Updated a bunch of formatting in the docs/sources/use files
Docker-DCO-1.1-Signed-off-by: James Turnbull <james@lovedthanlost.net> (github: jamtur01)
This commit is contained in:
James Turnbull
parent
cb0f2a2823
commit
2269472f3a
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@ -7,53 +7,48 @@ page_keywords: Examples, Usage, links, docker, documentation, examples, names, n
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## Introduction
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Rather than hardcoding network links between a service consumer and
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provider, Docker encourages service portability.
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eg, instead of
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provider, Docker encourages service portability, for example instead of:
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(consumer) --> (redis)
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requiring you to restart the `consumer` to attach it
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to a different `redis` service, you can add
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ambassadors
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Requiring you to restart the `consumer` to attach it to a different
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`redis` service, you can add ambassadors:
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(consumer) --> (redis-ambassador) --> (redis)
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or
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Or
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(consumer) --> (redis-ambassador) ---network---> (redis-ambassador) --> (redis)
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When you need to rewire your consumer to talk to a different redis
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server, you can just restart the `redis-ambassador`
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container that the consumer is connected to.
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When you need to rewire your consumer to talk to a different Redis
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server, you can just restart the `redis-ambassador` container that the
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consumer is connected to.
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This pattern also allows you to transparently move the redis server to a
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This pattern also allows you to transparently move the Redis server to a
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different docker host from the consumer.
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Using the `svendowideit/ambassador` container, the
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link wiring is controlled entirely from the `docker run`
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parameters.
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Using the `svendowideit/ambassador` container, the link wiring is
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controlled entirely from the `docker run` parameters.
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## Two host Example
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Start actual redis server on one Docker host
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Start actual Redis server on one Docker host
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big-server $ docker run -d -name redis crosbymichael/redis
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Then add an ambassador linked to the redis server, mapping a port to the
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Then add an ambassador linked to the Redis server, mapping a port to the
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outside world
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big-server $ docker run -d -link redis:redis -name redis_ambassador -p 6379:6379 svendowideit/ambassador
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On the other host, you can set up another ambassador setting environment
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variables for each remote port we want to proxy to the
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`big-server`
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variables for each remote port we want to proxy to the `big-server`
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client-server $ docker run -d -name redis_ambassador -expose 6379 -e REDIS_PORT_6379_TCP=tcp://192.168.1.52:6379 svendowideit/ambassador
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Then on the `client-server` host, you can use a
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redis client container to talk to the remote redis server, just by
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linking to the local redis ambassador.
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Then on the `client-server` host, you can use a Redis client container
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to talk to the remote Redis server, just by linking to the local Redis
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ambassador.
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client-server $ docker run -i -t -rm -link redis_ambassador:redis relateiq/redis-cli
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redis 172.17.0.160:6379> ping
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@ -61,10 +56,10 @@ linking to the local redis ambassador.
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## How it works
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The following example shows what the `svendowideit/ambassador`
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container does automatically (with a tiny amount of `sed`)
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The following example shows what the `svendowideit/ambassador` container
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does automatically (with a tiny amount of `sed`)
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On the docker host (192.168.1.52) that redis will run on:
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On the Docker host (192.168.1.52) that Redis will run on:
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# start actual redis server
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$ docker run -d -name redis crosbymichael/redis
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@ -81,8 +76,8 @@ On the docker host (192.168.1.52) that redis will run on:
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# add redis ambassador
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$ docker run -t -i -link redis:redis -name redis_ambassador -p 6379:6379 busybox sh
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in the redis_ambassador container, you can see the linked redis
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containers'senv
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In the `redis_ambassador` container, you can see the linked Redis
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containers `env`:
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$ env
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REDIS_PORT=tcp://172.17.0.136:6379
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@ -98,8 +93,8 @@ containers'senv
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PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
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PWD=/
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This environment is used by the ambassador socat script to expose redis
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to the world (via the -p 6379:6379 port mapping)
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This environment is used by the ambassador `socat` script to expose Redis
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to the world (via the `-p 6379:6379` port mapping):
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$ docker rm redis_ambassador
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$ sudo ./contrib/mkimage-unittest.sh
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@ -107,16 +102,16 @@ to the world (via the -p 6379:6379 port mapping)
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$ socat TCP4-LISTEN:6379,fork,reuseaddr TCP4:172.17.0.136:6379
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then ping the redis server via the ambassador
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Now ping the Redis server via the ambassador:
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Now goto a different server
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Now go to a different server:
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$ sudo ./contrib/mkimage-unittest.sh
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$ docker run -t -i -expose 6379 -name redis_ambassador docker-ut sh
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$ socat TCP4-LISTEN:6379,fork,reuseaddr TCP4:192.168.1.52:6379
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and get the redis-cli image so we can talk over the ambassador bridge
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And get the `redis-cli` image so we can talk over the ambassador bridge.
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$ docker pull relateiq/redis-cli
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$ docker run -i -t -rm -link redis_ambassador:redis relateiq/redis-cli
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@ -125,16 +120,16 @@ and get the redis-cli image so we can talk over the ambassador bridge
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## The svendowideit/ambassador Dockerfile
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The `svendowideit/ambassador` image is a small
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busybox image with `socat` built in. When you start
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the container, it uses a small `sed` script to parse
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out the (possibly multiple) link environment variables to set up the
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port forwarding. On the remote host, you need to set the variable using
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the `-e` command line option.
