h1. Database Cleaner

Database Cleaner is a set of strategies for cleaning your database in Ruby.
The original use case was to ensure a clean state during tests.  Each strategy
is a small amount of code but is code that is usually needed in any ruby app
that is testing with a database.

ActiveRecord, DataMapper, Sequel, MongoMapper, Mongoid, and CouchPotato are supported.

!https://secure.travis-ci.org/bmabey/database_cleaner.png(Build Status)!:http://travis-ci.org/bmabey/database_cleaner

Here is an overview of the strategies supported for each library:

|_. ORM        |_.  Truncation  |_.  Transaction  |_.  Deletion    |
| ActiveRecord | Yes            | **Yes**         | Yes            |
| DataMapper   | Yes            | **Yes**         | No             |
| CouchPotato  | **Yes**        | No              | No             |
| MongoMapper  | **Yes**        | No              | No             |
| Mongoid      | **Yes**        | No              | No             |
| Sequel       | **Yes**        | Yes             | No             |

(Default strategy for each library is denoted in bold)

Database Cleaner also includes a @null@ strategy (that does no cleaning at all) which can be used
with any ORM library. You can also explicitly use it by setting your strategy to @nil@.

For support or to discuss development please use the "Google Group":http://groups.google.com/group/database_cleaner.

h2(fastest). What strategy is fastest?

For the SQL libraries the fastest option will be to use @:transaction@ as transactions are
simply rolled back.  If you can use this strategy you should.  However, if you wind up needing 
to use multiple database connections in your tests (i.e. your tests run in a different proceess 
than your application) then using this strategy becomes a bit more difficult. You can get around the 
problem a number of ways.  One common approach is to force all processes to use the same database
connection ("common ActiveRecord hack":http://blog.plataformatec.com.br/2011/12/three-tips-to-improve-the-performance-of-your-test-suite/) however this approach has been reported to result in
non-deterministic failures.  Another approach is to have the transactions rolled back in the
application's process and relax the isolation level of the database (so the tests can read the
uncommited transactions).  An easier, but slower, solution is to use the @:truncation@ or 
@:deletion@ strategy.

So what is fastest out of @:deletion@ and @:truncation@?  Well, it depends on your table structure 
and what percentage of tables you populate in an average test. The reasoning is out the the 
scope of this README but here is a "good SO answer on this topic for Postgres":http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11419536/postgresql-truncation-speed/11423886#11423886. Some people report 
much faster speeds with @:deletion@ while others say @:truncation@ is faster for them. The best approach therefore 
is it try all options on your test suite and see what is faster.  If you are using ActiveRecord then take a look 
at the "additional options":#ar_truncation available for  @:truncation@.

h2. Dependencies

Because database_cleaner supports multiple ORMs, it doesn't make sense to include all the dependencies
for each one in the gemspec.  However, the DataMapper adapter does depend on dm-transactions.  Therefore,
if you use DataMapper, you must include dm-transactions in your Gemfile/bundle/gemset manually.  

h2. How to use

<pre>
  require 'database_cleaner'
  DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :truncation

  # then, whenever you need to clean the DB
  DatabaseCleaner.clean
</pre>

With the :truncation strategy you can also pass in options, for example:
<pre>
  DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :truncation, {:only => %w[widgets dogs some_other_table]}
</pre>

<pre>
  DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :truncation, {:except => %w[widgets]}
</pre>

(I should point out the truncation strategy will never truncate your schema_migrations table.)

Some strategies require that you call DatabaseCleaner.start before calling clean
(for example the :transaction one needs to know to open up a transaction). So
you would have:

<pre>
  require 'database_cleaner'
  DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :transaction

  DatabaseCleaner.start # usually this is called in setup of a test
  dirty_the_db
  DatabaseCleaner.clean # cleanup of the test
</pre>

At times you may want to do a single clean with one strategy.  For example, you may want
to start the process by truncating all the tables, but then use the faster transaction
strategy the remaining time.  To accomplish this you can say:

<pre>
  require 'database_cleaner'
  DatabaseCleaner.clean_with :truncation
  DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :transaction
  # then make the DatabaseCleaner.start and DatabaseCleaner.clean calls appropriately
</pre>

h3(#ar_truncation). Additional ActiveRecord options for Truncation

The following options are available for ActiveRecord's @:truncation@ strategy _only_ for 
MySQL and Postgres.

