->target);
+
+	// Enable blending if needed
+	if (opacity < 1.0 || argb) {
+
+		glEnable(GL_BLEND);
+
+		// Needed for handling opacity of ARGB texture
+		glTexEnvi(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE);
+
+		// This is all weird, but X Render is using premultiplied ARGB format, and
+		// we need to use those things to correct it. Thanks to derhass for help.
+		glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+		glColor4f(opacity, opacity, opacity, opacity);
+	}
+
+	// Programmable path
+	assert(shader->prog);
+	glUseProgram(shader->prog);
+	if (shader->unifm_opacity >= 0)
+		glUniform1f(shader->unifm_opacity, opacity);
+	if (shader->unifm_invert_color >= 0)
+		glUniform1i(shader->unifm_invert_color, neg);
+	if (shader->unifm_tex >= 0)
+		glUniform1i(shader->unifm_tex, 0);
+
+	// log_trace("Draw: %d, %d, %d, %d -> %d, %d (%d, %d) z %d\n",
+	//          x, y, width, height, dx, dy, ptex->width, ptex->height, z);
+
+	// Bind texture
+	glBindTexture(ptex->target, ptex->texture);
+	if (dual_texture) {
+		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
+		glBindTexture(ptex->target, ptex->texture);
+		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
+	}
+
+	// Painting
+	P_PAINTREG_START(crect) {
+		// Calculate texture coordinates
+		GLfloat texture_x1 = (double)(crect.x1 - dx + x);
+		GLfloat texture_y1 = (double)(crect.y1 - dy + y);
+		GLfloat texture_x2 = texture_x1 + (double)(crect.x2 - crect.x1);
+		GLfloat texture_y2 = texture_y1 + (double)(crect.y2 - crect.y1);
+
+		if (GL_TEXTURE_2D == ptex->target) {
+			// GL_TEXTURE_2D coordinates are 0-1
+			texture_x1 /= ptex->width;
+			texture_y1 /= ptex->height;
+			texture_x2 /= ptex->width;
+			texture_y2 /= ptex->height;
+		}
+
+		// Vertex coordinates
+		GLint vx1 = crect.x1;
+		GLint vy1 = crect.y1;
+		GLint vx2 = crect.x2;
+		GLint vy2 = crect.y2;
+
+		// X pixmaps might be Y inverted, invert the texture coordinates
+		if (ptex->y_inverted) {
+			texture_y1 = 1.0 - texture_y1;
+			texture_y2 = 1.0 - texture_y2;
+		}
+
+		// log_trace("Rect %d: %f, %f, %f, %f -> %d, %d, %d, %d",
+		//          ri, rx, ry, rxe, rye, rdx, rdy, rdxe, rdye);
+
+		GLfloat texture_x[] = {texture_x1, texture_x2, texture_x2, texture_x1};
+		GLfloat texture_y[] = {texture_y1, texture_y1, texture_y2, texture_y2};
+		GLint vx[] = {vx1, vx2, vx2, vx1};
+		GLint vy[] = {vy1, vy1, vy2, vy2};
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+			glTexCoord2f(texture_x[i], texture_y[i]);
+			glVertex3i(vx[i], vy[i], z);
+		}
+	}
+	P_PAINTREG_END();
+
+	// Cleanup
+	glBindTexture(ptex->target, 0);
+	glColor4f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
+	glTexEnvi(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
+	glDisable(GL_BLEND);
+	glDisable(GL_COLOR_LOGIC_OP);
+	glDisable(ptex->target);
+
+	if (dual_texture) {
+		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
+		glBindTexture(ptex->target, 0);
+		glDisable(ptex->target);
+		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
+	}
+
+	glUseProgram(0);
+
+	gl_check_err();
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+bool gl_dim_reg(session_t *ps, int dx, int dy, int width, int height, float z,
+                GLfloat factor, const region_t *reg_tgt) {
+	// It's possible to dim in glx_render(), but it would be over-complicated
+	// considering all those mess in color negation and modulation
+	glEnable(GL_BLEND);
+	glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+	glColor4f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, factor);
+
+	{
+		P_PAINTREG_START(crect) {
+			glVertex3i(crect.x1, crect.y1, z);
+			glVertex3i(crect.x2, crect.y1, z);
+			glVertex3i(crect.x2, crect.y2, z);
+			glVertex3i(crect.x1, crect.y2, z);
+		}
+		P_PAINTREG_END();
+	}
+
+	glEnd();
+
+	glColor4f(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
+	glDisable(GL_BLEND);
+
+	gl_check_err();
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static inline int gl_gen_texture(GLenum tex_tgt, int width, int height, GLuint *tex) {
+	glGenTextures(1, tex);
+	if (!*tex)
+		return -1;
+	glEnable(tex_tgt);
+	glBindTexture(tex_tgt, *tex);
+	glTexParameteri(tex_tgt, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameteri(tex_tgt, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameteri(tex_tgt, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+	glTexParameteri(tex_tgt, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+	glTexImage2D(tex_tgt, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, NULL);
+	glBindTexture(tex_tgt, 0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Blur contents in a particular region.
+ *
+ * XXX seems to be way to complex for what it does
+ */
+
+// Blur the area sized width x height starting at dx x dy
+bool gl_blur_dst(session_t *ps, const gl_cap_t *cap, int dx, int dy, int width,
+                 int height, float z, GLfloat factor_center, const region_t *reg_tgt,
+                 gl_blur_cache_t *pbc, const gl_blur_shader_t *pass, int npasses) {
+	const bool more_passes = npasses > 1;
+
+	// these should be arguments
+	const bool have_scissors = glIsEnabled(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
+	const bool have_stencil = glIsEnabled(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
+	bool ret = false;
+
+	// Calculate copy region size
+	gl_blur_cache_t ibc = {.width = 0, .height = 0};
+	if (!pbc)
+		pbc = &ibc;
+
+	// log_trace("(): %d, %d, %d, %d\n", dx, dy, width, height);
+
+	GLenum tex_tgt = GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE;
+	if (cap->non_power_of_two_texture)
+		tex_tgt = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+
+	// Free textures if size inconsistency discovered
+	if (width != pbc->width || height != pbc->height) {
+		glDeleteTextures(1, &pbc->textures[0]);
+		glDeleteTextures(1, &pbc->textures[1]);
+		pbc->width = pbc->height = 0;
+		pbc->textures[0] = pbc->textures[1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	// Generate FBO and textures if needed
+	if (!pbc->textures[0])
+		gl_gen_texture(tex_tgt, width, height, &pbc->textures[0]);
+	GLuint tex_scr = pbc->textures[0];
+	if (npasses > 1 && !pbc->textures[1])
+		gl_gen_texture(tex_tgt, width, height, &pbc->textures[1]);
+	pbc->width = width;
+	pbc->height = height;
+	GLuint tex_scr2 = pbc->textures[1];
+	if (npasses > 1 && !pbc->fbo)
+		glGenFramebuffers(1, &pbc->fbo);
+	const GLuint fbo = pbc->fbo;
+
+	if (!tex_scr || (npasses > 1 && !tex_scr2)) {
+		log_error("Failed to allocate texture.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+	if (npasses > 1 && !fbo) {
+		log_error("Failed to allocate framebuffer.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	// Read destination pixels into a texture
+	glEnable(tex_tgt);
+	glBindTexture(tex_tgt, tex_scr);
+
+	// Copy the area to be blurred into tmp buffer
+	glCopyTexSubImage2D(tex_tgt, 0, 0, 0, dx, dy, width, height);
+
+	// Texture scaling factor
+	GLfloat texfac_x = 1.0f, texfac_y = 1.0f;
+	if (tex_tgt == GL_TEXTURE_2D) {
+		texfac_x /= width;
+		texfac_y /= height;
+	}
+
+	// Paint it back
+	if (more_passes) {
+		glDisable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
+		glDisable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < npasses; ++i) {
+		assert(i < MAX_BLUR_PASS - 1);
+		const gl_blur_shader_t *curr = &pass[i];
+		assert(curr->prog);
+
+		assert(tex_scr);
+		glBindTexture(tex_tgt, tex_scr);
+
+		if (i < npasses - 1) {
+			// not last pass, draw into framebuffer
+			glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, fbo);
+
+			// XXX not fixing bug during porting
+			glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,
+			                       GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex_scr2,
+			                       0);        // XXX wrong, should use tex_tgt
+			glDrawBuffers(1, (GLenum[]){GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0});
+			if (glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) !=
+			    GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) {
+				log_error("Framebuffer attachment failed.");
+				goto end;
+			}
+		} else {
+			// last pass, draw directly into the back buffer
+			glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
+			glDrawBuffers(1, (GLenum[]){GL_BACK});
+			if (have_scissors)
+				glEnable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
+			if (have_stencil)
+				glEnable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
+		}
+
+		glTexEnvi(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
+		glUseProgram(curr->prog);
+		if (curr->unifm_offset_x >= 0)
+			glUniform1f(curr->unifm_offset_x, texfac_x);
+		if (curr->unifm_offset_y >= 0)
+			glUniform1f(curr->unifm_offset_y, texfac_y);
+		if (curr->unifm_factor_center >= 0)
+			glUniform1f(curr->unifm_factor_center, factor_center);
+
+		// XXX use multiple draw calls is probably going to be slow than
+		//     just simply blur the whole area.
