As the JavaScript is being generated, print out every step of code
- generation, including lexical scope and the node in the
+ generation, including lexical scope and the nodes in the
AST.
+ You don't need to use parentheses to invoke a function, if you're passing
+ arguments: print "coffee"
+
+
You can use newlines to break up your expression into smaller pieces,
as long as CoffeeScript can determine that the line hasn't finished yet.
@@ -307,12 +310,12 @@ coffee --print app/scripts/*.coffee > concatenation.js
CoffeeScript output is wrapped in an anonymous function:
(function(){ ... })(); This safety wrapper, combined with the
automatic generation of the var keyword, make it exceedingly difficult
- to pollute the global namespace by accident.
+ to pollute the global namespace by accident.
-
- If you'd like to create top-level variables for other scripts to use,
- attach them as properties on window, or on the exports
- object in CommonJS. The existential operator (below), gives you a
+
+ If you'd like to create top-level variables for other scripts to use,
+ attach them as properties on window, or on the exports
+ object in CommonJS. The existential operator (below), gives you a
reliable way to figure out where to add them, if you're targeting both
CommonJS and the browser: root: exports ? this
- The Existential Operator
- It's a little difficult to check for the existence of a variable in
- JavaScript. if (variable) ... comes close, but fails for zero,
- the empty string, and false. The existential operator ? returns true unless
- a variable is null or undefined, which makes it analogous
- to Ruby's nil?
-
-
- It can also be used for safer conditional assignment than ||=
- provides, for cases where you may be handling numbers or strings.
-
There are a handful of statements in JavaScript that can't be meaningfully
- converted into expressions, namely break, continue,
- and return. If you make use of them within a block of code,
+ converted into expressions, namely break, continue,
+ and return. If you make use of them within a block of code,
CoffeeScript won't try to perform the conversion.
+
+
+ The Existential Operator
+ It's a little difficult to check for the existence of a variable in
+ JavaScript. if (variable) ... comes close, but fails for zero,
+ the empty string, and false. CoffeeScript's existential operator ? returns true unless
+ a variable is null or undefined, which makes it analogous
+ to Ruby's nil?
+
+
+ It can also be used for safer conditional assignment than ||=
+ provides, for cases where you may be handling numbers or strings.
+
+ <%= code_for('existence', 'speed') %>
+
+ The accessor variant of the existential operator ?. can be used to soak
+ up null references in a chain of properties. Use it instead
+ of the dot accessor . in cases where the base value may be null
+ or undefined. If all of the properties exist then you'll get the expected
+ result, if the chain is broken, undefined is returned instead of
+ the TypeError that would be raised otherwise.
+
Inheritance, and Calling Super from a Subclass
@@ -514,15 +532,6 @@ coffee --print app/scripts/*.coffee > concatenation.js
<%= code_for('super', true) %>
-
- Blocks
- Many common looping functions (in Prototype, jQuery, and Underscore,
- for example) take a single function as their final argument. To make
- final functions easier to pass, CoffeeScript includes block syntax,
- so you don't have to close the parentheses on the other side.
-
- <%= code_for('blocks') %>
-
Pattern Matching (Destructuring Assignment)
To make extracting values from complex arrays and objects more convenient,
@@ -545,16 +554,16 @@ coffee --print app/scripts/*.coffee > concatenation.js
Function binding
- The long arrow => can be used to both define a function, and to bind
+ The fat arrow => can be used to both define a function, and to bind
it to the current value of this, right on the spot. This is helpful
when using callback-based libraries like Prototype or jQuery, for creating
iterator functions to pass to each, or event-handler functions
- to use with bind. Functions created with the long arrow are able to access
+ to use with bind. Functions created with the fat arrow are able to access
properties of the this where they're defined.
+ CoffeePot
+ An implementation of CoffeeScript, written in CoffeeScript, by
+ Tim Caswell. Compiles just
+ a limited subset at this point.
+
BistroCar
A Rails plugin by
@@ -640,39 +655,24 @@ coffee --print app/scripts/*.coffee > concatenation.js
-
Contributing
+
Change Log
- Here's a wish list of things that would be wonderful to have contributed:
+ 0.3.0
+ CoffeeScript 0.3 includes major syntax changes:
+
+ The function symbol was changed to
+ ->, and the bound function symbol is now =>.
+
+ Parameter lists in function definitions must now be wrapped in parentheses.
+
+ Added property soaking, with the ?. operator.
+
+ Made parentheses optional, when invoking functions with arguments.
+
+ Removed the obsolete block literal syntax.
