# Basic array comprehensions. nums = (n * n for n in [1, 2, 3] when n % 2 isnt 0) results = (n * 2 for n in nums) ok results.join(',') is '2,18' # Basic object comprehensions. obj = {one: 1, two: 2, three: 3} names = (prop + '!' for prop of obj) odds = (prop + '!' for prop, value of obj when value % 2 isnt 0) ok names.join(' ') is "one! two! three!" ok odds.join(' ') is "one! three!" # Basic range comprehensions. nums = (i * 3 for i from 1 to 3) negs = (x for x from -20 to -5*2) eq nums.concat(negs.slice 0, 3).join(' '), '3 6 9 -20 -19 -18' # With range comprehensions, you can loop in steps. eq "#{ x for x from 0 to 9 by 3 }", '0,3,6,9' eq "#{ x for x from 9 to 0 by -3 }", '9,6,3,0' eq "#{ x for x from 3*3 to 0*0 by 0-3 }", '9,6,3,0' # Multiline array comprehension with filter. evens = for num in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] when num % 2 is 0 num *= -1 num -= 2 num * -1 eq evens + '', '4,6,8' # Backward traversing. odds = (num for num in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] by -2) eq odds + '', '5,3,1' # The in operator still works, standalone. ok 2 of evens # all/from/to aren't reserved. all = from = to = 1 # Nested comprehensions. multiLiner = for x from 3 to 5 for y from 3 to 5 [x, y] singleLiner = (([x, y] for y from 3 to 5) for x from 3 to 5) ok multiLiner.length is singleLiner.length ok 5 is multiLiner[2][2][1] ok 5 is singleLiner[2][2][1] # Comprehensions within parentheses. result = null store = (obj) -> result = obj store (x * 2 for x in [3, 2, 1]) ok result.join(' ') is '6 4 2' # Closure-wrapped comprehensions that refer to the "arguments" object. expr = -> result = (item * item for item in arguments) ok expr(2, 4, 8).join(' ') is '4 16 64' # Fast object comprehensions over all properties, including prototypal ones. class Cat constructor: -> @name = 'Whiskers' breed: 'tabby' hair: 'cream' whiskers = new Cat own = (value for key, value of whiskers) all = (value for all key, value of whiskers) ok own.join(' ') is 'Whiskers' ok all.sort().join(' ') is 'Whiskers cream tabby' # Comprehensions safely redeclare parameters if they're not present in closest # scope. rule = (x) -> x learn = -> rule for rule in [1, 2, 3] ok learn().join(' ') is '1 2 3' ok rule(101) is 101 f = -> [-> ok no, 'should cache source'] ok yes for k of [f] = f() # Lenient on pure statements not trying to reach out of the closure val = for i in [1] for j in [] then break i ok val[0] is i # Comprehensions only wrap their last line in a closure, allowing other lines # to have pure expressions in them. func = -> for i in [1] return if false j for j in [1] ok func()[0][0] is 1