2015-06-07 23:07:20 -04:00
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|
|
<!--[metadata]>
|
|
|
|
|
+++
|
2016-06-13 14:08:11 -04:00
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|
|
aliases = [
|
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|
|
|
"/engine/userguide/containers/dockerimages/",
|
|
|
|
|
"/engine/userguide/dockerimages/"
|
|
|
|
|
]
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
title = "Build your own images"
|
2015-06-07 23:07:20 -04:00
|
|
|
description = "How to work with Docker images."
|
2015-12-07 15:29:09 -05:00
|
|
|
keywords = ["documentation, docs, the docker guide, docker guide, docker, docker platform, docker.io, Docker images, Docker image, image management, Docker repos, Docker repositories, docker, docker tag, docker tags, Docker Hub, collaboration"]
|
2015-06-07 23:07:20 -04:00
|
|
|
[menu.main]
|
2016-06-17 01:29:56 -04:00
|
|
|
parent = "engine_learn_menu"
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
weight = -4
|
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|
|
|
+++
|
|
|
|
|
<![end-metadata]-->
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
# Build your own images
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
Docker images are the basis of containers. Each time you've used `docker run`
|
|
|
|
|
you told it which image you wanted. In the previous sections of the guide you
|
|
|
|
|
used Docker images that already exist, for example the `ubuntu` image and the
|
|
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|
|
`training/webapp` image.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
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|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
You also discovered that Docker stores downloaded images on the Docker host. If
|
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|
|
|
an image isn't already present on the host then it'll be downloaded from a
|
2016-03-04 09:48:52 -05:00
|
|
|
registry: by default the [Docker Hub Registry](https://hub.docker.com).
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
In this section you're going to explore Docker images a bit more
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
including:
|
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|
|
2015-09-09 03:19:57 -04:00
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|
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* Managing and working with images locally on your Docker host.
|
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|
|
* Creating basic images.
|
2016-03-04 09:48:52 -05:00
|
|
|
* Uploading images to [Docker Hub Registry](https://hub.docker.com).
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Listing images on the host
|
|
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
Let's start with listing the images you have locally on our host. You can
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
do this using the `docker images` command like so:
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker images
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2016-02-02 00:57:59 -05:00
|
|
|
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
ubuntu 14.04 1d073211c498 3 days ago 187.9 MB
|
|
|
|
|
busybox latest 2c5ac3f849df 5 days ago 1.113 MB
|
|
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|
|
training/webapp latest 54bb4e8718e8 5 months ago 348.7 MB
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can see the images you've previously used in the user guide.
|
|
|
|
|
Each has been downloaded from [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com) when you
|
|
|
|
|
launched a container using that image. When you list images, you get three crucial pieces of information in the listing.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
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|
* What repository they came from, for example `ubuntu`.
|
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|
* The tags for each image, for example `14.04`.
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|
* The image ID of each image.
|
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|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
> **Tip:**
|
|
|
|
|
> You can use [a third-party dockviz tool](https://github.com/justone/dockviz)
|
|
|
|
|
> or the [Image layers site](https://imagelayers.io/) to display
|
|
|
|
|
> visualizations of image data.
|
2015-05-24 17:58:42 -04:00
|
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|
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
A repository potentially holds multiple variants of an image. In the case of
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
our `ubuntu` image you can see multiple variants covering Ubuntu 10.04, 12.04,
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
12.10, 13.04, 13.10 and 14.04. Each variant is identified by a tag and you can
|
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|
refer to a tagged image like so:
|
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|
ubuntu:14.04
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
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|
So when you run a container you refer to a tagged image like so:
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker run -t -i ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
If instead you wanted to run an Ubuntu 12.04 image you'd use:
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker run -t -i ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
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|
|
If you don't specify a variant, for example you just use `ubuntu`, then Docker
|
2014-06-11 07:16:53 -04:00
|
|
|
will default to using the `ubuntu:latest` image.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-10-08 15:35:13 -04:00
|
|
|
> **Tip:**
|
2015-11-11 18:52:31 -05:00
|
|
|
> You should always specify an image tag, for example `ubuntu:14.04`.
|
|
|
|
|
> That way, you always know exactly what variant of an image you are using.