+
+		P_PAINTREG_START(crect) {
+			// Texture coordinates
+			const GLfloat texture_x1 = (crect.x1 - dx) * texfac_x;
+			const GLfloat texture_y1 = (crect.y1 - dy) * texfac_y;
+			const GLfloat texture_x2 =
+			    texture_x1 + (crect.x2 - crect.x1) * texfac_x;
+			const GLfloat texture_y2 =
+			    texture_y1 + (crect.y2 - crect.y1) * texfac_y;
+
+			// Vertex coordinates
+			// For passes before the last one, we are drawing into a buffer,
+			// so (dx, dy) from source maps to (0, 0)
+			GLfloat vx1 = crect.x1 - dx;
+			GLfloat vy1 = crect.y1 - dy;
+			if (i == npasses - 1) {
+				// For last pass, we are drawing back to source, so we
+				// don't need to map
+				vx1 = crect.x1;
+				vy1 = crect.y1;
+			}
+			GLfloat vx2 = vx1 + (crect.x2 - crect.x1);
+			GLfloat vy2 = vy1 + (crect.y2 - crect.y1);
+
+			GLfloat texture_x[] = {texture_x1, texture_x2, texture_x2,
+			                       texture_x1};
+			GLfloat texture_y[] = {texture_y1, texture_y1, texture_y2,
+			                       texture_y2};
+			GLint vx[] = {vx1, vx2, vx2, vx1};
+			GLint vy[] = {vy1, vy1, vy2, vy2};
+
+			for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
+				glTexCoord2f(texture_x[j], texture_y[j]);
+				glVertex3i(vx[j], vy[j], z);
+			}
+		}
+		P_PAINTREG_END();
+
+		glUseProgram(0);
+
+		// Swap tex_scr and tex_scr2
+		GLuint tmp = tex_scr2;
+		tex_scr2 = tex_scr;
+		tex_scr = tmp;
+	}
+
+	ret = true;
+
+end:
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
+	glBindTexture(tex_tgt, 0);
+	glDisable(tex_tgt);
+	if (have_scissors)
+		glEnable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
+	if (have_stencil)
+		glEnable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
+
+	if (&ibc == pbc) {
+		glDeleteTextures(1, &pbc->textures[0]);
+		glDeleteTextures(1, &pbc->textures[1]);
+		glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &pbc->fbo);
+	}
+
+	gl_check_err();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set clipping region on the target window.
+ */
+void gl_set_clip(const region_t *reg) {
+	glDisable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
+	glDisable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
+
+	if (!reg)
+		return;
+
+	int nrects;
+	const rect_t *rects = pixman_region32_rectangles((region_t *)reg, &nrects);
+
+	if (nrects == 1) {
+		glEnable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST);
+		glScissor(rects[0].x1, rects[0].y2, rects[0].x2 - rects[0].x1,
+		          rects[0].y2 - rects[0].y1);
+	}
+
+	gl_check_err();
+}
+
+static GLint glGetUniformLocationChecked(GLint prog, const char *name) {
+	GLint ret = glGetUniformLocation(prog, name);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		log_error("Failed to get location of uniform '%s'. Might be troublesome.",
+		          name);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Load a GLSL main program from shader strings.
+ */
+int gl_win_shader_from_string(session_t *ps, const char *vshader_str,
+                              const char *fshader_str, gl_win_shader_t *ret) {
+	// Build program
+	ret->prog = gl_create_program_from_str(vshader_str, fshader_str);
+	if (!ret->prog) {
+		log_error("Failed to create GLSL program.");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	// Get uniform addresses
+	ret->unifm_opacity = glGetUniformLocationChecked(ret->prog, "opacity");
+	ret->unifm_invert_color = glGetUniformLocationChecked(ret->prog, "invert_color");
+	ret->unifm_tex = glGetUniformLocationChecked(ret->prog, "tex");
+
+	gl_check_err();
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Callback to run on root window size change.
+ */
+void gl_resize(int width, int height) {
+	glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
+
+	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
+	glLoadIdentity();
+	glOrtho(0, width, 0, height, -1000.0, 1000.0);
+	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
+	glLoadIdentity();
+}
+
+static void attr_unused gl_destroy_win_shader(session_t *ps, gl_win_shader_t *shader) {
+	assert(shader);
+	assert(shader->prog);
+	glDeleteProgram(shader->prog);
+	shader->prog = 0;
+	shader->unifm_opacity = -1;
+	shader->unifm_invert_color = -1;
+	shader->unifm_tex = -1;
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/gl/gl_common.h b/src/backend/gl/gl_common.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..88628760
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/gl/gl_common.h
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <GL/gl.h>
+#include <GL/glext.h>
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+// Program and uniforms for window shader
+typedef struct {
+	/// GLSL program.
+	GLuint prog;
+	/// Location of uniform "opacity" in window GLSL program.
+	GLint unifm_opacity;
+	/// Location of uniform "invert_color" in blur GLSL program.
+	GLint unifm_invert_color;
+	/// Location of uniform "tex" in window GLSL program.
+	GLint unifm_tex;
+} gl_win_shader_t;
+
+// Program and uniforms for blur shader
+typedef struct {
+	/// Fragment shader for blur.
+	GLuint frag_shader;
+	/// GLSL program for blur.
+	GLuint prog;
+	/// Location of uniform "offset_x" in blur GLSL program.
+	GLint unifm_offset_x;
+	/// Location of uniform "offset_y" in blur GLSL program.
+	GLint unifm_offset_y;
+	/// Location of uniform "factor_center" in blur GLSL program.
+	GLint unifm_factor_center;
+} gl_blur_shader_t;
+
+/// @brief Wrapper of a binded GLX texture.
+typedef struct gl_texture {
+	GLuint texture;
+	GLenum target;
+	unsigned width;
+	unsigned height;
+	unsigned depth;
+	bool y_inverted;
+} gl_texture_t;
+
+// OpenGL capabilities
+typedef struct gl_cap {
+	bool non_power_of_two_texture;
+} gl_cap_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+	/// Framebuffer used for blurring.
+	GLuint fbo;
+	/// Textures used for blurring.
+	GLuint textures[2];
+	/// Width of the textures.
+	int width;
+	/// Height of the textures.
+	int height;
+} gl_blur_cache_t;
+
+#define GL_PROG_MAIN_INIT                                                                \
+	{ .prog = 0, .unifm_opacity = -1, .unifm_invert_color = -1, .unifm_tex = -1, }
+
+GLuint gl_create_shader(GLenum shader_type, const char *shader_str);
+GLuint gl_create_program(const GLuint *const shaders, int nshaders);
+GLuint
+gl_create_program_from_str(const char *vert_shader_str, const char *frag_shader_str);
+
+bool gl_load_prog_main(session_t *ps, const char *vshader_str, const char *fshader_str,
+                       gl_win_shader_t *pprogram);
+
+unsigned char *gl_take_screenshot(session_t *ps, int *out_length);
+void gl_resize(int width, int height);
+
+/**
+ * Get a textual representation of an OpenGL error.
+ */
+static inline const char *gl_get_err_str(GLenum err) {
+	switch (err) {
+		CASESTRRET(GL_NO_ERROR);
+		CASESTRRET(GL_INVALID_ENUM);
+		CASESTRRET(GL_INVALID_VALUE);
+		CASESTRRET(GL_INVALID_OPERATION);
+		CASESTRRET(GL_INVALID_FRAMEBUFFER_OPERATION);
+		CASESTRRET(GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY);
+		CASESTRRET(GL_STACK_UNDERFLOW);
+		CASESTRRET(GL_STACK_OVERFLOW);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check for GLX error.
+ *
+ * http://blog.nobel-joergensen.com/2013/01/29/debugging-opengl-using-glgeterror/
+ */
+static inline void gl_check_err_(const char *func, int line) {
+	GLenum err = GL_NO_ERROR;
+
+	while (GL_NO_ERROR != (err = glGetError())) {
+		const char *errtext = gl_get_err_str(err);
+		if (errtext) {
+			log_printf(tls_logger, LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, func,
+			           "GLX error at line %d: %s", line, errtext);
+		} else {
+			log_printf(tls_logger, LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, func,
+			           "GLX error at line %d: %d", line, err);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#define gl_check_err() gl_check_err_(__func__, __LINE__)
+
+/**
+ * Check if a GLX extension exists.
+ */
+static inline bool gl_has_extension(session_t *ps, const char *ext) {
+	GLint nexts = 0;
+	glGetIntegerv(GL_NUM_EXTENSIONS, &nexts);
+	if (!nexts) {
+		log_error("Failed get GL extension list.");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < nexts; i++) {
+		const char *exti = (const char *)glGetStringi(GL_EXTENSIONS, i);
+		if (strcmp(ext, exti) == 0)
+			return true;
+	}
+	log_info("Missing GL extension %s.", ext);
+	return false;
+}
+
+static inline void gl_free_blur_shader(gl_blur_shader_t *shader) {
+	if (shader->prog)
+		glDeleteShader(shader->prog);
+	if (shader->frag_shader)
+		glDeleteShader(shader->frag_shader);
+
+	shader->prog = 0;
+	shader->frag_shader = 0;
+}
+
+#define P_PAINTREG_START(var)                                                            \
+	do {                                                                             \
+		region_t reg_new;                                                        \
+		int nrects;                                                              \
+		const rect_t *rects;                                                     \
+		pixman_region32_init_rect(&reg_new, dx, dy, width, height);              \
+		pixman_region32_intersect(&reg_new, &reg_new, (region_t *)reg_tgt);      \
+		rects = pixman_region32_rectangles(&reg_new, &nrects);                   \
+		glBegin(GL_QUADS);                                                       \
+                                                                                         \
+		for (int ri = 0; ri < nrects; ++ri) {                                    \
+			rect_t var = rects[ri];
+
+#define P_PAINTREG_END()                                                                 \
+	}                                                                                \
+	glEnd();                                                                         \
+	pixman_region32_fini(&reg_new);                                                  \
+	}                                                                                \
+	while (0)
diff --git a/src/backend/gl/glx.c b/src/backend/gl/glx.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..59e565f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/gl/glx.c
@@ -0,0 +1,882 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+/*
+ * Compton - a compositor for X11
+ *
+ * Based on `xcompmgr` - Copyright (c) 2003, Keith Packard
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2013, Christopher Jeffrey
+ * See LICENSE-mit for more information.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <GL/glx.h>
+#include "backend/gl/glx.h"
+#include "backend/backend.h"
+#include "backend/gl/gl_common.h"
+
+/// @brief Wrapper of a GLX FBConfig.