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The `svendowideit/ambassador` image is a small `busybox` image with
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`socat` built in. When you start the container, it uses a small `sed`
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script to parse out the (possibly multiple) link environment variables
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to set up the port forwarding. On the remote host, you need to set the
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variable using the `-e` command line option.
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`--expose 1234 -e REDIS_PORT_1234_TCP=tcp://192.168.1.52:6379`
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will forward the local `1234` port to the
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remote IP and port - in this case `192.168.1.52:6379`.
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--expose 1234 -e REDIS_PORT_1234_TCP=tcp://192.168.1.52:6379
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Will forward the local `1234` port to the remote IP and port, in this
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case `192.168.1.52:6379`.
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#
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#
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@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ your Docker install, run the following command:
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# Check that you have a working install
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$ docker info
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If you get `docker: command not found` or something
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like `/var/lib/docker/repositories: permission denied`
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you may have an incomplete docker installation or insufficient
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privileges to access Docker on your machine.
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If you get `docker: command not found` or something like
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`/var/lib/docker/repositories: permission denied` you may have an
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incomplete Docker installation or insufficient privileges to access
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Docker on your machine.
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Please refer to [*Installation*](/installation/#installation-list)
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for installation instructions.
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@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ for installation instructions.
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$ sudo docker pull ubuntu
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This will find the `ubuntu` image by name on
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[*Docker.io*](../workingwithrepository/#find-public-images-on-dockerio) and
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download it from [Docker.io](https://index.docker.io) to a local image
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cache.
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[*Docker.io*](../workingwithrepository/#find-public-images-on-dockerio)
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and download it from [Docker.io](https://index.docker.io) to a local
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image cache.
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> **Note**:
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> When the image has successfully downloaded, you will see a 12 character
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@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ cache.
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## Bind Docker to another host/port or a Unix socket
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> **Warning**:
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> **Warning**:
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> Changing the default `docker` daemon binding to a
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> TCP port or Unix *docker* user group will increase your security risks
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> by allowing non-root users to gain *root* access on the host. Make sure
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@ -58,41 +58,44 @@ cache.
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> to a TCP port, anyone with access to that port has full Docker access;
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> so it is not advisable on an open network.
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With `-H` it is possible to make the Docker daemon
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to listen on a specific IP and port. By default, it will listen on
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`unix:///var/run/docker.sock` to allow only local
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connections by the *root* user. You *could* set it to
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`0.0.0.0:4243` or a specific host IP to give access
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to everybody, but that is **not recommended** because then it is trivial
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for someone to gain root access to the host where the daemon is running.
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With `-H` it is possible to make the Docker daemon to listen on a
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specific IP and port. By default, it will listen on
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`unix:///var/run/docker.sock` to allow only local connections by the
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*root* user. You *could* set it to `0.0.0.0:4243` or a specific host IP
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to give access to everybody, but that is **not recommended** because
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then it is trivial for someone to gain root access to the host where the
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daemon is running.
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Similarly, the Docker client can use `-H` to connect
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to a custom port.
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Similarly, the Docker client can use `-H` to connect to a custom port.
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`-H` accepts host and port assignment in the
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following format: `tcp://[host][:port]` or
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`unix://path`
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`-H` accepts host and port assignment in the following format:
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tcp://[host][:port]` or `unix://path
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For example:
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- `tcp://host:4243` -> tcp connection on
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- `tcp://host:4243` -> TCP connection on
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host:4243
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- `unix://path/to/socket` -> unix socket located
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- `unix://path/to/socket` -> Unix socket located
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at `path/to/socket`
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`-H`, when empty, will default to the same value as
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when no `-H` was passed in.
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`-H` also accepts short form for TCP bindings:
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`host[:port]` or `:port`
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# Run docker in daemon mode
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host[:port]` or `:port
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Run Docker in daemon mode:
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$ sudo <path to>/docker -H 0.0.0.0:5555 -d &
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# Download an ubuntu image
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Download an `ubuntu` image:
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$ sudo docker -H :5555 pull ubuntu
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You can use multiple `-H`, for example, if you want
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to listen on both TCP and a Unix socket
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You can use multiple `-H`, for example, if you want to listen on both
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TCP and a Unix socket
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# Run docker in daemon mode
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$ sudo <path to>/docker -H tcp://127.0.0.1:4243 -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock -d &
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@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ operating systems.
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## Installation
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The cookbook is available on the [Chef Community
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Site](http://community.opscode.com/cookbooks/docker) and can be installed using
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your favorite cookbook dependency manager.
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Site](http://community.opscode.com/cookbooks/docker) and can be
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installed using your favorite cookbook dependency manager.
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The source can be found on
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[GitHub](https://github.com/bflad/chef-docker).
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@ -71,4 +71,4 @@ This is equivalent to running the following command, but under upstart:
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$ docker run --detach=true --publish='5000:5000' --env='SETTINGS_FLAVOR=local' --volume='/mnt/docker:/docker-storage' samalba/docker-registry
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The resources will accept a single string or an array of values for any
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docker flags that allow multiple values.
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Docker flags that allow multiple values.