|
|
|
|
|
> This is useful for troubleshooting and debugging.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Getting a new image
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
So how do you get new images? Well Docker will automatically download any image
|
|
|
|
|
you use that isn't already present on the Docker host. But this can potentially
|
|
|
|
|
add some time to the launch of a container. If you want to pre-load an image you
|
|
|
|
|
can download it using the `docker pull` command. Suppose you'd like to
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
download the `centos` image.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker pull centos
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2016-09-03 10:27:18 -04:00
|
|
|
Using default tag: latest
|
|
|
|
|
latest: Pulling from library/centos
|
|
|
|
|
f1b10cd84249: Pull complete
|
|
|
|
|
c852f6d61e65: Pull complete
|
|
|
|
|
7322fbe74aa5: Pull complete
|
|
|
|
|
Digest: sha256:90305c9112250c7e3746425477f1c4ef112b03b4abe78c612e092037bfecc3b7
|
|
|
|
|
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
|
2014-09-23 18:53:43 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
You can see that each layer of the image has been pulled down and now you
|
|
|
|
|
can run a container from this image and you won't have to wait to
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
download the image.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker run -t -i centos /bin/bash
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
bash-4.1#
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Finding images
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
One of the features of Docker is that a lot of people have created Docker
|
|
|
|
|
images for a variety of purposes. Many of these have been uploaded to
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
[Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com). You can search these images on the
|
2014-06-01 16:48:04 -04:00
|
|
|
[Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com) website.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-10-09 19:50:41 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
You can also search for images on the command line using the `docker search`
|
|
|
|
|
command. Suppose your team wants an image with Ruby and Sinatra installed on
|
|
|
|
|
which to do our web application development. You can search for a suitable image
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
by using the `docker search` command to find all the images that contain the
|
|
|
|
|
term `sinatra`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker search sinatra
|
2014-06-02 14:48:58 -04:00
|
|
|
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
training/sinatra Sinatra training image 0 [OK]
|
|
|
|
|
marceldegraaf/sinatra Sinatra test app 0
|
|
|
|
|
mattwarren/docker-sinatra-demo 0 [OK]
|
|
|
|
|
luisbebop/docker-sinatra-hello-world 0 [OK]
|
|
|
|
|
bmorearty/handson-sinatra handson-ruby + Sinatra for Hands on with D... 0
|
|
|
|
|
subwiz/sinatra 0
|
|
|
|
|
bmorearty/sinatra 0
|
|
|
|
|
. . .
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
You can see the command returns a lot of images that use the term `sinatra`.
|
|
|
|
|
You've received a list of image names, descriptions, Stars (which measure the
|
|
|
|
|
social popularity of images - if a user likes an image then they can "star" it),
|
|
|
|
|
and the Official and Automated build statuses. [Official
|
|
|
|
|
Repositories](https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/official_repos) are a carefully
|
|
|
|
|
curated set of Docker repositories supported by Docker, Inc. Automated
|
|
|
|
|
repositories are [Automated Builds](dockerrepos.md#automated-builds) that allow
|
|
|
|
|
you to validate the source and content of an image.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You've reviewed the images available to use and you decided to use the
|
|
|
|
|
`training/sinatra` image. So far you've seen two types of images repositories,
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
images like `ubuntu`, which are called base or root images. These base images
|
|
|
|
|
are provided by Docker Inc and are built, validated and supported. These can be
|
|
|
|
|
identified by their single word names.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
You've also seen user images, for example the `training/sinatra` image you've
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
chosen. A user image belongs to a member of the Docker community and is built
|
|
|
|
|
and maintained by them. You can identify user images as they are always
|
|
|
|
|
prefixed with the user name, here `training`, of the user that created them.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Pulling our image
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
You've identified a suitable image, `training/sinatra`, and now you can download it using the `docker pull` command.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker pull training/sinatra
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-11-01 17:22:43 -04:00
|
|
|
The team can now use this image by running their own containers.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker run -t -i training/sinatra /bin/bash
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
root@a8cb6ce02d85:/#
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Creating our own images
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
The team has found the `training/sinatra` image pretty useful but it's not quite
|
|
|
|
|
what they need and you need to make some changes to it. There are two ways you
|
|
|
|
|
can update and create images.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