+typedef struct {
+	GLXFBConfig cfg;
+	GLint texture_fmt;
+	GLint texture_tgts;
+	bool y_inverted;
+} glx_fbconfig_t;
+
+struct _glx_win_data {
+	gl_texture_t texture;
+	GLXPixmap glpixmap;
+	xcb_pixmap_t pixmap;
+};
+
+struct _glx_data {
+	int glx_event;
+	int glx_error;
+	GLXContext ctx;
+	gl_cap_t cap;
+	gl_blur_shader_t blur_shader[MAX_BLUR_PASS];
+
+	void (*glXBindTexImage)(Display *display, GLXDrawable drawable, int buffer,
+	                        const int *attrib_list);
+	void (*glXReleaseTexImage)(Display *display, GLXDrawable drawable, int buffer);
+};
+
+/**
+ * Check if a GLX extension exists.
+ */
+static inline bool glx_has_extension(session_t *ps, const char *ext) {
+	const char *glx_exts = glXQueryExtensionsString(ps->dpy, ps->scr);
+	if (!glx_exts) {
+		log_error("Failed get GLX extension list.");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	int len = strlen(ext);
+	char *found = strstr(glx_exts, ext);
+	if (!found)
+		log_info("Missing GLX extension %s.", ext);
+
+	// Make sure extension names are not crazy...
+	assert(found[len] == ' ' || found[len] == 0);
+	return found != NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Release binding of a texture.
+ */
+void glx_release_pixmap(struct _glx_data *gd, Display *dpy, struct _glx_win_data *wd) {
+	// Release binding
+	if (wd->glpixmap && wd->texture.texture) {
+		glBindTexture(wd->texture.target, wd->texture.texture);
+		gd->glXReleaseTexImage(dpy, wd->glpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT);
+		glBindTexture(wd->texture.target, 0);
+	}
+
+	// Free GLX Pixmap
+	if (wd->glpixmap) {
+		glXDestroyPixmap(dpy, wd->glpixmap);
+		wd->glpixmap = 0;
+	}
+
+	gl_check_err();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Free a glx_texture_t.
+ */
+static void glx_release_win(struct _glx_data *gd, Display *dpy, gl_texture_t *ptex) {
+	glx_release_pixmap(gd, dpy, ptex);
+	glDeleteTextures(1, &ptex->texture);
+
+	// Free structure itself
+	free(ptex);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Free GLX part of win.
+ */
+static inline void free_win_res_glx(session_t *ps, win *w) {
+	/*free_paint_glx(ps, &w->paint);*/
+	/*free_paint_glx(ps, &w->shadow_paint);*/
+	/*free_glx_bc(ps, &w->glx_blur_cache);*/
+}
+>>>>>>> 4bc5ef8... wip glx backend:src/backend/gl/glx.c
+
+static inline int glx_cmp_fbconfig_cmpattr(session_t *ps, const glx_fbconfig_t *pfbc_a,
+                                           const glx_fbconfig_t *pfbc_b, int attr) {
+	int attr_a = 0, attr_b = 0;
+
+	// TODO: Error checking
+	glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, pfbc_a->cfg, attr, &attr_a);
+	glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, pfbc_b->cfg, attr, &attr_b);
+
+	return attr_a - attr_b;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compare two GLX FBConfig's to find the preferred one.
+ */
+static int glx_cmp_fbconfig(session_t *ps, const glx_fbconfig_t *pfbc_a,
+                            const glx_fbconfig_t *pfbc_b) {
+	int result = 0;
+
+	if (!pfbc_a)
+		return -1;
+	if (!pfbc_b)
+		return 1;
+	int tmpattr;
+
+	// Avoid 10-bit colors
+	glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, pfbc_a->cfg, GLX_RED_SIZE, &tmpattr);
+	if (tmpattr != 8)
+		return -1;
+
+	glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, pfbc_b->cfg, GLX_RED_SIZE, &tmpattr);
+	if (tmpattr != 8)
+		return 1;
+
+#define P_CMPATTR_LT(attr)                                                               \
+	{                                                                                \
+		if ((result = glx_cmp_fbconfig_cmpattr(ps, pfbc_a, pfbc_b, (attr))))     \
+			return -result;                                                  \
+	}
+#define P_CMPATTR_GT(attr)                                                               \
+	{                                                                                \
+		if ((result = glx_cmp_fbconfig_cmpattr(ps, pfbc_a, pfbc_b, (attr))))     \
+			return result;                                                   \
+	}
+
+	P_CMPATTR_LT(GLX_BIND_TO_TEXTURE_RGBA_EXT);
+	P_CMPATTR_LT(GLX_DOUBLEBUFFER);
+	P_CMPATTR_LT(GLX_STENCIL_SIZE);
+	P_CMPATTR_LT(GLX_DEPTH_SIZE);
+	P_CMPATTR_GT(GLX_BIND_TO_MIPMAP_TEXTURE_EXT);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Update the FBConfig of given depth.
+ */
+static inline void
+glx_update_fbconfig_bydepth(session_t *ps, int depth, glx_fbconfig_t *pfbcfg) {
+	// Make sure the depth is sane
+	if (depth < 0 || depth > OPENGL_MAX_DEPTH)
+		return;
+
+	// Compare new FBConfig with current one
+	if (glx_cmp_fbconfig(ps, ps->psglx->fbconfigs[depth], pfbcfg) < 0) {
+		log_debug(
+		    "(depth %d): %p overrides %p, target %#x.\n", depth, pfbcfg->cfg,
+		    ps->psglx->fbconfigs[depth] ? ps->psglx->fbconfigs[depth]->cfg : 0,
+		    pfbcfg->texture_tgts);
+		if (!ps->psglx->fbconfigs[depth]) {
+			ps->psglx->fbconfigs[depth] = cmalloc(glx_fbconfig_t);
+		}
+		(*ps->psglx->fbconfigs[depth]) = *pfbcfg;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get GLX FBConfigs for all depths.
+ */
+static bool glx_update_fbconfig(session_t *ps) {
+	// Acquire all FBConfigs and loop through them
+	int nele = 0;
+	GLXFBConfig *pfbcfgs = glXGetFBConfigs(ps->dpy, ps->scr, &nele);
+
+	for (GLXFBConfig *pcur = pfbcfgs; pcur < pfbcfgs + nele; pcur++) {
+		glx_fbconfig_t fbinfo = {
+		    .cfg = *pcur,
+		    .texture_fmt = 0,
+		    .texture_tgts = 0,
+		    .y_inverted = false,
+		};
+		int id = (int)(pcur - pfbcfgs);
+		int depth = 0, depth_alpha = 0, val = 0;
+
+		// Skip over multi-sampled visuals
+		// http://people.freedesktop.org/~glisse/0001-glx-do-not-use-multisample-visual-config-for-front-o.patch
+#ifdef GLX_SAMPLES
+		if (Success == glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, *pcur, GLX_SAMPLES, &val) &&
+		    val > 1)
+			continue;
+#endif
+
+		if (Success !=
+		        glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, *pcur, GLX_BUFFER_SIZE, &depth) ||
+		    Success != glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, *pcur, GLX_ALPHA_SIZE,
+		                                    &depth_alpha)) {
+			log_error("Failed to retrieve buffer size and alpha size of "
+			          "FBConfig %d.",
+			          id);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (Success != glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, *pcur,
+		                                    GLX_BIND_TO_TEXTURE_TARGETS_EXT,
+		                                    &fbinfo.texture_tgts)) {
+			log_error("Failed to retrieve BIND_TO_TEXTURE_TARGETS_EXT of "
+			          "FBConfig %d.",
+			          id);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		int visualdepth = 0;
+		{
+			XVisualInfo *pvi = glXGetVisualFromFBConfig(ps->dpy, *pcur);
+			if (!pvi) {
+				// On nvidia-drivers-325.08 this happens slightly too often...