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@ -10,16 +10,15 @@ You can use your Docker containers with process managers like
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## Introduction
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If you want a process manager to manage your containers you will need to
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run the docker daemon with the `-r=false` so that
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docker will not automatically restart your containers when the host is
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restarted.
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run the docker daemon with the `-r=false` so that docker will not
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automatically restart your containers when the host is restarted.
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When you have finished setting up your image and are happy with your
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running container, you can then attach a process manager to manage it.
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When your run `docker start -a` docker will
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automatically attach to the running container, or start it if needed and
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forward all signals so that the process manager can detect when a
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container stops and correctly restart it.
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When your run `docker start -a` docker will automatically attach to the
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running container, or start it if needed and forward all signals so that
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the process manager can detect when a container stops and correctly
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restart it.
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Here are a few sample scripts for systemd and upstart to integrate with
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docker.
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@ -27,9 +26,8 @@ docker.
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## Sample Upstart Script
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In this example We've already created a container to run Redis with
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`--name redis_server`. To create an upstart script
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for our container, we create a file named
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`/etc/init/redis.conf` and place the following into
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`--name redis_server`. To create an upstart script for our container, we
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create a file named `/etc/init/redis.conf` and place the following into
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it:
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description "Redis container"
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@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ page_keywords: network, networking, bridge, docker, documentation
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## Introduction
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Docker uses Linux bridge capabilities to provide network connectivity to
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containers. The `docker0` bridge interface is
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managed by Docker for this purpose. When the Docker daemon starts it :
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containers. The `docker0` bridge interface is managed by Docker for this
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purpose. When the Docker daemon starts it:
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- creates the `docker0` bridge if not present
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- searches for an IP address range which doesn't overlap with an existing route
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- picks an IP in the selected range
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- assigns this IP to the `docker0` bridge
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- Creates the `docker0` bridge if not present
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- Searches for an IP address range which doesn't overlap with an existing route
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- Picks an IP in the selected range
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- Assigns this IP to the `docker0` bridge
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<!-- -->
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@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ for the container.
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docker0 8000.fef213db5a66 no vethQCDY1N
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Above, `docker0` acts as a bridge for the `vethQCDY1N` interface which
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is dedicated to the 52f811c5d3d6 container.
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is dedicated to the `52f811c5d3d6` container.
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## How to use a specific IP address range
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@ -50,16 +50,15 @@ Docker will try hard to find an IP range that is not used by the host.
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Even though it works for most cases, it's not bullet-proof and sometimes
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you need to have more control over the IP addressing scheme.
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For this purpose, Docker allows you to manage the `docker0`
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bridge or your own one using the `-b=<bridgename>`
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parameter.
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For this purpose, Docker allows you to manage the `docker0` bridge or
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your own one using the `-b=<bridgename>` parameter.
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In this scenario:
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- ensure Docker is stopped
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- create your own bridge (`bridge0` for example)
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- assign a specific IP to this bridge
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- start Docker with the `-b=bridge0` parameter
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- Ensure Docker is stopped
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- Create your own bridge (`bridge0` for example)
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- Assign a specific IP to this bridge
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- Start Docker with the `-b=bridge0` parameter
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<!-- -->
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@ -107,29 +106,27 @@ In this scenario:
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## Container intercommunication
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The value of the Docker daemon's `icc` parameter
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determines whether containers can communicate with each other over the
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bridge network.
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The value of the Docker daemon's `icc` parameter determines whether
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containers can communicate with each other over the bridge network.
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- The default, `-icc=true` allows containers to communicate with each other.
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- `-icc=false` means containers are isolated from each other.
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Docker uses `iptables` under the hood to either
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accept or drop communication between containers.
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Docker uses `iptables` under the hood to either accept or drop
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communication between containers.
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## What is the vethXXXX device?
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Well. Things get complicated here.
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The `vethXXXX` interface is the host side of a
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point-to-point link between the host and the corresponding container;
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the other side of the link is the container's `eth0`
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interface. This pair (host `vethXXX` and container
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`eth0`) are connected like a tube. Everything that
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comes in one side will come out the other side.
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The `vethXXXX` interface is the host side of a point-to-point link
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between the host and the corresponding container; the other side of the
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link is the container's `eth0` interface. This pair (host `vethXXX` and
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container `eth0`) are connected like a tube. Everything that comes in
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one side will come out the other side.
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All the plumbing is delegated to Linux network capabilities (check the
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ip link command) and the namespaces infrastructure.
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`ip link` command) and the namespaces infrastructure.
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## I want more
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|
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@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ containers, Docker provides the linking mechanism.
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## Auto map all exposed ports on the host
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To bind all the exposed container ports to the host automatically, use
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`docker run -P <imageid>`. The mapped host ports
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will be auto-selected from a pool of unused ports (49000..49900), and
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you will need to use `docker ps`, `docker inspect <container_id>` or
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`docker port <container_id> <port>` to determine what they are.
|
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`docker run -P <imageid>`. The mapped host ports will be auto-selected
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from a pool of unused ports (49000..49900), and you will need to use
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`docker ps`, `docker inspect <container_id>` or `docker port
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<container_id> <port>` to determine what they are.