1. You can update a container created from an image and commit the results to an image.
|
|
|
|
|
2. You can use a `Dockerfile` to specify instructions to create an image.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-10-06 14:57:09 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
### Updating and committing an image
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
To update an image you first need to create a container from the image
|
|
|
|
|
you'd like to update.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker run -t -i training/sinatra /bin/bash
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
root@0b2616b0e5a8:/#
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-08 15:35:13 -04:00
|
|
|
> **Note:**
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
> Take note of the container ID that has been created, `0b2616b0e5a8`, as you'll
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
> need it in a moment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016-07-17 13:58:06 -04:00
|
|
|
Inside our running container first let's update Ruby:
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2016-07-17 13:58:06 -04:00
|
|
|
root@0b2616b0e5a8:/# apt-get install -y ruby2.0-dev
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Now let's add the `json` gem.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
root@0b2616b0e5a8:/# gem2.0 install json
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Once this has completed let's exit our container using the `exit`
|
|
|
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
Now you have a container with the change you want to make. You can then
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
commit a copy of this container to an image using the `docker commit`
|
|
|
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker commit -m "Added json gem" -a "Kate Smith" \
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
0b2616b0e5a8 ouruser/sinatra:v2
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
4f177bd27a9ff0f6dc2a830403925b5360bfe0b93d476f7fc3231110e7f71b1c
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
Here you've used the `docker commit` command. You've specified two flags: `-m`
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
and `-a`. The `-m` flag allows us to specify a commit message, much like you
|
|
|
|
|
would with a commit on a version control system. The `-a` flag allows us to
|
|
|
|
|
specify an author for our update.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
You've also specified the container you want to create this new image from,
|
|
|
|
|
`0b2616b0e5a8` (the ID you recorded earlier) and you've specified a target for
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
the image:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ouruser/sinatra:v2
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
Break this target down. It consists of a new user, `ouruser`, that you're
|
|
|
|
|
writing this image to. You've also specified the name of the image, here you're
|
|
|
|
|
keeping the original image name `sinatra`. Finally you're specifying a tag for
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
the image: `v2`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
You can then look at our new `ouruser/sinatra` image using the `docker images`
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker images
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2016-02-02 00:57:59 -05:00
|
|
|
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
training/sinatra latest 5bc342fa0b91 10 hours ago 446.7 MB
|
|
|
|
|
ouruser/sinatra v2 3c59e02ddd1a 10 hours ago 446.7 MB
|
|
|
|
|
ouruser/sinatra latest 5db5f8471261 10 hours ago 446.7 MB
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
To use our new image to create a container you can then:
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
|
|
$ docker run -t -i ouruser/sinatra:v2 /bin/bash
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
|
|
|
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
root@78e82f680994:/#
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Building an image from a `Dockerfile`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Using the `docker commit` command is a pretty simple way of extending an image
|
|
|
|
|
but it's a bit cumbersome and it's not easy to share a development process for
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
images amongst a team. Instead you can use a new command, `docker build`, to
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
build new images from scratch.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
To do this you create a `Dockerfile` that contains a set of instructions that
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
|
|
|
tell Docker how to build our image.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
|
|
First, create a directory and a `Dockerfile`.
|
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$ mkdir sinatra
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$ cd sinatra
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$ touch Dockerfile
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If you are using Docker Machine on Windows, you may access your host
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directory by `cd` to `/c/Users/your_user_name`.
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Each instruction creates a new layer of the image. Try a simple example now for
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building your own Sinatra image for your fictitious development team.
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# This is a comment
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FROM ubuntu:14.04
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RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev
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RUN gem install sinatra
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Examine what your `Dockerfile` does. Each instruction prefixes a statement and
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is capitalized.
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INSTRUCTION statement
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> **Note:** You use `#` to indicate a comment
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The first instruction `FROM` tells Docker what the source of our image is, in
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this case you're basing our new image on an Ubuntu 14.04 image.
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2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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Lastly, you've specified two `RUN` instructions. A `RUN` instruction executes
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a command inside the image, for example installing a package. Here you're
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updating our APT cache, installing Ruby and RubyGems and then installing the
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Sinatra gem.
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2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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Now let's take our `Dockerfile` and use the `docker build` command to build an image.
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2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
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$ docker build -t ouruser/sinatra:v2 .
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Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB
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Sending build context to Docker daemon
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Step 1 : FROM ubuntu:14.04
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---> e54ca5efa2e9
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Step 2 : RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev
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---> Running in 3a2558904e9b
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Selecting previously unselected package libasan0:amd64.
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(Reading database ... 11518 files and directories currently installed.)