+				// log_error("Failed to retrieve X Visual of FBConfig %d.", id);
+				continue;
+			}
+			visualdepth = pvi->depth;
+			cxfree(pvi);
+		}
+
+		bool rgb = false;
+		bool rgba = false;
+
+		if (depth >= 32 && depth_alpha &&
+		    Success == glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, *pcur,
+		                                    GLX_BIND_TO_TEXTURE_RGBA_EXT, &val) &&
+		    val)
+			rgba = true;
+
+		if (Success == glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, *pcur,
+		                                    GLX_BIND_TO_TEXTURE_RGB_EXT, &val) &&
+		    val)
+			rgb = true;
+
+		if (Success ==
+		    glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, *pcur, GLX_Y_INVERTED_EXT, &val))
+			fbinfo.y_inverted = val;
+
+		{
+			int tgtdpt = depth - depth_alpha;
+			if (tgtdpt == visualdepth && tgtdpt < 32 && rgb) {
+				fbinfo.texture_fmt = GLX_TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGB_EXT;
+				glx_update_fbconfig_bydepth(ps, tgtdpt, &fbinfo);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (depth == visualdepth && rgba) {
+			fbinfo.texture_fmt = GLX_TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGBA_EXT;
+			glx_update_fbconfig_bydepth(ps, depth, &fbinfo);
+		}
+	}
+
+	cxfree(pfbcfgs);
+
+	// Sanity checks
+	if (!ps->psglx->fbconfigs[ps->depth]) {
+		log_error("No FBConfig found for default depth %d.", ps->depth);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (!ps->psglx->fbconfigs[32]) {
+		log_error("No FBConfig found for depth 32. Expect crazy things.");
+	}
+
+	log_trace("%d-bit: %p, 32-bit: %p", ps->depth,
+	          ps->psglx->fbconfigs[ps->depth]->cfg, ps->psglx->fbconfigs[32]->cfg);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_GLX_DEBUG_CONTEXT
+static inline GLXFBConfig
+get_fbconfig_from_visualinfo(session_t *ps, const XVisualInfo *visualinfo) {
+	int nelements = 0;
+	GLXFBConfig *fbconfigs = glXGetFBConfigs(ps->dpy, visualinfo->screen, &nelements);
+	for (int i = 0; i < nelements; ++i) {
+		int visual_id = 0;
+		if (Success == glXGetFBConfigAttrib(ps->dpy, fbconfigs[i], GLX_VISUAL_ID,
+		                                    &visual_id) &&
+		    visual_id == visualinfo->visualid)
+			return fbconfigs[i];
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void
+glx_debug_msg_callback(GLenum source, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum severity,
+                       GLsizei length, const GLchar *message, GLvoid *userParam) {
+	log_trace("(): source 0x%04X, type 0x%04X, id %u, severity 0x%0X, \"%s\"", source,
+	          type, id, severity, message);
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Destroy GLX related resources.
+ */
+void glx_deinit(void *backend_data, session_t *ps) {
+	struct _glx_data *gd = backend_data;
+
+	// Free all GLX resources of windows
+	for (win *w = ps->list; w; w = w->next)
+		free_win_res_glx(ps, w);
+
+	// Free GLSL shaders/programs
+	for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BLUR_PASS; ++i) {
+		gl_free_blur_shader(&gd->blur_shader[i]);
+	}
+
+	glx_free_prog_main(ps, &ps->o.glx_prog_win);
+
+	gl_check_err();
+
+	// Free FBConfigs
+	for (int i = 0; i <= OPENGL_MAX_DEPTH; ++i) {
+		free(ps->psglx->fbconfigs[i]);
+		ps->psglx->fbconfigs[i] = NULL;
+	}
+
+	// Destroy GLX context
+	if (gd->ctx) {
+		glXDestroyContext(ps->dpy, gd->ctx);
+		gd->ctx = 0;
+	}
+
+	free(gd);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize OpenGL.
+ */
+void *glx_init(session_t *ps) {
+	bool success = false;
+	auto gd = ccalloc(1, struct _glx_data);
+	XVisualInfo *pvis = NULL;
+
+	// Check for GLX extension
+	if (!glXQueryExtension(ps->dpy, &gd->glx_event, &gd->glx_error)) {
+		log_error("No GLX extension.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	// Get XVisualInfo
+	int nitems = 0;
+	XVisualInfo vreq = {.visualid = ps->vis};
+	pvis = XGetVisualInfo(ps->dpy, VisualIDMask, &vreq, &nitems);
+	if (!pvis) {
+		log_error("Failed to acquire XVisualInfo for current visual.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	// Ensure the visual is double-buffered
+	int value = 0;
+	if (glXGetConfig(ps->dpy, pvis, GLX_USE_GL, &value) || !value) {
+		log_error("Root visual is not a GL visual.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	if (glXGetConfig(ps->dpy, pvis, GLX_DOUBLEBUFFER, &value) || !value) {
+		log_error("Root visual is not a double buffered GL visual.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	// Ensure GLX_EXT_texture_from_pixmap exists
+	if (!glx_has_extension(ps, "GLX_EXT_texture_from_pixmap"))
+		goto end;
+
+	// Initialize GLX data structure
+	for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BLUR_PASS; ++i) {
+		gd->blur_shader[i] = (gl_blur_shader_t){.frag_shader = -1,
+		                                        .prog = -1,
+		                                        .unifm_offset_x = -1,
+		                                        .unifm_offset_y = -1,
+		                                        .unifm_factor_center = -1};
+	}
+
+	// Get GLX context
+	gd->ctx = glXCreateContext(ps->dpy, pvis, None, GL_TRUE);
+
+	if (!gd->ctx) {
+		log_error("Failed to get GLX context.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	// Attach GLX context
+	GLXDrawable tgt = ps->overlay;
+	if (!tgt) {
+		tgt = ps->root;
+	}
+	if (!glXMakeCurrent(ps->dpy, tgt, gd->ctx)) {
+		log_error("Failed to attach GLX context.");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_GLX_DEBUG_CONTEXT
+	f_DebugMessageCallback p_DebugMessageCallback =
+	    (f_DebugMessageCallback)glXGetProcAddress((const GLubyte *)"glDebugMessageCal"
+	                                                               "lback");
+	if (!p_DebugMessageCallback) {
+		log_error("Failed to get glDebugMessageCallback(0.");
+		goto glx_init_end;
+	}
+	p_DebugMessageCallback(glx_debug_msg_callback, ps);
+#endif
+
+	// Ensure we have a stencil buffer. X Fixes does not guarantee rectangles
+	// in regions don't overlap, so we must use stencil buffer to make sure
+	// we don't paint a region for more than one time, I think?
+	if (!ps->o.glx_no_stencil) {
+		GLint val = 0;
+		glGetIntegerv(GL_STENCIL_BITS, &val);
+		if (!val) {
+			log_error("Target window doesn't have stencil buffer.");
+			goto end;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check GL_ARB_texture_non_power_of_two, requires a GLX context and
+	// must precede FBConfig fetching
+	gd->cap.non_power_of_two_texture = gl_has_extension(ps, "GL_ARB_texture_non_"
+	                                                        "power_of_two");
+
+	// Acquire function addresses
+#if 0
+  psglx->glStringMarkerGREMEDY = (f_StringMarkerGREMEDY)
+    glXGetProcAddress((const GLubyte *) "glStringMarkerGREMEDY");
+  psglx->glFrameTerminatorGREMEDY = (f_FrameTerminatorGREMEDY)
+    glXGetProcAddress((const GLubyte *) "glFrameTerminatorGREMEDY");
+#endif
+
+	gd->glXBindTexImage = (void *)glXGetProcAddress((const GLubyte *)"glXBindTexImage"
+	                                                                 "EXT");
+	gd->glXReleaseTexImage = (void *)glXGetProcAddress((const GLubyte *)"glXReleaseTe"
+	                                                                    "xImageEXT");
+	if (!gd->glXBindTexImage || !gd->glXReleaseTexImage) {
+		log_error("Failed to acquire glXBindTexImageEXT() and/or "
+		          "glXReleaseTexImageEXT(), make sure your OpenGL supports"
+		          "GLX_EXT_texture_from_pixmap");
+		goto end;
+	}
+
+	// Acquire FBConfigs
+	if (!glx_update_fbconfig(ps))
+		goto end;
+
+	// Render preparations
+	gl_resize(ps->root_width, ps->root_height);
+
+	glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+	glDepthMask(GL_FALSE);
+	glTexEnvi(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
+	glDisable(GL_BLEND);
+
+	if (!ps->o.glx_no_stencil) {
+		// Initialize stencil buffer
+		glClear(GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
+		glDisable(GL_STENCIL_TEST);
+		glStencilMask(0x1);
+		glStencilFunc(GL_EQUAL, 0x1, 0x1);
+	}
+
+	// Clear screen
+	glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
+	// glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+	// glXSwapBuffers(ps->dpy, get_tgt_window(ps));
+
+	success = true;
+
+end:
+	cxfree(pvis);
+
+	if (!success) {
+		glx_deinit(gd, ps);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	return gd;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize GLX blur filter.
+ */
+bool glx_init_blur(session_t *ps) {
+	assert(ps->o.blur_kerns[0]);
+
+	// Allocate PBO if more than one blur kernel is present
+	if (ps->o.blur_kerns[1]) {
+		// Try to generate a framebuffer
+		GLuint fbo = 0;
+		glGenFramebuffers(1, &fbo);
+		if (!fbo) {
+			log_error("Failed to generate Framebuffer. Cannot do "
+			          "multi-pass blur with GLX backend.");
+			return false;
+		}
+		glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &fbo);
+	}
+
+	{
+		char *lc_numeric_old = strdup(setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, NULL));
+		// Enforce LC_NUMERIC locale "C" here to make sure decimal point is sane
+		// Thanks to hiciu for reporting.