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## Binding a port to a host interface
|
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|
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@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ combinations described for TCP work. Here is only one example:
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# Bind UDP port 5353 of the container to UDP port 53 on 127.0.0.1 of the host machine.
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$ docker run -p 127.0.0.1:53:5353/udp <image> <cmd>
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The command `docker port` lists the interface and port on the host machine
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bound to a given container port. It is useful when using dynamically allocated
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ports:
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The command `docker port` lists the interface and port on the host
|
||||
machine bound to a given container port. It is useful when using
|
||||
dynamically allocated ports:
|
||||
|
||||
# Bind to a dynamically allocated port
|
||||
$ docker run -p 127.0.0.1::8080 --name dyn-bound <image> <cmd>
|
||||
|
|
@ -79,24 +79,25 @@ ports:
|
|||
## Linking a container
|
||||
|
||||
Communication between two containers can also be established in a
|
||||
docker-specific way called linking.
|
||||
Docker-specific way called linking.
|
||||
|
||||
To briefly present the concept of linking, let us consider two containers:
|
||||
`server`, containing the service, and `client`, accessing the service. Once
|
||||
`server` is running, `client` is started and links to server. Linking sets
|
||||
environment variables in `client` giving it some information about `server`.
|
||||
In this sense, linking is a method of service discovery.
|
||||
To briefly present the concept of linking, let us consider two
|
||||
containers: `server`, containing the service, and `client`, accessing
|
||||
the service. Once `server` is running, `client` is started and links to
|
||||
server. Linking sets environment variables in `client` giving it some
|
||||
information about `server`. In this sense, linking is a method of
|
||||
service discovery.
|
||||
|
||||
Let us now get back to our topic of interest; communication between the two
|
||||
containers. We mentioned that the tricky part about this communication was that
|
||||
the IP address of `server` was not fixed. Therefore, some of the environment
|
||||
variables are going to be used to inform `client` about this IP address. This
|
||||
process called exposure, is possible because `client` is started after `server`
|
||||
has been started.
|
||||
Let us now get back to our topic of interest; communication between the
|
||||
two containers. We mentioned that the tricky part about this
|
||||
communication was that the IP address of `server` was not fixed.
|
||||
Therefore, some of the environment variables are going to be used to
|
||||
inform `client` about this IP address. This process called exposure, is
|
||||
possible because the `client` is started after the `server` has been started.
|
||||
|
||||
Here is a full example. On `server`, the port of interest is exposed. The
|
||||
exposure is done either through the `--expose` parameter to the `docker run`
|
||||
command, or the `EXPOSE` build command in a Dockerfile:
|
||||
Here is a full example. On `server`, the port of interest is exposed.
|
||||
The exposure is done either through the `--expose` parameter to the
|
||||
`docker run` command, or the `EXPOSE` build command in a `Dockerfile`:
|
||||
|
||||
# Expose port 80
|
||||
$ docker run --expose 80 --name server <image> <cmd>
|
||||
|
|
@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ The `client` then links to the `server`:
|
|||
# Link
|
||||
$ docker run --name client --link server:linked-server <image> <cmd>
|
||||
|
||||
`client` locally refers to `server` as `linked-server`. The following
|
||||
Here `client` locally refers to `server` as `linked-server`. The following
|
||||
environment variables, among others, are available on `client`:
|
||||
|
||||
# The default protocol, ip, and port of the service running in the container
|
||||
|
|
@ -118,7 +119,9 @@ environment variables, among others, are available on `client`:
|
|||
$ LINKED-SERVER_PORT_80_TCP_ADDR=172.17.0.8
|
||||
$ LINKED-SERVER_PORT_80_TCP_PORT=80
|
||||
|
||||
This tells `client` that a service is running on port 80 of `server` and that
|
||||
`server` is accessible at the IP address 172.17.0.8
|
||||
This tells `client` that a service is running on port 80 of `server` and
|
||||
that `server` is accessible at the IP address `172.17.0.8`:
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note:**
|
||||
> Using the `-p` parameter also exposes the port.
|
||||
|
||||
Note: Using the `-p` parameter also exposes the port.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ page_keywords: puppet, installation, usage, docker, documentation
|
|||
## Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
To use this guide you'll need a working installation of Puppet from
|
||||
[Puppetlabs](https://puppetlabs.com) .
|
||||
[Puppet Labs](https://puppetlabs.com) .
|
||||
|
||||
The module also currently uses the official PPA so only works with
|
||||
Ubuntu.
|
||||
|
|
@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ installed using the built-in module tool.
|
|||
$ puppet module install garethr/docker
|
||||
|
||||
It can also be found on
|
||||
[GitHub](https://github.com/garethr/garethr-docker) if you would
|
||||
rather download the source.
|
||||
[GitHub](https://github.com/garethr/garethr-docker) if you would rather
|
||||
download the source.
|
||||
|
||||
## Usage
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -88,5 +88,6 @@ Run also contains a number of optional parameters:
|
|||
dns => ['8.8.8.8', '8.8.4.4'],
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Note that ports, env, dns and volumes can be set with either a single
|
||||
string or as above with an array of values.