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Setting up libtsan0:amd64 (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up libyaml-0-2:amd64 (0.1.4-3ubuntu3) ...
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Setting up libmpc3:amd64 (1.0.1-1ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up openssl (1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.4) ...
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Setting up ca-certificates (20130906ubuntu2) ...
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debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
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debconf: (TERM is not set, so the dialog frontend is not usable.)
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debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
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debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
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debconf: (This frontend requires a controlling tty.)
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debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
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Setting up manpages (3.54-1ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up binutils (2.24-5ubuntu3) ...
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Setting up cpp-4.8 (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up cpp (4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6) ...
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Setting up libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up gcc-4.8 (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up gcc (4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6) ...
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Setting up libc-dev-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
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Setting up linux-libc-dev:amd64 (3.13.0-30.55) ...
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Setting up libc6-dev:amd64 (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
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Setting up manpages-dev (3.54-1ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up libruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up ruby1.9.1-dev (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1) ...
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Setting up ruby-dev (1:1.9.3.4) ...
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Setting up ruby (1:1.9.3.4) ...
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Setting up ruby1.9.1 (1.9.3.484-2ubuntu1) ...
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Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
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Processing triggers for ca-certificates (20130906ubuntu2) ...
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Updating certificates in /etc/ssl/certs... 164 added, 0 removed; done.
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Running hooks in /etc/ca-certificates/update.d....done.
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---> c55c31703134
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Removing intermediate container 3a2558904e9b
|
2016-08-06 08:34:49 -04:00
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Step 3 : RUN gem install sinatra
|
2014-07-07 14:06:34 -04:00
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---> Running in 6b81cb6313e5
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unable to convert "\xC3" to UTF-8 in conversion from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 to US-ASCII for README.rdoc, skipping
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unable to convert "\xC3" to UTF-8 in conversion from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 to US-ASCII for README.rdoc, skipping
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Successfully installed rack-1.5.2
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Successfully installed tilt-1.4.1
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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Successfully installed rack-protection-1.5.3
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Successfully installed sinatra-1.4.5
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4 gems installed
|
2014-07-07 14:06:34 -04:00
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Installing ri documentation for rack-1.5.2...
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Installing ri documentation for tilt-1.4.1...
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Installing ri documentation for rack-protection-1.5.3...
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Installing ri documentation for sinatra-1.4.5...
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Installing RDoc documentation for rack-1.5.2...
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Installing RDoc documentation for tilt-1.4.1...
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Installing RDoc documentation for rack-protection-1.5.3...
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Installing RDoc documentation for sinatra-1.4.5...
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---> 97feabe5d2ed
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Removing intermediate container 6b81cb6313e5
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Successfully built 97feabe5d2ed
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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You've specified our `docker build` command and used the `-t` flag to identify
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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our new image as belonging to the user `ouruser`, the repository name `sinatra`
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and given it the tag `v2`.
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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You've also specified the location of our `Dockerfile` using the `.` to
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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indicate a `Dockerfile` in the current directory.
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|
2014-06-08 14:15:31 -04:00
|
|
|
> **Note:**
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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|
|
> You can also specify a path to a `Dockerfile`.
|
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
|
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|
Now you can see the build process at work. The first thing Docker does is
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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upload the build context: basically the contents of the directory you're
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building in. This is done because the Docker daemon does the actual
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build of the image and it needs the local context to do it.
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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Next you can see each instruction in the `Dockerfile` being executed
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|
step-by-step. You can see that each step creates a new container, runs
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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|
the instruction inside that container and then commits that change -
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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|
just like the `docker commit` work flow you saw earlier. When all the
|
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|
instructions have executed you're left with the `97feabe5d2ed` image
|
2016-02-11 18:21:52 -05:00
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(also helpfuly tagged as `ouruser/sinatra:v2`) and all intermediate
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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containers will get removed to clean things up.
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2015-10-08 15:35:13 -04:00
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> **Note:**
|
2014-07-15 15:48:08 -04:00
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> An image can't have more than 127 layers regardless of the storage driver.
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2015-10-08 15:35:13 -04:00
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> This limitation is set globally to encourage optimization of the overall
|
2014-07-15 15:48:08 -04:00
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> size of images.
|
2014-07-07 17:17:54 -04:00
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|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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|
You can then create a container from our new image.
