diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
index 0af48ddd..7882708d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         gemfile:
           - Gemfile
+          - gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
+          - gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1
           - gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-0
           - gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-5-2
           - gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-5-1
@@ -30,6 +32,10 @@ jobs:
             gemfile: Gemfile
           - ruby: 2.1
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-0
+          - ruby: 2.1
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1
+          - ruby: 2.1
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
           - ruby: 2.1
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-5-2
           - ruby: 2.1
@@ -40,24 +46,40 @@ jobs:
             gemfile: Gemfile
           - ruby: 2.2
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-0
+          - ruby: 2.2
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1
+          - ruby: 2.2
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
           - ruby: 2.2
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-5-2
           - ruby: 2.3
             gemfile: Gemfile
           - ruby: 2.3
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-0
+          - ruby: 2.3
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1
+          - ruby: 2.3
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
           - ruby: 2.4
             gemfile: Gemfile
           - ruby: 2.4
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-0
+          - ruby: 2.4
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1
+          - ruby: 2.4
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
           - ruby: 2.4
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-4-1
           - ruby: 2.5
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-4-1
+          - ruby: 2.5
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
           - ruby: 2.6
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-4-1
           - ruby: 2.6
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-4-2
+          - ruby: 2.6
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
           - ruby: 2.7
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-4-1
           - ruby: 2.7
@@ -88,6 +110,10 @@ jobs:
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-5-2
           - env: DEVISE_ORM=mongoid
             gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-0
+          - env: DEVISE_ORM=mongoid
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1
+          - env: DEVISE_ORM=mongoid
+            gemfile: gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     env: # $BUNDLE_GEMFILE must be set at the job level, so it is set for all steps
       BUNDLE_GEMFILE: ${{ matrix.gemfile }}
diff --git a/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1 b/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0a96b0e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-6-1
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+source "https://rubygems.org"
+
+gemspec path: ".."
+
+gem "rails", '~> 6.1.0'
+gem "omniauth"
+gem "omniauth-oauth2"
+gem "rdoc"
+
+gem "activemodel-serializers-xml", github: "rails/activemodel-serializers-xml"
+
+gem "rails-controller-testing", github: "rails/rails-controller-testing"
+
+gem "responders", "~> 3.0"
+
+group :test do
+  gem "omniauth-facebook"
+  gem "omniauth-openid"
+  gem "rexml"
+  gem "timecop"
+  gem "webrat", "0.7.3", require: false
+  gem "mocha", "~> 1.1", require: false
+end
+
+platforms :ruby do
+  gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.4"
+end
diff --git a/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main b/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..536c564c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gemfiles/Gemfile-rails-main
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+source "https://rubygems.org"
+
+gemspec path: ".."
+
+gem "rails", github: "rails/rails", branch: "main"
+gem "omniauth"
+gem "omniauth-oauth2"
+gem "rdoc"
+
+gem "activemodel-serializers-xml", github: "rails/activemodel-serializers-xml"
+
+gem "rails-controller-testing", github: "rails/rails-controller-testing"
+
+gem "responders", "~> 3.0"
+
+group :test do
+  gem "omniauth-facebook"
+  gem "omniauth-openid"
+  gem "rexml"
+  gem "timecop"
+  gem "webrat", "0.7.3", require: false
+  gem "mocha", "~> 1.1", require: false
+end
+
+platforms :ruby do
+  gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.4"
+end
diff --git a/lib/devise.rb b/lib/devise.rb
index 0451876d..4c96810e 100644
--- a/lib/devise.rb
+++ b/lib/devise.rb
@@ -318,7 +318,9 @@ module Devise
   end
 
   def self.ref(arg)
-    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.reference(arg)
+    if ActiveSupport::Dependencies.respond_to?(:reference)
+      ActiveSupport::Dependencies.reference(arg)
+    end
     Getter.new(arg)
   end
 
diff --git a/test/orm/active_record.rb b/test/orm/active_record.rb
index 001f99b9..cf500330 100644
--- a/test/orm/active_record.rb
+++ b/test/orm/active_record.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ActiveRecord::Base.logger = Logger.new(nil)
 ActiveRecord::Base.include_root_in_json = true
 
 migrate_path = File.expand_path("../../rails_app/db/migrate/", __FILE__)
-if Devise::Test.rails6?
+if Devise::Test.rails6_and_up?
   ActiveRecord::MigrationContext.new(migrate_path, ActiveRecord::SchemaMigration).migrate
 elsif Devise::Test.rails52_and_up?
   ActiveRecord::MigrationContext.new(migrate_path).migrate
diff --git a/test/rails_app/config/application.rb b/test/rails_app/config/application.rb
index 0c844878..d7ecc160 100644
--- a/test/rails_app/config/application.rb
+++ b/test/rails_app/config/application.rb
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ module RailsApp
     end
 
     # Remove the first check once Rails 5.0 support is removed.
-    if Devise::Test.rails52_and_up? && !Devise::Test.rails6?
+    if Devise::Test.rails52_and_up? && !Devise::Test.rails6_and_up?
       Rails.application.config.active_record.sqlite3.represent_boolean_as_integer = true
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/rails_app/config/boot.rb b/test/rails_app/config/boot.rb
index bc3dfa62..3327e5e4 100644
--- a/test/rails_app/config/boot.rb
+++ b/test/rails_app/config/boot.rb
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ end
 module Devise
   module Test
     # Detection for minor differences between Rails versions in tests.
-    
-    def self.rails6?
-      Rails.version.start_with? '6'
+
+    def self.rails6_and_up?
+      Rails::VERSION::MAJOR >= 6
     end
 
     def self.rails52_and_up?
diff --git a/test/test/controller_helpers_test.rb b/test/test/controller_helpers_test.rb
index 36f34e99..6c5d24ad 100644
--- a/test/test/controller_helpers_test.rb
+++ b/test/test/controller_helpers_test.rb
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ class TestControllerHelpersTest < Devise::ControllerTestCase
   test "returns the content type of a failure app" do
     get :index, params: { format: :json }
 
-    if Devise::Test.rails6?
+    if Devise::Test.rails6_and_up?
       assert_includes response.media_type, 'application/json'
     else
       assert_includes response.content_type, 'application/json'