|
||||
> *Note:*
|
||||
> The `ports`, `env`, `dns` and `volumes` attributes can be set with either a single
|
||||
> string or as above with an array of values.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -6,18 +6,16 @@ page_keywords: Examples, Usage, links, linking, docker, documentation, examples,
|
|||
|
||||
## Introduction
|
||||
|
||||
From version 0.6.5 you are now able to `name` a container and `link` it to
|
||||
another container by referring to its name. This will create a parent -> child
|
||||
relationship where the parent container can see selected information about its
|
||||
child.
|
||||
From version 0.6.5 you are now able to `name` a container and `link` it
|
||||
to another container by referring to its name. This will create a parent
|
||||
-> child relationship where the parent container can see selected
|
||||
information about its child.
|
||||
|
||||
## Container Naming
|
||||
|
||||
New in version v0.6.5.
|
||||
|
||||
You can now name your container by using the `--name` flag. If no name is
|
||||
provided, Docker will automatically generate a name. You can see this name
|
||||
using the `docker ps` command.
|
||||
You can now name your container by using the `--name` flag. If no name
|
||||
is provided, Docker will automatically generate a name. You can see this
|
||||
name using the `docker ps` command.
|
||||
|
||||
# format is "sudo docker run --name <container_name> <image_name> <command>"
|
||||
$ sudo docker run --name test ubuntu /bin/bash
|
||||
|
|
@ -29,48 +27,49 @@ using the `docker ps` command.
|
|||
|
||||
## Links: service discovery for docker
|
||||
|
||||
New in version v0.6.5.
|
||||
|
||||
Links allow containers to discover and securely communicate with each
|
||||
other by using the flag `-link name:alias`. Inter-container communication
|
||||
can be disabled with the daemon flag `-icc=false`. With this flag set to
|
||||
`false`, Container A cannot access Container unless explicitly allowed via
|
||||
a link. This is a huge win for securing your containers. When two containers
|
||||
are linked together Docker creates a parent child relationship between the
|
||||
containers. The parent container will be able to access information via
|
||||
environment variables of the child such as name, exposed ports, IP and other
|
||||
selected environment variables.
|
||||
other by using the flag `-link name:alias`. Inter-container
|
||||
communication can be disabled with the daemon flag `-icc=false`. With
|
||||
this flag set to `false`, Container A cannot access Container unless
|
||||
explicitly allowed via a link. This is a huge win for securing your
|
||||
containers. When two containers are linked together Docker creates a
|
||||
parent child relationship between the containers. The parent container
|
||||
will be able to access information via environment variables of the
|
||||
child such as name, exposed ports, IP and other selected environment
|
||||
variables.
|
||||
|
||||
When linking two containers Docker will use the exposed ports of the container
|
||||
to create a secure tunnel for the parent to access. If a database container
|
||||
only exposes port 8080 then the linked container will only be allowed to access
|
||||
port 8080 and nothing else if inter-container communication is set to false.
|
||||
When linking two containers Docker will use the exposed ports of the
|
||||
container to create a secure tunnel for the parent to access. If a
|
||||
database container only exposes port 8080 then the linked container will
|
||||
only be allowed to access port 8080 and nothing else if inter-container
|
||||
communication is set to false.
|
||||
|
||||
For example, there is an image called `crosbymichael/redis` that exposes the
|
||||
port 6379 and starts the Redis server. Let's name the container as `redis`
|
||||
based on that image and run it as daemon.
|
||||
For example, there is an image called `crosbymichael/redis` that exposes
|
||||
the port 6379 and starts the Redis server. Let's name the container as
|
||||
`redis` based on that image and run it as daemon.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo docker run -d --name redis crosbymichael/redis
|
||||
|
||||
We can issue all the commands that you would expect using the name `redis`;
|
||||
start, stop, attach, using the name for our container. The name also allows
|
||||
us to link other containers into this one.
|
||||
We can issue all the commands that you would expect using the name
|
||||
`redis`; start, stop, attach, using the name for our container. The name
|
||||
also allows us to link other containers into this one.
|
||||
|
||||
Next, we can start a new web application that has a dependency on Redis and
|
||||
apply a link to connect both containers. If you noticed when running our Redis
|
||||
server we did not use the `-p` flag to publish the Redis port to the host
|
||||
system. Redis exposed port 6379 and this is all we need to establish a link.
|
||||
Next, we can start a new web application that has a dependency on Redis
|
||||
and apply a link to connect both containers. If you noticed when running
|
||||
our Redis server we did not use the `-p` flag to publish the Redis port
|
||||
to the host system. Redis exposed port 6379 and this is all we need to
|
||||
establish a link.
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo docker run -t -i --link redis:db --name webapp ubuntu bash
|
||||
|
||||
When you specified `--link redis:db` you are telling Docker to link the
|
||||
container named `redis` into this new container with the alias `db`.
|
||||
Environment variables are prefixed with the alias so that the parent container
|
||||
can access network and environment information from the containers that are
|
||||
linked into it.
|
||||
Environment variables are prefixed with the alias so that the parent
|
||||
container can access network and environment information from the
|
||||
containers that are linked into it.
|
||||
|
||||
If we inspect the environment variables of the second container, we would see
|
||||
all the information about the child container.
|
||||
If we inspect the environment variables of the second container, we
|
||||
would see all the information about the child container.
|
||||
|
||||
$ root@4c01db0b339c:/# env
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -90,20 +89,20 @@ all the information about the child container.
|
|||
_=/usr/bin/env
|
||||
root@4c01db0b339c:/#
|
||||
|
||||
Accessing the network information along with the environment of the child
|
||||
container allows us to easily connect to the Redis service on the specific
|
||||
IP and port in the environment.
|
||||
Accessing the network information along with the environment of the
|
||||
child container allows us to easily connect to the Redis service on the
|
||||
specific IP and port in the environment.