* @:pre_count@ - When set to @true@ this will check each table for existing rows before 
truncating it.  This can speed up test suites when many of the tables to be truncated 
are never populated. Defaults to @:false@. (Also, see the section on "What strategy is fastest?":#fastest)
* @:reset_ids@ - This only matters when @:pre_count@ is used, and it will make sure that a 
tables auto-incrementing id is reset even if there are no rows in the table (e.g. records 
were created in the test but also removed before DatabaseCleaner gets to it). Defaults to @true@.


h3. RSpec Example

<pre>
RSpec.configure do |config|

  config.before(:suite) do
    DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :transaction
    DatabaseCleaner.clean_with(:truncation)
  end

  config.before(:each) do
    DatabaseCleaner.start
  end

  config.after(:each) do
    DatabaseCleaner.clean
  end

end
</pre>

h3. Minitest Example

<pre>
DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :transaction

class MiniTest::Spec
  before :each do
    DatabaseCleaner.start
  end

  after :each do
    DatabaseCleaner.clean
  end
end
</pre>

h3. Cucumber Example

Add this to your features/support/env.rb file:

<pre>
begin
  require 'database_cleaner'
  require 'database_cleaner/cucumber'
  DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :truncation
rescue NameError
  raise "You need to add database_cleaner to your Gemfile (in the :test group) if you wish to use it."
end
</pre>

A good idea is to create the before and after hooks to use the DatabaseCleaner.start and DatabaseCleaner.clean methods.

Inside features/support/hooks.rb:

<pre>
Before do
  DatabaseCleaner.start
end

After do |scenario|
  DatabaseCleaner.clean
end
</pre>

This should cover the basics of tear down between scenarios and keeping your database clean.
For more examples see the section "Why?"

h2. How to use with multiple ORM's

Sometimes you need to use multiple ORMs in your application. You can use DatabaseCleaner to clean multiple ORMs, and multiple connections for those ORMs.

<pre>
  #How to specify particular orms
  DatabaseCleaner[:active_record].strategy = :transaction
  DatabaseCleaner[:mongo_mapper].strategy = :truncation

  #How to specify particular connections
  DatabaseCleaner[:active_record,{:connection => :two}]
</pre>

Usage beyond that remains the same with DatabaseCleaner.start calling any setup on the different configured connections, and DatabaseCleaner.clean executing afterwards.

Configuration options


|_. ORM         |_.   How to access               |_.   Notes                                                                |
| Active Record | DatabaseCleaner[:active_record] | Connection specified as :symbol keys, loaded from config/database.yml    |
| Data Mapper   | DatabaseCleaner[:data_mapper]   | Connection specified as :symbol keys, loaded via Datamapper repositories |
| Mongo Mapper  | DatabaseCleaner[:mongo_mapper]  | Multiple connections not yet supported                                   |
| Mongoid       | DatabaseCleaner[:mongoid]       | Multiple connections not yet supported                                   |
| Couch Potato  | DatabaseCleaner[:couch_potato]  | Multiple connections not yet supported                                   |
| Sequel        | DatabaseCleaner[:sequel]        | ?                                                                        |

h2. Why?

One of my motivations for writing this library was to have an easy way to turn on what Rails calls "transactional_fixtures" 
in my non-rails ActiveRecord projects.  After copying and pasting code to do this several times I decided to package it up 
as a gem and same everyone a bit of time.

h2. Common Errors

h4. DatabaseCleaner is trying to use the wrong ORM

DatabaseCleaner has an autodetect mechanism where if you do not explicitly define your ORM it will use the first ORM it can detect that is loaded.  Since ActiveRecord is the most common ORM used that is the first one checked for.  Sometimes other libraries (e.g. ActiveAdmin) will load other ORMs (e.g. ActiveRecord) even though you are using a different ORM.  This will result in DatabaseCleaner trying to use the wrong ORM (e.g. ActiveRecord) unless you explicitly define your ORM like so:

<pre>
  # How to setup your ORM explicitly
  DatabaseCleaner[:mongoid].strategy = :truncation
</pre>

h4. STDERR is being flooded when using Postgres

If you are using Postgres and have foreign key constraints, the truncation strategy will cause a lot of extra noise to appear on STDERR (in
the form of "NOTICE truncate cascades" messages). To silence these warnings set the following log level in your postgresql.conf file:

<pre>
  client_min_messages = warning
</pre>


h2. Debugging

In rare cases DatabaseCleaner will encounter errors that it will log.  By default it uses STDOUT set to the ERROR level but you can configure this to use whatever Logger you desire.  Here's an example of using the Rails.logger in env.rb:

<pre>
  DatabaseCleaner.logger = Rails.logger
</pre>


h2. COPYRIGHT

Copyright (c) 2009 Ben Mabey. See LICENSE for details.