+		setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
+
+		static const char *FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_PREFIX = "#version 110\n"
+		                                             "%s"
+		                                             "uniform float offset_x;\n"
+		                                             "uniform float offset_y;\n"
+		                                             "uniform float "
+		                                             "factor_center;\n"
+		                                             "uniform %s tex_scr;\n"
+		                                             "\n"
+		                                             "void main() {\n"
+		                                             "  vec4 sum = vec4(0.0, "
+		                                             "0.0, 0.0, 0.0);\n";
+		static const char *FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_ADD = "  sum += float(%.7g) * "
+		                                          "%s(tex_scr, "
+		                                          "vec2(gl_TexCoord[0].x + "
+		                                          "offset_x * float(%d), "
+		                                          "gl_TexCoord[0].y + offset_y * "
+		                                          "float(%d)));\n";
+		static const char *FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_ADD_GPUSHADER4 = "  sum += "
+		                                                     "float(%.7g) * "
+		                                                     "%sOffset(tex_scr, "
+		                                                     "vec2(gl_TexCoord[0]"
+		                                                     ".x, "
+		                                                     "gl_TexCoord[0].y), "
+		                                                     "ivec2(%d, %d));\n";
+		static const char *FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_SUFFIX = "  sum += %s(tex_scr, "
+		                                             "vec2(gl_TexCoord[0].x, "
+		                                             "gl_TexCoord[0].y)) * "
+		                                             "factor_center;\n"
+		                                             "  gl_FragColor = sum / "
+		                                             "(factor_center + "
+		                                             "float(%.7g));\n"
+		                                             "}\n";
+
+		const bool use_texture_rect = !ps->psglx->has_texture_non_power_of_two;
+		const char *sampler_type =
+		    (use_texture_rect ? "sampler2DRect" : "sampler2D");
+		const char *texture_func =
+		    (use_texture_rect ? "texture2DRect" : "texture2D");
+		const char *shader_add = FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_ADD;
+		char *extension = strdup("");
+		if (use_texture_rect)
+			mstrextend(&extension, "#extension GL_ARB_texture_rectangle : "
+			                       "require\n");
+		if (ps->o.glx_use_gpushader4) {
+			mstrextend(&extension, "#extension GL_EXT_gpu_shader4 : "
+			                       "require\n");
+			shader_add = FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_ADD_GPUSHADER4;
+		}
+
+		for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BLUR_PASS && ps->o.blur_kerns[i]; ++i) {
+			xcb_render_fixed_t *kern = ps->o.blur_kerns[i];
+			if (!kern)
+				break;
+
+			glx_blur_pass_t *ppass = &ps->psglx->blur_passes[i];
+
+			// Build shader
+			{
+				int wid = XFIXED_TO_DOUBLE(kern[0]),
+				    hei = XFIXED_TO_DOUBLE(kern[1]);
+				int nele = wid * hei - 1;
+				unsigned int len =
+				    strlen(FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_PREFIX) +
+				    strlen(sampler_type) + strlen(extension) +
+				    (strlen(shader_add) + strlen(texture_func) + 42) *
+				        nele +
+				    strlen(FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_SUFFIX) +
+				    strlen(texture_func) + 12 + 1;
+				char *shader_str = ccalloc(len, char);
+				char *pc = shader_str;
+				sprintf(pc, FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_PREFIX, extension,
+				        sampler_type);
+				pc += strlen(pc);
+				assert(strlen(shader_str) < len);
+
+				double sum = 0.0;
+				for (int j = 0; j < hei; ++j) {
+					for (int k = 0; k < wid; ++k) {
+						if (hei / 2 == j && wid / 2 == k)
+							continue;
+						double val = XFIXED_TO_DOUBLE(
+						    kern[2 + j * wid + k]);
+						if (0.0 == val)
+							continue;
+						sum += val;
+						sprintf(pc, shader_add, val, texture_func,
+						        k - wid / 2, j - hei / 2);
+						pc += strlen(pc);
+						assert(strlen(shader_str) < len);
+					}
+				}
+
+				sprintf(pc, FRAG_SHADER_BLUR_SUFFIX, texture_func, sum);
+				assert(strlen(shader_str) < len);
+				ppass->frag_shader =
+				    glx_create_shader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, shader_str);
+				free(shader_str);
+			}
+
+			if (!ppass->frag_shader) {
+				log_error("Failed to create fragment shader %d.", i);
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			// Build program
+			ppass->prog = glx_create_program(&ppass->frag_shader, 1);
+			if (!ppass->prog) {
+				log_error("Failed to create GLSL program.");
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			// Get uniform addresses
+#define P_GET_UNIFM_LOC(name, target)                                                    \
+	{                                                                                \
+		ppass->target = glGetUniformLocation(ppass->prog, name);                 \
+		if (ppass->target < 0) {                                                 \
+			log_error("Failed to get location of %d-th uniform '" name "'. " \
+			                                                           "Mig" \
+			                                                           "ht " \
+			                                                           "be " \
+			                                                           "tro" \
+			                                                           "ubl" \
+			                                                           "eso" \
+			                                                           "me"  \
+			                                                           ".",  \
+			          i);                                                    \
+		}                                                                        \
+	}
+
+			P_GET_UNIFM_LOC("factor_center", unifm_factor_center);
+			if (!ps->o.glx_use_gpushader4) {
+				P_GET_UNIFM_LOC("offset_x", unifm_offset_x);
+				P_GET_UNIFM_LOC("offset_y", unifm_offset_y);
+			}
+
+#undef P_GET_UNIFM_LOC
+		}
+		free(extension);
+
+		// Restore LC_NUMERIC
+		setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, lc_numeric_old);
+		free(lc_numeric_old);
+	}
+
+	glx_check_err(ps);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Bind a X pixmap to an OpenGL texture.
+ */
+bool glx_render_win(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t **pptex, xcb_pixmap_t pixmap,
+                    unsigned width, unsigned height, unsigned depth) {
+	if (ps->o.backend != BKEND_GLX && ps->o.backend != BKEND_XR_GLX_HYBRID)
+		return true;
+
+	if (!pixmap) {
+		log_error("Binding to an empty pixmap %#010x. This can't work.", pixmap);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	glx_texture_t *ptex = *pptex;
+	bool need_release = true;
+
+	// Allocate structure
+	if (!ptex) {
+		static const glx_texture_t GLX_TEX_DEF = {
+		    .texture = 0,
+		    .glpixmap = 0,
+		    .pixmap = 0,
+		    .target = 0,
+		    .width = 0,
+		    .height = 0,
+		    .depth = 0,
+		    .y_inverted = false,
+		};
+
+		ptex = cmalloc(glx_texture_t);
+		memcpy(ptex, &GLX_TEX_DEF, sizeof(glx_texture_t));
+		*pptex = ptex;
+	}
+
+	// Release pixmap if parameters are inconsistent
+	if (ptex->texture && ptex->pixmap != pixmap) {
+		glx_release_pixmap(ps, ptex);
+	}
+
+	// Create GLX pixmap
+	if (!ptex->glpixmap) {
+		need_release = false;
+
+		// Retrieve pixmap parameters, if they aren't provided
+		if (!(width && height && depth)) {
+			Window rroot = None;
+			int rx = 0, ry = 0;
+			unsigned rbdwid = 0;
+			if (!XGetGeometry(ps->dpy, pixmap, &rroot, &rx, &ry, &width,
+			                  &height, &rbdwid, &depth)) {
+				log_error("Failed to query info of pixmap %#010x.", pixmap);
+				return false;
+			}
+			if (depth > OPENGL_MAX_DEPTH) {
+				log_error("Requested depth %d higher than max possible "
+				          "depth %d.",
+				          depth, OPENGL_MAX_DEPTH);
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+
+		const glx_fbconfig_t *pcfg = ps->psglx->fbconfigs[depth];
+		if (!pcfg) {
+			log_error("Couldn't find FBConfig with requested depth %d", depth);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		// Choose a suitable texture target for our pixmap.
+		// Refer to GLX_EXT_texture_om_pixmap spec to see what are the mean
+		// of the bits in texture_tgts
+		GLenum tex_tgt = 0;
+		if (GLX_TEXTURE_2D_BIT_EXT & pcfg->texture_tgts &&
+		    ps->psglx->has_texture_non_power_of_two)
+			tex_tgt = GLX_TEXTURE_2D_EXT;
+		else if (GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_BIT_EXT & pcfg->texture_tgts)
+			tex_tgt = GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_EXT;
+		else if (!(GLX_TEXTURE_2D_BIT_EXT & pcfg->texture_tgts))
+			tex_tgt = GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_EXT;
+		else
+			tex_tgt = GLX_TEXTURE_2D_EXT;
+
+		log_debug("depth %d, tgt %#x, rgba %d\n", depth, tex_tgt,
+		          (GLX_TEXTURE_FORMAT_RGBA_EXT == pcfg->texture_fmt));
+
+		GLint attrs[] = {
+		    GLX_TEXTURE_FORMAT_EXT,
+		    pcfg->texture_fmt,
+		    GLX_TEXTURE_TARGET_EXT,
+		    tex_tgt,
+		    0,
+		};
+
+		ptex->glpixmap = glXCreatePixmap(ps->dpy, pcfg->cfg, pixmap, attrs);
+		ptex->pixmap = pixmap;
+		ptex->target =
+		    (GLX_TEXTURE_2D_EXT == tex_tgt ? GL_TEXTURE_2D : GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE);
+		ptex->width = width;
+		ptex->height = height;
+		ptex->depth = depth;
+		ptex->y_inverted = pcfg->y_inverted;
+	}
+	if (!ptex->glpixmap) {
+		log_error("Failed to allocate GLX pixmap.");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	glEnable(ptex->target);
+
+	// Create texture
+	if (!ptex->texture) {
+		need_release = false;
+
+		GLuint texture = 0;
+		glGenTextures(1, &texture);
+		glBindTexture(ptex->target, texture);
+
+		glTexParameteri(ptex->target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+		glTexParameteri(ptex->target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+		glTexParameteri(ptex->target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+		glTexParameteri(ptex->target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+
+		glBindTexture(ptex->target, 0);
+
+		ptex->texture = texture;
+	}
+	if (!ptex->texture) {
+		log_error("Failed to allocate texture.");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	glBindTexture(ptex->target, ptex->texture);
+
+	// The specification requires rebinding whenever the content changes...