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note**:
|
||||
> These Environment variables are only set for the first process in the
|
||||
> container. Similarly, some daemons (such as `sshd`)
|
||||
> will scrub them when spawning shells for connection.
|
||||
|
||||
You can work around this by storing the initial `env` in a file, or looking
|
||||
at `/proc/1/environ`.
|
||||
You can work around this by storing the initial `env` in a file, or
|
||||
looking at `/proc/1/environ`.
|
||||
|
||||
Running `docker ps` shows the 2 containers, and the `webapp/db` alias name for
|
||||
the Redis container.
|
||||
Running `docker ps` shows the 2 containers, and the `webapp/db` alias
|
||||
name for the Redis container.
|
||||
|
||||
$ docker ps
|
||||
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
|
||||
|
|
@ -112,13 +111,13 @@ the Redis container.
|
|||
|
||||
## Resolving Links by Name
|
||||
|
||||
New in version v0.11.
|
||||
> *Note:* New in version v0.11.
|
||||
|
||||
Linked containers can be accessed by hostname. Hostnames are mapped by
|
||||
appending entries to '/etc/hosts' using the linked container's alias.
|
||||
|
||||
For example, linking a container using '--link redis:db' will generate the
|
||||
following '/etc/hosts' file:
|
||||
For example, linking a container using '--link redis:db' will generate
|
||||
the following '/etc/hosts' file:
|
||||
|
||||
root@6541a75d44a0:/# cat /etc/hosts
|
||||
172.17.0.3 6541a75d44a0
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ page_keywords: Examples, Usage, volume, docker, documentation, examples
|
|||
|
||||
A *data volume* is a specially-designated directory within one or more
|
||||
containers that bypasses the [*Union File
|
||||
System*](/terms/layer/#ufs-def) to provide several useful features
|
||||
for persistent or shared data:
|
||||
System*](/terms/layer/#ufs-def) to provide several useful features for
|
||||
persistent or shared data:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Data volumes can be shared and reused between containers:**
|
||||
This is the feature that makes data volumes so powerful. You can
|
||||
|
|
@ -28,26 +28,22 @@ for persistent or shared data:
|
|||
|
||||
Each container can have zero or more data volumes.
|
||||
|
||||
New in version v0.3.0.
|
||||
|
||||
## Getting Started
|
||||
|
||||
Using data volumes is as simple as adding a `-v`
|
||||
parameter to the `docker run` command. The
|
||||
`-v` parameter can be used more than once in order
|
||||
to create more volumes within the new container. To create a new
|
||||
Using data volumes is as simple as adding a `-v` parameter to the
|
||||
`docker run` command. The `-v` parameter can be used more than once in
|
||||
order to create more volumes within the new container. To create a new
|
||||
container with two new volumes:
|
||||
|
||||
$ docker run -v /var/volume1 -v /var/volume2 busybox true
|
||||
|
||||
This command will create the new container with two new volumes that
|
||||
exits instantly (`true` is pretty much the smallest,
|
||||
simplest program that you can run). You can then mount its
|
||||
volumes in any other container using the `run` `--volumes-from`
|
||||
option; irrespective of whether the volume container is running or
|
||||
not.
|
||||
exits instantly (`true` is pretty much the smallest, simplest program
|
||||
that you can run). You can then mount its volumes in any other container
|
||||
using the `run` `--volumes-from` option; irrespective of whether the
|
||||
volume container is running or not.
|
||||
|
||||
Or, you can use the VOLUME instruction in a Dockerfile to add one or
|
||||
Or, you can use the `VOLUME` instruction in a `Dockerfile` to add one or
|
||||
more new volumes to any container created from that image:
|
||||
|
||||
# BUILD-USING: $ docker build -t data .
|
||||
|
|
@ -63,8 +59,8 @@ containers, or want to use from non-persistent containers, it's best to
|
|||
create a named Data Volume Container, and then to mount the data from
|
||||
it.
|
||||
|
||||
Create a named container with volumes to share (`/var/volume1`
|
||||
and `/var/volume2`):
|
||||
Create a named container with volumes to share (`/var/volume1` and
|
||||
`/var/volume2`):
|
||||
|
||||
$ docker run -v /var/volume1 -v /var/volume2 -name DATA busybox true
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -72,12 +68,12 @@ Then mount those data volumes into your application containers:
|
|||
|
||||
$ docker run -t -i -rm -volumes-from DATA -name client1 ubuntu bash
|
||||
|
||||
You can use multiple `-volumes-from` parameters to
|
||||
bring together multiple data volumes from multiple containers.
|
||||
You can use multiple `-volumes-from` parameters to bring together
|
||||
multiple data volumes from multiple containers.