- Test cases for any syntax errors you encounter that you think CoffeeScript
- should be able to compile properly.
-
-
- A tutorial that introduces CoffeeScript from the ground up for folks
- without knowledge of JavaScript.
-
-
- Integration with Processing.js's JavaScript API (this would depend on
- having a JavaScript version of the compiler).
-
-
- A lot of the code generation in nodes.rb gets into messy
- string manipulation. Techniques for cleaning this up across the board
- would be appreciated.
-
-
-
-
Change Log
-
0.2.6
Added Python-style chained comparisons, the conditional existence
diff --git a/documentation/js/blocks.js b/documentation/js/blocks.js
deleted file mode 100644
index f95dd31b..00000000
--- a/documentation/js/blocks.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-(function(){
- $('table.list').each(function(table) {
- return $('tr.account', table).each(function(row) {
- row.show();
- return row.highlight();
- });
- });
-})();
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/documentation/js/long_arrow.js b/documentation/js/fat_arrow.js
similarity index 100%
rename from documentation/js/long_arrow.js
rename to documentation/js/fat_arrow.js
diff --git a/documentation/js/soaks.js b/documentation/js/soaks.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..efacb692
--- /dev/null
+++ b/documentation/js/soaks.js
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(function(){
+ var __a;
+ ((__a = lottery.draw_winner()) == undefined ? undefined : __a.address == undefined ? undefined : __a.address.zipcode);
+})();
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/documentation/js/splats.js b/documentation/js/splats.js
index 4fb2085b..052437fe 100644
--- a/documentation/js/splats.js
+++ b/documentation/js/splats.js
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
(function(){
- var contenders, gold, medalists, silver, the_field;
+ var award_medals, contenders, gold, silver, the_field;
gold = (silver = (the_field = "unknown"));
- medalists = function medalists(first, second) {
+ award_medals = function award_medals(first, second) {
var rest;
rest = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2);
gold = first;
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
return the_field = rest;
};
contenders = ["Michael Phelps", "Liu Xiang", "Yao Ming", "Allyson Felix", "Shawn Johnson", "Roman Sebrle", "Guo Jingjing", "Tyson Gay", "Asafa Powell", "Usain Bolt"];
- medalists.apply(this, contenders);
+ award_medals.apply(this, contenders);
alert("Gold: " + gold);
alert("Silver: " + silver);
alert("The Field: " + the_field);
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index 1447e18e..86ed85b8 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
As the JavaScript is being generated, print out every step of code
- generation, including lexical scope and the node in the
+ generation, including lexical scope and the nodes in the
AST.
+ You don't need to use parentheses to invoke a function, if you're passing
+ arguments: print "coffee"
+
+
You can use newlines to break up your expression into smaller pieces,
as long as CoffeeScript can determine that the line hasn't finished yet.
@@ -356,8 +359,8 @@ coffee --print app/scripts/*.coffee > concatenation.js
function body. The empty function looks like this: ->. All
functions in CoffeeScript are named by default, for easier debugging.
-
square: (x) => x * x
-cube: (x) => square(x) * x
+
square:(x)-> x * x
+cube:(x)-> square(x) * x
var cube, square;
square =functionsquare(x) {
return x * x;
@@ -444,7 +447,7 @@ matrix = [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0];
var yourself.
num:1
-change_numbers: () =>
+change_numbers:->new_num:-1num:10new_num: change_numbers()
@@ -478,12 +481,12 @@ new_num = change_numbers();
CoffeeScript output is wrapped in an anonymous function:
(function(){ ... })(); This safety wrapper, combined with the
automatic generation of the var keyword, make it exceedingly difficult
- to pollute the global namespace by accident.
+ to pollute the global namespace by accident.
-
- If you'd like to create top-level variables for other scripts to use,
- attach them as properties on window, or on the exports
- object in CommonJS. The existential operator (below), gives you a
+
+ If you'd like to create top-level variables for other scripts to use,
+ attach them as properties on window, or on the exports
+ object in CommonJS. The existential operator (below), gives you a
reliable way to figure out where to add them, if you're targeting both
CommonJS and the browser: root: exports ? this
@@ -526,38 +529,6 @@ expensive = expensive ||
-
- The Existential Operator
- It's a little difficult to check for the existence of a variable in
- JavaScript. if (variable) ... comes close, but fails for zero,
- the empty string, and false. The existential operator ? returns true unless
- a variable is null or undefined, which makes it analogous
- to Ruby's nil?
-
-
- It can also be used for safer conditional assignment than ||=
- provides, for cases where you may be handling numbers or strings.
-