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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|
2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
|
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|
$ docker run -t -i ouruser/sinatra:v2 /bin/bash
|
2016-06-30 19:46:57 -04:00
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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root@8196968dac35:/#
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2015-10-08 15:35:13 -04:00
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> **Note:**
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> This is just a brief introduction to creating images. We've
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> skipped a whole bunch of other instructions that you can use. We'll see more of
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> those instructions in later sections of the Guide or you can refer to the
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> [`Dockerfile`](../reference/builder.md) reference for a
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> detailed description and examples of every instruction.
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> To help you write a clear, readable, maintainable `Dockerfile`, we've also
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> written a [`Dockerfile` Best Practices guide](../userguide/eng-image/dockerfile_best-practices.md).
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2014-10-06 14:57:09 -04:00
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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## Setting tags on an image
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You can also add a tag to an existing image after you commit or build it. We
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can do this using the `docker tag` command. Now, add a new tag to your
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`ouruser/sinatra` image.
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2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
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$ docker tag 5db5f8471261 ouruser/sinatra:devel
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The `docker tag` command takes the ID of the image, here `5db5f8471261`, and our
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user name, the repository name and the new tag.
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2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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Now, see your new tag using the `docker images` command.
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2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
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$ docker images ouruser/sinatra
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2016-02-02 00:57:59 -05:00
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
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ouruser/sinatra latest 5db5f8471261 11 hours ago 446.7 MB
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ouruser/sinatra devel 5db5f8471261 11 hours ago 446.7 MB
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ouruser/sinatra v2 5db5f8471261 11 hours ago 446.7 MB
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2015-04-21 15:47:09 -04:00
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## Image Digests
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Images that use the v2 or later format have a content-addressable identifier
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called a `digest`. As long as the input used to generate the image is
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unchanged, the digest value is predictable. To list image digest values, use
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the `--digests` flag:
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$ docker images --digests | head
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2016-02-02 00:57:59 -05:00
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REPOSITORY TAG DIGEST IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
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ouruser/sinatra latest sha256:cbbf2f9a99b47fc460d422812b6a5adff7dfee951d8fa2e4a98caa0382cfbdbf 5db5f8471261 11 hours ago 446.7 MB
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When pushing or pulling to a 2.0 registry, the `push` or `pull` command
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output includes the image digest. You can `pull` using a digest value.
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2015-12-06 18:58:46 -05:00
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$ docker pull ouruser/sinatra@sha256:cbbf2f9a99b47fc460d422812b6a5adff7dfee951d8fa2e4a98caa0382cfbdbf
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You can also reference by digest in `create`, `run`, and `rmi` commands, as well as the
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`FROM` image reference in a Dockerfile.
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2014-06-01 16:48:04 -04:00
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## Push an image to Docker Hub
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2014-06-01 16:48:04 -04:00
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Once you've built or created a new image you can push it to [Docker
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Hub](https://hub.docker.com) using the `docker push` command. This
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allows you to share it with others, either publicly, or push it into [a
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2016-03-04 09:48:52 -05:00
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private repository](https://hub.docker.com/account/billing-plans/).
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2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
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$ docker push ouruser/sinatra
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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The push refers to a repository [ouruser/sinatra] (len: 1)
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Sending image list
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Pushing repository ouruser/sinatra (3 tags)
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. . .
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## Remove an image from the host
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You can also remove images on your Docker host in a way [similar to
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2015-10-09 19:50:41 -04:00
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containers](usingdocker.md) using the `docker rmi` command.
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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Delete the `training/sinatra` image as you don't need it anymore.
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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2015-03-26 14:12:37 -04:00
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$ docker rmi training/sinatra
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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Untagged: training/sinatra:latest
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Deleted: 5bc342fa0b91cabf65246837015197eecfa24b2213ed6a51a8974ae250fedd8d
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Deleted: ed0fffdcdae5eb2c3a55549857a8be7fc8bc4241fb19ad714364cbfd7a56b22f
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Deleted: 5c58979d73ae448df5af1d8142436d81116187a7633082650549c52c3a2418f0
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2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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> **Note:** To remove an image from the host, please make sure
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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> that there are no containers actively based on it.
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# Next steps
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2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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Until now you've seen how to build individual applications inside Docker
|
2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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containers. Now learn how to build whole application stacks with Docker
|
2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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by networking together multiple Docker containers.
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2014-05-21 17:05:19 -04:00
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2015-09-30 16:11:36 -04:00
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Go to [Network containers](networkingcontainers.md).
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