|
||||
|
||||
Interestingly, you can mount the volumes that came from the
|
||||
`DATA` container in yet another container via the
|
||||
`client1` middleman container:
|
||||
Interestingly, you can mount the volumes that came from the `DATA`
|
||||
container in yet another container via the `client1` middleman
|
||||
container:
|
||||
|
||||
$ docker run -t -i -rm -volumes-from client1 -name client2 ubuntu bash
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -94,14 +90,15 @@ upgrade, or effectively migrate data volumes between containers.
|
|||
|
||||
-v=[]: Create a bind mount with: [host-dir]:[container-dir]:[rw|ro].
|
||||
|
||||
You must specify an absolute path for `host-dir`. If `host-dir` is missing from
|
||||
the command, then Docker creates a new volume. If `host-dir` is present but
|
||||
points to a non-existent directory on the host, Docker will automatically
|
||||
create this directory and use it as the source of the bind-mount.
|
||||
You must specify an absolute path for `host-dir`. If `host-dir` is
|
||||
missing from the command, then Docker creates a new volume. If
|
||||
`host-dir` is present but points to a non-existent directory on the
|
||||
host, Docker will automatically create this directory and use it as the
|
||||
source of the bind-mount.
|
||||
|
||||
Note that this is not available from a Dockerfile due the portability and
|
||||
sharing purpose of it. The `host-dir` volumes are entirely host-dependent
|
||||
and might not work on any other machine.
|
||||
Note that this is not available from a `Dockerfile` due the portability
|
||||
and sharing purpose of it. The `host-dir` volumes are entirely
|
||||
host-dependent and might not work on any other machine.
|
||||
|
||||
For example:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -110,26 +107,28 @@ For example:
|
|||
# Example:
|
||||
$ sudo docker run -i -t -v /var/log:/logs_from_host:ro ubuntu bash
|
||||
|
||||
The command above mounts the host directory `/var/log` into the container
|
||||
with *read only* permissions as `/logs_from_host`.
|
||||
The command above mounts the host directory `/var/log` into the
|
||||
container with *read only* permissions as `/logs_from_host`.
|
||||
|
||||
New in version v0.5.0.
|
||||
|
||||
### Note for OS/X users and remote daemon users:
|
||||
|
||||
OS/X users run `boot2docker` to create a minimalist virtual machine running
|
||||
the docker daemon. That virtual machine then launches docker commands on
|
||||
behalf of the OS/X command line. The means that `host directories` refer to
|
||||
directories in the `boot2docker` virtual machine, not the OS/X filesystem.
|
||||
OS/X users run `boot2docker` to create a minimalist virtual machine
|
||||
running the docker daemon. That virtual machine then launches docker
|
||||
commands on behalf of the OS/X command line. The means that `host
|
||||
directories` refer to directories in the `boot2docker` virtual machine,
|
||||
not the OS/X filesystem.
|
||||
|
||||
Similarly, anytime when the docker daemon is on a remote machine, the
|
||||
Similarly, anytime when the docker daemon is on a remote machine, the
|
||||
`host directories` always refer to directories on the daemon's machine.
|
||||
|
||||
### Backup, restore, or migrate data volumes
|
||||
|
||||
You cannot back up volumes using `docker export`, `docker save` and `docker cp`
|
||||
because they are external to images. Instead you can use `--volumes-from` to
|
||||
start a new container that can access the data-container's volume. For example:
|
||||
You cannot back up volumes using `docker export`, `docker save` and
|
||||
`docker cp` because they are external to images. Instead you can use
|
||||
`--volumes-from` to start a new container that can access the
|
||||
data-container's volume. For example:
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo docker run -rm --volumes-from DATA -v $(pwd):/backup busybox tar cvf /backup/backup.tar /data
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -144,7 +143,8 @@ start a new container that can access the data-container's volume. For example:
|
|||
- `tar cvf /backup/backup.tar /data`:
|
||||
creates an uncompressed tar file of all the files in the `/data` directory
|
||||
|
||||
Then to restore to the same container, or another that you`ve made elsewhere:
|
||||
Then to restore to the same container, or another that you've made
|
||||
elsewhere:
|
||||
|
||||
# create a new data container
|
||||
$ sudo docker run -v /data -name DATA2 busybox true
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -18,15 +18,14 @@ You can find one or more repositories hosted on a *registry*. There are
|
|||
two types of *registry*: public and private. There's also a default
|
||||
*registry* that Docker uses which is called
|
||||
[Docker.io](http://index.docker.io).
|
||||
[Docker.io](http://index.docker.io) is the home of
|
||||
"top-level" repositories and public "user" repositories. The Docker
|
||||
project provides [Docker.io](http://index.docker.io) to host public and
|
||||
[private repositories](https://index.docker.io/plans/), namespaced by
|
||||
user. We provide user authentication and search over all the public
|
||||
repositories.
|
||||
[Docker.io](http://index.docker.io) is the home of "top-level"
|
||||
repositories and public "user" repositories. The Docker project
|
||||
provides [Docker.io](http://index.docker.io) to host public and [private
|
||||
repositories](https://index.docker.io/plans/), namespaced by user. We
|
||||
provide user authentication and search over all the public repositories.
|
||||
|
||||
Docker acts as a client for these services via the `docker search`, `pull`,
|
||||
`login` and `push` commands.
|
||||
Docker acts as a client for these services via the `docker search`,
|
||||
`pull`, `login` and `push` commands.