+	// We can't follow this, too slow.
+	if (need_release)
+		ps->psglx->glXReleaseTexImageProc(ps->dpy, ptex->glpixmap,
+		                                  GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT);
+
+	ps->psglx->glXBindTexImageProc(ps->dpy, ptex->glpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT, NULL);
+
+	// Cleanup
+	glBindTexture(ptex->target, 0);
+	glDisable(ptex->target);
+
+	glx_check_err(ps);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+#if 0
+/**
+ * Preprocess function before start painting.
+ */
+void
+glx_paint_pre(session_t *ps, region_t *preg) {
+  ps->psglx->z = 0.0;
+  // glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+
+  // Get buffer age
+  bool trace_damage = (ps->o.glx_swap_method < 0 || ps->o.glx_swap_method > 1);
+
+  // Trace raw damage regions
+  region_t newdamage;
+  pixman_region32_init(&newdamage);
+  if (trace_damage)
+    copy_region(&newdamage, preg);
+
+  // We use GLX buffer_age extension to decide which pixels in
+  // the back buffer is reusable, and limit our redrawing
+  int buffer_age = 0;
+
+  // Query GLX_EXT_buffer_age for buffer age
+  if (ps->o.glx_swap_method == SWAPM_BUFFER_AGE) {
+    unsigned val = 0;
+    glXQueryDrawable(ps->dpy, get_tgt_window(ps),
+        GLX_BACK_BUFFER_AGE_EXT, &val);
+    buffer_age = val;
+  }
+
+  // Buffer age too high
+  if (buffer_age > CGLX_MAX_BUFFER_AGE + 1)
+    buffer_age = 0;
+
+  assert(buffer_age >= 0);
+
+  if (buffer_age) {
+    // Determine paint area
+      for (int i = 0; i < buffer_age - 1; ++i)
+        pixman_region32_union(preg, preg, &ps->all_damage_last[i]);
+  } else
+    // buffer_age == 0 means buffer age is not available, paint everything
+    copy_region(preg, &ps->screen_reg);
+
+  if (trace_damage) {
+    // XXX use a circular queue instead of memmove
+    pixman_region32_fini(&ps->all_damage_last[CGLX_MAX_BUFFER_AGE - 1]);
+    memmove(ps->all_damage_last + 1, ps->all_damage_last,
+        (CGLX_MAX_BUFFER_AGE - 1) * sizeof(region_t *));
+    ps->all_damage_last[0] = newdamage;
+  }
+
+  glx_set_clip(ps, preg);
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_GLX_PAINTREG
+  glx_render_color(ps, 0, 0, ps->root_width, ps->root_height, 0, *preg, NULL);
+#endif
+
+  glx_check_err(ps);
+}
+#endif
+
+backend_info_t glx_backend = {
+    .init = glx_init,
+
+};
diff --git a/src/backend/gl/glx.h b/src/backend/gl/glx.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2fa2f2f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/gl/glx.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+/*
+ * Compton - a compositor for X11
+ *
+ * Based on `xcompmgr` - Copyright (c) 2003, Keith Packard
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2013, Christopher Jeffrey
+ * See LICENSE-mit for more information.
+ *
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <GL/gl.h>
+#include <GL/glx.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+void
+glx_destroy(session_t *ps);
+
+bool
+glx_reinit(session_t *ps, bool need_render);
+
+void
+glx_on_root_change(session_t *ps);
+
+bool
+glx_bind_pixmap(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t **pptex, xcb_pixmap_t pixmap,
+    unsigned width, unsigned height, unsigned depth);
+
+void
+glx_release_pixmap(session_t *ps, glx_texture_t *ptex);
+
+void glx_paint_pre(session_t *ps, region_t *preg)
+__attribute__((nonnull(1, 2)));
+
+/**
+ * Check if a texture is binded, or is binded to the given pixmap.
+ */
+static inline bool
+glx_tex_binded(const glx_texture_t *ptex, xcb_pixmap_t pixmap) {
+  return ptex && ptex->glpixmap && ptex->texture
+    && (!pixmap || pixmap == ptex->pixmap);
+}
+
diff --git a/src/backend/meson.build b/src/backend/meson.build
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a8143459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/meson.build
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# enable xrender
+
+if get_option('new_backends')
+  srcs += [ files('xrender.c', 'backend.c', 'backend_common.c') ]
+
+  # enable opengl
+  if get_option('opengl')
+    srcs += [ files('gl/gl_common.c') ]
+    deps += [ dependency('gl', required: true) ]
+    cflags += [ '-DGL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES' ]
+  endif
+endif
diff --git a/src/backend/xrender.c b/src/backend/xrender.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5c388eb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/backend/xrender.c
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include "backend/backend.h"
+#include "backend_common.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+#include "win.h"
+
+#define auto __auto_type
+
+typedef struct _xrender_data {
+	/// The painting target drawable
+	xcb_drawable_t target_draw;
+	/// The painting target, it is either the root or the overlay
+	xcb_render_picture_t target;
+	/// A buffer of the image to paint
+	xcb_render_picture_t target_buffer;
+	/// The original root window content, usually the wallpaper.
+	/// We save it so we don't loss the wallpaper when we paint over
+	/// it.
+	xcb_render_picture_t root_pict;
+	/// Pictures of pixel of different alpha value, used as a mask to
+	/// paint transparent images
+	xcb_render_picture_t alpha_pict[256];
+
+	// XXX don't know if these are really needed
+
+	/// 1x1 white picture
+	xcb_render_picture_t white_pixel;
+	/// 1x1 black picture
+	xcb_render_picture_t black_pixel;
+
+	/// 1x1 picture of the shadow color
+	xcb_render_picture_t shadow_pixel;
+} xrender_data;
+
+#if 0
+/**
+ * Paint root window content.
+ */
+static void
+paint_root(session_t *ps, const region_t *reg_paint) {
+  if (!ps->root_tile_paint.pixmap)
+    get_root_tile(ps);
+
+  paint_region(ps, NULL, 0, 0, ps->root_width, ps->root_height, 1.0, reg_paint,
+    ps->root_tile_paint.pict);
+}
+#endif
+
+struct _xrender_win_data {
+	// Pixmap that the client window draws to,
+	// it will contain the content of client window.
+	xcb_pixmap_t pixmap;
+	// A Picture links to the Pixmap
+	xcb_render_picture_t pict;
+	// A buffer used for rendering
+	xcb_render_picture_t buffer;
+	// The rendered content of the window (dimmed, inverted
+	// color, etc.). This is either `buffer` or `pict`
+	xcb_render_picture_t rendered_pict;
+	xcb_pixmap_t shadow_pixmap;
+	xcb_render_picture_t shadow_pict;
+};
+
+static void compose(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w, void *win_data, int dst_x,
+                    int dst_y, const region_t *reg_paint) {
+	struct _xrender_data *xd = backend_data;
+	struct _xrender_win_data *wd = win_data;
+	bool blend = default_is_frame_transparent(NULL, w, win_data) ||
+	             default_is_win_transparent(NULL, w, win_data);
+	int op = (blend ? XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_OVER : XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_SRC);
+	auto alpha_pict = xd->alpha_pict[(int)(((double)w->opacity / OPAQUE) * 255.0)];
+
+	// XXX Move shadow drawing into a separate function,
+	//     also do shadow excluding outside of backend
+	// XXX This is needed to implement full-shadow
+	if (w->shadow) {
+		// Put shadow on background
+		region_t shadow_reg = win_extents_by_val(w);
+		region_t bshape = win_get_bounding_shape_global_by_val(w);
+		region_t reg_tmp;
+		pixman_region32_init(&reg_tmp);
+		// Shadow doesn't need to be painted underneath the body of the window
+		// Because no one can see it
+		pixman_region32_subtract(&reg_tmp, &shadow_reg, w->reg_ignore);
+
+		// Mask out the region we don't want shadow on
+		if (pixman_region32_not_empty(&ps->shadow_exclude_reg))
+			pixman_region32_subtract(&reg_tmp, &reg_tmp,
+			                         &ps->shadow_exclude_reg);
+
+		// Might be worth while to crop the region to shadow border
+		pixman_region32_intersect_rect(&reg_tmp, &reg_tmp, w->g.x + w->shadow_dx,
+		                               w->g.y + w->shadow_dy, w->shadow_width,
+		                               w->shadow_height);
+
+		// Crop the shadow to the damage region. If we draw out side of
+		// the damage region, we could be drawing over perfectly good
+		// content, and destroying it.
+		pixman_region32_intersect(&reg_tmp, &reg_tmp, (region_t *)reg_paint);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_XINERAMA
+		if (ps->o.xinerama_shadow_crop && w->xinerama_scr >= 0 &&
+		    w->xinerama_scr < ps->xinerama_nscrs)
+			// There can be a window where number of screens is updated,
+			// but the screen number attached to the windows have not.
+			//
+			// Window screen number will be updated eventually, so here we
+			// just check to make sure we don't access out of bounds.
+			pixman_region32_intersect(
+			    &reg_tmp, &reg_tmp, &ps->xinerama_scr_regs[w->xinerama_scr]);
+#endif
+
+		// Mask out the body of the window from the shadow
+		// Doing it here instead of in make_shadow() for saving GPU
+		// power and handling shaped windows (XXX unconfirmed)
+		pixman_region32_subtract(&reg_tmp, &reg_tmp, &bshape);
+		pixman_region32_fini(&bshape);
+
+		// Detect if the region is empty before painting
+		if (pixman_region32_not_empty(&reg_tmp)) {
+			x_set_picture_clip_region(ps, xd->target_buffer, 0, 0, &reg_tmp);
+			xcb_render_composite(
+			    ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_OVER, wd->shadow_pict, alpha_pict,
+			    xd->target_buffer, 0, 0, 0, 0, dst_x + w->shadow_dx,
+			    dst_y + w->shadow_dy, w->shadow_width, w->shadow_height);
+		}
+		pixman_region32_fini(&reg_tmp);
+		pixman_region32_fini(&shadow_reg);
+	}
+
+	// Clip region of rendered_pict might be set during rendering, clear it to make
+	// sure we get everything into the buffer
+	x_clear_picture_clip_region(ps, wd->rendered_pict);
+
+	x_set_picture_clip_region(ps, xd->target_buffer, 0, 0, reg_paint);
+	xcb_render_composite(ps->c, op, wd->rendered_pict, alpha_pict, xd->target_buffer,
+	                     0, 0, 0, 0, dst_x, dst_y, w->widthb, w->heightb);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reset filter on a <code>Picture</code>.
+ */
+static inline void xrfilter_reset(session_t *ps, xcb_render_picture_t p) {
+	const char *filter = "Nearest";
+	xcb_render_set_picture_filter(ps->c, p, strlen(filter), filter, 0, NULL);
+}
+
+static bool
+blur(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, double opacity, const region_t *reg_paint) {
+	struct _xrender_data *xd = backend_data;
+	const pixman_box32_t *reg = pixman_region32_extents((region_t *)reg_paint);
+	const int height = reg->y2 - reg->y1;
+	const int width = reg->x2 - reg->x1;
+
+	// Create a buffer for storing blurred picture, make it just big enough
+	// for the blur region
+	xcb_render_picture_t tmp_picture[2] = {
+	    x_create_picture_with_visual(ps, width, height, ps->vis, 0, NULL),
+	    x_create_picture_with_visual(ps, width, height, ps->vis, 0, NULL)};
+
+	region_t clip;
+	pixman_region32_init(&clip);
+	pixman_region32_copy(&clip, (region_t *)reg_paint);
+	pixman_region32_translate(&clip, -reg->x1, -reg->y1);
+
+	if (!tmp_picture[0] || !tmp_picture[1]) {
+		log_error("Failed to build intermediate Picture.");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	x_set_picture_clip_region(ps, tmp_picture[0], 0, 0, &clip);
+	x_set_picture_clip_region(ps, tmp_picture[1], 0, 0, &clip);
+
+	// The multipass blur implemented here is not correct, but this is what old
+	// compton did anyway. XXX
+	xcb_render_picture_t src_pict = xd->target_buffer, dst_pict = tmp_picture[0];
+	auto alpha_pict = xd->alpha_pict[(int)(opacity * 255)];
+	int current = 0;
+	int src_x = reg->x1, src_y = reg->y1;
+
+	// For more than 1 pass, we do:
+	//   target_buffer -(pass 1)-> tmp0 -(pass 2)-> tmp1 ...
+	//   -(pass n-1)-> tmp0 or tmp1 -(pass n)-> target_buffer
+	// For 1 pass, we do
+	//   target_buffer -(pass 1)-> tmp0 -(copy)-> target_buffer
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; ps->o.blur_kerns[i]; i++) {
+		assert(i < MAX_BLUR_PASS - 1);
+		xcb_render_fixed_t *convolution_blur = ps->o.blur_kerns[i];
+		int kwid = XFIXED_TO_DOUBLE(convolution_blur[0]),
+		    khei = XFIXED_TO_DOUBLE(convolution_blur[1]);
+
+		// Copy from source picture to destination. The filter must
+		// be applied on source picture, to get the nearby pixels outside the
+		// window.
+		xcb_render_set_picture_filter(
+		    ps->c, src_pict, strlen(XRFILTER_CONVOLUTION), XRFILTER_CONVOLUTION,
+		    kwid * khei + 2, convolution_blur);
+
+		if (ps->o.blur_kerns[i + 1] || i == 0) {
+			// This is not the last pass, or this is the first pass
+			xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_SRC, src_pict,
+			                     XCB_NONE, dst_pict, src_x, src_y, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+			                     width, height);
+		} else {
+			// This is the last pass, and this is also not the first
+			xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_OVER, src_pict,
+			                     alpha_pict, xd->target_buffer, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+			                     reg->x1, reg->y1, width, height);
+		}
+
+		xrfilter_reset(ps, src_pict);
+
+		src_pict = tmp_picture[current];
+		dst_pict = tmp_picture[!current];
+		src_x = 0;
+		src_y = 0;
+		current = !current;
+	}
+
+	// There is only 1 pass
+	if (i == 1) {
+		xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_OVER, src_pict, alpha_pict,
+		                     xd->target_buffer, 0, 0, 0, 0, reg->x1, reg->y1,
+		                     width, height);
+	}
+
+	xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, tmp_picture[0]);
+	xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, tmp_picture[1]);
+	return true;
+}
+
+static void render_win(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w, void *win_data,
+                       const region_t *reg_paint) {
+	struct _xrender_data *xd = backend_data;
+	struct _xrender_win_data *wd = win_data;
+	xcb_drawable_t draw = wd->pixmap;
+	if (!draw)
+		draw = w->id;
+
+	w->pixmap_damaged = false;
+
+	region_t reg_paint_local;
+	pixman_region32_init(&reg_paint_local);
+	pixman_region32_copy(&reg_paint_local, (region_t *)reg_paint);
+	pixman_region32_translate(&reg_paint_local, -w->g.x, -w->g.y);
+
+	if (!w->invert_color && w->frame_opacity == 1 && !w->dim) {
+		// No extra processing needed
+		wd->rendered_pict = wd->pict;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// We don't want to modify the content of the original window when we process
+	// it, so we create a buffer.
+	if (wd->buffer == XCB_NONE) {
+		wd->buffer = x_create_picture_with_pictfmt(ps, w->widthb, w->heightb,
+		                                           w->pictfmt, 0, NULL);
+	}
+
+	// Copy the content of the window over to the buffer
+	x_clear_picture_clip_region(ps, wd->buffer);
+	wd->rendered_pict = wd->buffer;
+	xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_SRC, wd->pict, None,
+	                     wd->rendered_pict, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, w->widthb, w->heightb);
+
+	if (w->invert_color) {
+		// Handle invert color
+		x_set_picture_clip_region(ps, wd->rendered_pict, 0, 0, &reg_paint_local);
+
+		xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_DIFFERENCE,
+		                     xd->white_pixel, None, wd->rendered_pict, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+		                     0, 0, w->widthb, w->heightb);
+		// We use an extra PictOpInReverse operation to get correct pixel
+		// alpha. There could be a better solution.
+		if (win_has_alpha(w))
+			xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_IN_REVERSE,
+			                     wd->pict, None, wd->rendered_pict, 0, 0, 0,
+			                     0, 0, 0, w->widthb, w->heightb);
+	}
+
+	const double dopacity = get_opacity_percent(w);
+	if (w->frame_opacity != 1) {
+		// Handle transparent frame
+		// Step 1: clip paint area to frame
+		region_t frame_reg;
+		pixman_region32_init(&frame_reg);
+		pixman_region32_copy(&frame_reg, &w->bounding_shape);
+
+		region_t body_reg = win_get_region_noframe_local_by_val(w);
+		pixman_region32_subtract(&frame_reg, &frame_reg, &body_reg);
+
+		// Draw the frame with frame opacity
+		xcb_render_picture_t alpha_pict =
+		    xd->alpha_pict[(int)(w->frame_opacity * dopacity * 255)];
+		x_set_picture_clip_region(ps, wd->rendered_pict, 0, 0, &frame_reg);
+
+		// Step 2: multiply alpha value
+		// XXX test
+		xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_SRC, xd->white_pixel,
+		                     alpha_pict, wd->rendered_pict, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+		                     w->widthb, w->heightb);
+	}
+
+	if (w->dim) {
+		// Handle dimming
+
+		double dim_opacity = ps->o.inactive_dim;
+		if (!ps->o.inactive_dim_fixed)
+			dim_opacity *= get_opacity_percent(w);
+
+		xcb_render_color_t color = {
+		    .red = 0, .green = 0, .blue = 0, .alpha = 0xffff * dim_opacity};
+
+		// Dim the actually content of window
+		xcb_rectangle_t rect = {
+		    .x = 0,
+		    .y = 0,
+		    .width = w->widthb,
+		    .height = w->heightb,
+		};
+
+		x_clear_picture_clip_region(ps, wd->rendered_pict);
+		xcb_render_fill_rectangles(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_OVER,
+		                           wd->rendered_pict, color, 1, &rect);
+	}
+}
+
+static void *prepare_win(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w) {
+	auto wd = ccalloc(1, struct _xrender_win_data);
+	struct _xrender_data *xd = backend_data;
+	assert(w->a.map_state == XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE);
+	if (ps->has_name_pixmap) {
+		wd->pixmap = xcb_generate_id(ps->c);
+		xcb_composite_name_window_pixmap_checked(ps->c, w->id, wd->pixmap);
+	}
+
+	xcb_drawable_t draw = wd->pixmap;
+	if (!draw)
+		draw = w->id;
+
+	log_trace("%s %x", w->name, wd->pixmap);
+	wd->pict = x_create_picture_with_pictfmt_and_pixmap(ps, w->pictfmt, draw, 0, NULL);
+	wd->buffer = XCB_NONE;
+
+	// XXX delay allocating shadow pict until compose() will dramatical
+	//     improve performance, probably because otherwise shadow pict
+	//     can be created and destroyed multiple times per draw.
+	//
+	//     However doing that breaks a assumption the backend API makes (i.e.
+	//     either all needed data is here, or none is), therefore we will
+	//     leave this here until we have chance to re-think the backend API
+	if (w->shadow) {
+		xcb_pixmap_t pixmap;
+		build_shadow(ps, 1, w->widthb, w->heightb, xd->shadow_pixel, &pixmap,
+		             &wd->shadow_pict);
+		xcb_free_pixmap(ps->c, pixmap);
+	}
+	return wd;
+}
+
+static void release_win(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, win *w, void *win_data) {
+	struct _xrender_win_data *wd = win_data;
+	xcb_free_pixmap(ps->c, wd->pixmap);
+	// xcb_free_pixmap(ps->c, wd->shadow_pixmap);
+	xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, wd->pict);
+	xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, wd->shadow_pict);
+	if (wd->buffer != XCB_NONE)
+		xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, wd->buffer);
+	free(wd);
+}
+
+static void *init(session_t *ps) {
+	auto xd = ccalloc(1, struct _xrender_data);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+		double o = (double)i / 255.0;
+		xd->alpha_pict[i] = solid_picture(ps, false, o, 0, 0, 0);
+		assert(xd->alpha_pict[i] != None);
+	}
+
+	xd->black_pixel = solid_picture(ps, true, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+	xd->white_pixel = solid_picture(ps, true, 1, 1, 1, 1);
+	xd->shadow_pixel = solid_picture(ps, true, 1, ps->o.shadow_red,
+	                                 ps->o.shadow_green, ps->o.shadow_blue);
+
+	if (ps->overlay != XCB_NONE) {
+		xd->target = x_create_picture_with_visual_and_pixmap(
+		    ps, ps->vis, ps->overlay, 0, NULL);
+	} else {
+		xcb_render_create_picture_value_list_t pa = {
+		    .subwindowmode = XCB_SUBWINDOW_MODE_INCLUDE_INFERIORS,
+		};
+		xd->target = x_create_picture_with_visual_and_pixmap(
+		    ps, ps->vis, ps->root, XCB_RENDER_CP_SUBWINDOW_MODE, &pa);
+	}
+
+	xd->target_buffer = x_create_picture_with_visual(
+	    ps, ps->root_width, ps->root_height, ps->vis, 0, NULL);
+
+	xcb_pixmap_t root_pixmap = x_get_root_back_pixmap(ps);
+	if (root_pixmap == XCB_NONE) {
+		xd->root_pict = solid_picture(ps, false, 1, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5);
+	} else {
+		xd->root_pict = x_create_picture_with_visual_and_pixmap(
+		    ps, ps->vis, root_pixmap, 0, NULL);
+	}
+	return xd;
+}
+
+static void deinit(void *backend_data, session_t *ps) {
+	struct _xrender_data *xd = backend_data;
+	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
+		xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, xd->alpha_pict[i]);
+	xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, xd->white_pixel);
+	xcb_render_free_picture(ps->c, xd->black_pixel);
+	free(xd);
+}
+
+static void *root_change(void *backend_data, session_t *ps) {
+	deinit(backend_data, ps);
+	return init(ps);
+}
+
+static void paint_root(void *backend_data, session_t *ps, const region_t *reg_paint) {
+	struct _xrender_data *xd = backend_data;
+
+	// Limit the paint area
+	x_set_picture_clip_region(ps, xd->target_buffer, 0, 0, reg_paint);
+
+	xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_SRC, xd->root_pict, XCB_NONE,
+	                     xd->target_buffer, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ps->root_width,
+	                     ps->root_height);
+}
+
+static void present(void *backend_data, session_t *ps) {
+	struct _xrender_data *xd = backend_data;
+
+	// compose() sets clip region, so clear it first to make
+	// sure we update the whole screen.
+	x_clear_picture_clip_region(ps, xd->target_buffer);
+
+	// TODO buffer-age-like optimization might be possible here.
+	//      but that will require a different backend API
+	xcb_render_composite(ps->c, XCB_RENDER_PICT_OP_SRC, xd->target_buffer, None,
+	                     xd->target, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ps->root_width,
+	                     ps->root_height);
+}
+
+struct backend_info xrender_backend = {
+    .init = init,
+    .deinit = deinit,
+    .blur = blur,
+    .present = present,
+    .prepare = paint_root,
+    .compose = compose,
+    .root_change = root_change,
+    .render_win = render_win,
+    .prepare_win = prepare_win,
+    .release_win = release_win,
+    .is_win_transparent = default_is_win_transparent,
+    .is_frame_transparent = default_is_frame_transparent,
+};
diff --git a/src/common.h b/src/common.h
index 9a7db4ed..6454f159 100644
--- a/src/common.h
+++ b/src/common.h
@@ -83,8 +83,6 @@
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_OPENGL
 // libGL
-#define GL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES
-
 #include <GL/glx.h>
 
 // Workarounds for missing definitions in some broken GL drivers, thanks to
@@ -423,6 +421,8 @@ typedef struct session {
   ev_prepare event_check;
   /// Signal handler for SIGUSR1
   ev_signal usr1_signal;
+  /// backend data
+  void *backend_data;
   /// libev mainloop
   struct ev_loop *loop;
   // === Display related ===
diff --git a/src/compton.c b/src/compton.c
index 8c4ef72c..071d1ad2 100644
--- a/src/compton.c
+++ b/src/compton.c
@@ -2536,6 +2536,7 @@ reset_enable(EV_P_ ev_signal *w, int revents) {
 static session_t *
 session_init(session_t *ps_old, int argc, char **argv) {
   static const session_t s_def = {
+    .backend_data = NULL,
     .dpy = NULL,
     .scr = 0,
     .c = NULL,
diff --git a/src/meson.build b/src/meson.build
index da5f49bf..7478213f 100644
--- a/src/meson.build
+++ b/src/meson.build
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-deps = [
+base_deps = [
 	cc.find_library('m'),
 	cc.find_library('ev'),
 	dependency('xcb', version: '>=1.9.2'),
@@ -6,10 +6,12 @@ deps = [
 
 srcs = [ files('compton.c', 'win.c', 'c2.c', 'x.c', 'config.c', 'vsync.c', 'utils.c',
                'diagnostic.c', 'string_utils.c', 'render.c', 'kernel.c', 'log.c',
-               'options.c')]
+               'options.c') ]
+compton_inc = include_directories('.')
 
 cflags = []
 
+
 required_package = [
 	'x11', 'x11-xcb', 'xcb-renderutil',
 	'xcb-render', 'xcb-damage', 'xcb-randr',
@@ -18,9 +20,11 @@ required_package = [
 ]
 
 foreach i : required_package
-	deps += [dependency(i, required: true)]
+	base_deps += [dependency(i, required: true)]
 endforeach
 
+deps = []
+
 if get_option('xinerama')
 	deps += [dependency('xcb-xinerama', required: true)]
 	cflags += ['-DCONFIG_XINERAMA']
@@ -47,7 +51,7 @@ if get_option('vsync_drm')
 endif
 
 if get_option('opengl')
-	cflags += ['-DCONFIG_OPENGL']
+	cflags += ['-DCONFIG_OPENGL', '-DGL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES']
 	deps += [dependency('gl', required: true)]
 	srcs += [ 'opengl.c' ]
 endif
@@ -63,4 +67,8 @@ if get_option('xrescheck')
 	srcs += [ 'xrescheck.c' ]
 endif
 
-executable('compton', srcs, c_args: cflags, dependencies: deps, install: true)
+subdir('backend')
+
+executable('compton', srcs, c_args: cflags,
+  dependencies: [ base_deps, deps ],
+  install: true, include_directories: compton_inc)
diff --git a/src/win.c b/src/win.c
index 5129bafd..4e241966 100644
--- a/src/win.c
+++ b/src/win.c
@@ -725,6 +725,7 @@ void win_recheck_client(session_t *ps, win *w) {
 // TODO: probably split into win_new (in win.c) and add_win (in compton.c)
 bool add_win(session_t *ps, Window id, Window prev) {
   static const win win_def = {
+      .win_data = NULL,
       .next = NULL,
       .prev_trans = NULL,
 
diff --git a/src/win.h b/src/win.h
index cb02da03..c008adea 100644
--- a/src/win.h
+++ b/src/win.h
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 // FIXME shouldn't need this
 #ifdef CONFIG_OPENGL
-#define GL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES
 #include <GL/glx.h>
 #endif
 
@@ -75,6 +74,9 @@ typedef enum {
 /// Structure representing a top-level window compton manages.
 typedef struct win win;
 struct win {
+  /// backend data attached to this window. Only available when
+  /// `state` is not UNMAPPED
+  void *win_data;
   /// Pointer to the next lower window in window stack.
   win *next;
   /// Pointer to the next higher window to paint.