|
||||
|
||||
## Repositories
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -42,8 +41,8 @@ There are two types of public repositories: *top-level* repositories
|
|||
which are controlled by the Docker team, and *user* repositories created
|
||||
by individual contributors. Anyone can read from these repositories –
|
||||
they really help people get started quickly! You could also use
|
||||
[*Trusted Builds*](#trusted-builds) if you need to keep
|
||||
control of who accesses your images.
|
||||
[*Trusted Builds*](#trusted-builds) if you need to keep control of who
|
||||
accesses your images.
|
||||
|
||||
- Top-level repositories can easily be recognized by **not** having a
|
||||
`/` (slash) in their name. These repositories represent trusted images
|
||||
|
|
@ -83,12 +82,11 @@ user name or description:
|
|||
...
|
||||
|
||||
There you can see two example results: `centos` and
|
||||
`slantview/centos-chef-solo`. The second result
|
||||
shows that it comes from the public repository of a user,
|
||||
`slantview/`, while the first result
|
||||
(`centos`) doesn't explicitly list a repository so
|
||||
it comes from the trusted top-level namespace. The `/`
|
||||
character separates a user's repository and the image name.
|
||||
`slantview/centos-chef-solo`. The second result shows that it comes from
|
||||
the public repository of a user, `slantview/`, while the first result
|
||||
(`centos`) doesn't explicitly list a repository so it comes from the
|
||||
trusted top-level namespace. The `/` character separates a user's
|
||||
repository and the image name.
|
||||
|
||||
Once you have found the image name, you can download it:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -98,8 +96,8 @@ Once you have found the image name, you can download it:
|
|||
539c0211cd76: Download complete
|
||||
|
||||
What can you do with that image? Check out the
|
||||
[*Examples*](/examples/#example-list) and, when you're ready with
|
||||
your own image, come back here to learn how to share it.
|
||||
[*Examples*](/examples/#example-list) and, when you're ready with your
|
||||
own image, come back here to learn how to share it.
|
||||
|
||||
## Contributing to Docker.io
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -114,10 +112,9 @@ first. You can create your username and login on
|
|||
This will prompt you for a username, which will become a public
|
||||
namespace for your public repositories.
|
||||
|
||||
If your username is available then `docker` will
|
||||
also prompt you to enter a password and your e-mail address. It will
|
||||
then automatically log you in. Now you're ready to commit and push your
|
||||
own images!
|
||||
If your username is available then `docker` will also prompt you to
|
||||
enter a password and your e-mail address. It will then automatically log
|
||||
you in. Now you're ready to commit and push your own images!
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note:**
|
||||
> Your authentication credentials will be stored in the [`.dockercfg`
|
||||
|
|
@ -150,9 +147,9 @@ or tag.
|
|||
## Trusted Builds
|
||||
|
||||
Trusted Builds automate the building and updating of images from GitHub,
|
||||
directly on `docker.io` servers. It works by adding
|
||||
a commit hook to your selected repository, triggering a build and update
|
||||
when you push a commit.
|
||||
directly on Docker.io. It works by adding a commit hook to
|
||||
your selected repository, triggering a build and update when you push a
|
||||
commit.
|
||||
|
||||
### To setup a trusted build
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -206,9 +203,10 @@ identify a host), like this:
|
|||
|
||||
Once a repository has your registry's host name as part of the tag, you
|
||||
can push and pull it like any other repository, but it will **not** be
|
||||
searchable (or indexed at all) on [Docker.io](http://index.docker.io), and there will be
|
||||
no user name checking performed. Your registry will function completely
|
||||
independently from the [Docker.io](http://index.docker.io) registry.
|
||||
searchable (or indexed at all) on [Docker.io](http://index.docker.io),
|
||||
and there will be no user name checking performed. Your registry will
|
||||
function completely independently from the
|
||||
[Docker.io](http://index.docker.io) registry.
|
||||
|
||||
<iframe width="640" height="360" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/CAewZCBT4PI?rel=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -219,15 +217,20 @@ http://blog.docker.io/2013/07/how-to-use-your-own-registry/)
|
|||
|
||||
## Authentication File
|
||||
|
||||
The authentication is stored in a json file, `.dockercfg`
|
||||
located in your home directory. It supports multiple registry
|
||||
urls.
|
||||
The authentication is stored in a JSON file, `.dockercfg`, located in
|
||||
your home directory. It supports multiple registry URLs.
|
||||
|
||||
`docker login` will create the "[https://index.docker.io/v1/](
|
||||
https://index.docker.io/v1/)" key.
|
||||
The `docker login` command will create the:
|
||||
|
||||
`docker login https://my-registry.com` will create the
|
||||
"[https://my-registry.com](https://my-registry.com)" key.
|
||||
[https://index.docker.io/v1/](https://index.docker.io/v1/)
|
||||
|
||||
key.
|
||||
|
||||
The `docker login https://my-registry.com` command will create the:
|
||||
|
||||
[https://my-registry.com](https://my-registry.com)
|
||||
|
||||
key.
|
||||
|
||||
For example:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -243,4 +246,6 @@ For example:
|
|||
}
|
||||
|
||||
The `auth` field represents
|
||||
`base64(<username>:<password>)`
|
||||
|
||||
base64(<username>:<password>)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue