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Merge pull request #921 from dhrp/docs-redirects-and-fixes
Fixes on documentation. LGTM
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commit
702c3538a4
11 changed files with 82 additions and 190 deletions
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:title: Introduction
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:description: An introduction to docker and standard containers?
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:keywords: containers, lxc, concepts, explanation, docker, documentation
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:note: This version of the introduction is temporary, just to make sure we don't break the links from the website when the documentation is updated
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This document has been moved to :ref:`introduction`, please update your bookmarks.
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:title: Introduction
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:description: An introduction to docker and standard containers?
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:keywords: containers, lxc, concepts, explanation
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Introduction
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============
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Docker -- The Linux container runtime
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-------------------------------------
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Docker complements LXC with a high-level API which operates at the process level. It runs unix processes with strong guarantees of isolation and repeatability across servers.
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Docker is a great building block for automating distributed systems: large-scale web deployments, database clusters, continuous deployment systems, private PaaS, service-oriented architectures, etc.
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- **Heterogeneous payloads** Any combination of binaries, libraries, configuration files, scripts, virtualenvs, jars, gems, tarballs, you name it. No more juggling between domain-specific tools. Docker can deploy and run them all.
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- **Any server** Docker can run on any x64 machine with a modern linux kernel - whether it's a laptop, a bare metal server or a VM. This makes it perfect for multi-cloud deployments.
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- **Isolation** docker isolates processes from each other and from the underlying host, using lightweight containers.
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- **Repeatability** Because containers are isolated in their own filesystem, they behave the same regardless of where, when, and alongside what they run.
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.. image:: images/lego_docker.jpg
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What is a Standard Container?
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-----------------------------
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Docker defines a unit of software delivery called a Standard Container. The goal of a Standard Container is to encapsulate a software component and all its dependencies in
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a format that is self-describing and portable, so that any compliant runtime can run it without extra dependency, regardless of the underlying machine and the contents of the container.
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The spec for Standard Containers is currently work in progress, but it is very straightforward. It mostly defines 1) an image format, 2) a set of standard operations, and 3) an execution environment.
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A great analogy for this is the shipping container. Just like Standard Containers are a fundamental unit of software delivery, shipping containers (http://bricks.argz.com/ins/7823-1/12) are a fundamental unit of physical delivery.
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Standard operations
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Just like shipping containers, Standard Containers define a set of STANDARD OPERATIONS. Shipping containers can be lifted, stacked, locked, loaded, unloaded and labelled. Similarly, standard containers can be started, stopped, copied, snapshotted, downloaded, uploaded and tagged.
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Content-agnostic
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Just like shipping containers, Standard Containers are CONTENT-AGNOSTIC: all standard operations have the same effect regardless of the contents. A shipping container will be stacked in exactly the same way whether it contains Vietnamese powder coffee or spare Maserati parts. Similarly, Standard Containers are started or uploaded in the same way whether they contain a postgres database, a php application with its dependencies and application server, or Java build artifacts.
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Infrastructure-agnostic
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Both types of containers are INFRASTRUCTURE-AGNOSTIC: they can be transported to thousands of facilities around the world, and manipulated by a wide variety of equipment. A shipping container can be packed in a factory in Ukraine, transported by truck to the nearest routing center, stacked onto a train, loaded into a German boat by an Australian-built crane, stored in a warehouse at a US facility, etc. Similarly, a standard container can be bundled on my laptop, uploaded to S3, downloaded, run and snapshotted by a build server at Equinix in Virginia, uploaded to 10 staging servers in a home-made Openstack cluster, then sent to 30 production instances across 3 EC2 regions.
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Designed for automation
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Because they offer the same standard operations regardless of content and infrastructure, Standard Containers, just like their physical counterpart, are extremely well-suited for automation. In fact, you could say automation is their secret weapon.
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Many things that once required time-consuming and error-prone human effort can now be programmed. Before shipping containers, a bag of powder coffee was hauled, dragged, dropped, rolled and stacked by 10 different people in 10 different locations by the time it reached its destination. 1 out of 50 disappeared. 1 out of 20 was damaged. The process was slow, inefficient and cost a fortune - and was entirely different depending on the facility and the type of goods.
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Similarly, before Standard Containers, by the time a software component ran in production, it had been individually built, configured, bundled, documented, patched, vendored, templated, tweaked and instrumented by 10 different people on 10 different computers. Builds failed, libraries conflicted, mirrors crashed, post-it notes were lost, logs were misplaced, cluster updates were half-broken. The process was slow, inefficient and cost a fortune - and was entirely different depending on the language and infrastructure provider.
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Industrial-grade delivery
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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There are 17 million shipping containers in existence, packed with every physical good imaginable. Every single one of them can be loaded on the same boats, by the same cranes, in the same facilities, and sent anywhere in the World with incredible efficiency. It is embarrassing to think that a 30 ton shipment of coffee can safely travel half-way across the World in *less time* than it takes a software team to deliver its code from one datacenter to another sitting 10 miles away.
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With Standard Containers we can put an end to that embarrassment, by making INDUSTRIAL-GRADE DELIVERY of software a reality.
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Standard Container Specification
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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(TODO)
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Image format
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Standard operations
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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- Copy
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- Run
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- Stop
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- Wait
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- Commit
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- Attach standard streams
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- List filesystem changes
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- ...
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Execution environment
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Root filesystem
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Environment variables
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Process arguments
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Networking
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^^^^^^^^^^
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Process namespacing
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Resource limits
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Process monitoring
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Logging
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^^^^^^^
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Signals
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^^^^^^^
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Pseudo-terminal allocation
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Security
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^^^^^^^^
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@ -20,6 +20,20 @@ import sys, os
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# -- General configuration -----------------------------------------------------
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# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
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# template names.
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# the 'redirect_home.html' page redirects using a http meta refresh which, according
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# to official sources is more or less equivalent of a 301.
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html_additional_pages = {
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'concepts/containers': 'redirect_home.html',
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'concepts/introduction': 'redirect_home.html',
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}
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# If your documentation needs a minimal Sphinx version, state it here.
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#needs_sphinx = '1.0'
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# The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
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# docs. This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
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# pixels large.
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#html_favicon = None
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# We use a png favicon. This is not compatible with internet explorer, but looks
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# much better on all other browsers. However, sphynx doesn't like it (it likes
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# .ico better) so we have just put it in the template rather than used this setting
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# html_favicon = 'favicon.png'
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# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
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# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
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# Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
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#html_sidebars = {}
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# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
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# template names.
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#html_additional_pages = {}
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# If false, no module index is generated.
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#html_domain_indices = True
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:title: Index Environment Variable
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:description: Setting this environment variable on the docker server will change the URL docker index.
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:keywords: docker, index environment variable, documentation
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=================================
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Docker Index Environment Variable
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=================================
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Variable
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--------
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.. code-block:: sh
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DOCKER_INDEX_URL
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Setting this environment variable on the docker server will change the URL docker index.
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This address is used in commands such as ``docker login``, ``docker push`` and ``docker pull``.
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The docker daemon doesn't need to be restarted for this parameter to take effect.
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Example
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-------
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.. code-block:: sh
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docker -d &
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export DOCKER_INDEX_URL="https://index.docker.io"
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# for example docker push dhrp/kickassapp
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docker push <image-name>
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Changing the server to connect to
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----------------------------------
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When you are running your own index and/or registry, You can change the server the docker client will connect to.
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Variable
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^^^^^^^^
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.. code-block:: sh
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DOCKER_INDEX_URL
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Setting this environment variable on the docker server will change the URL docker index.
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This address is used in commands such as ``docker login``, ``docker push`` and ``docker pull``.
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The docker daemon doesn't need to be restarted for this parameter to take effect.
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Example
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^^^^^^^
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.. code-block:: sh
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docker -d &
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export DOCKER_INDEX_URL="https://index.docker.io"
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12
docs/theme/docker/layout.html
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{%- set script_files = script_files + ['_static/js/docs.js'] %}
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<link rel="canonical" href="http://docs.docker.io/en/latest/{{ pagename }}/">
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{%- for cssfile in css_files %}
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ pathto(cssfile, 1) }}" type="text/css" />
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{%- endfor %}
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<script type="text/javascript" src="{{ pathto(scriptfile, 1) }}"></script>
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{%- endfor %}
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{%- if favicon %}
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<link rel="shortcut icon" href="{{ pathto('_static/' + favicon, 1) }}"/>
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{%- endif %}
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<link rel="shortcut icon" href="{{ pathto('_static/favicon.png', 1) }}"/>
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{%- block extrahead %}{% endblock %}
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<!-- Docs nav
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================================================== -->
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<div class="row" style="position: relative">
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<div class="span3" style="height:100%;" >
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</div>
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<div class="span3 sidebar bs-docs-sidebar" style="position: absolute">
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<div class="span3 sidebar bs-docs-sidebar">
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{{ toctree(collapse=False, maxdepth=3) }}
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</div>
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12
docs/theme/docker/redirect_home.html
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docs/theme/docker/redirect_home.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>Page Moved</title>
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<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=http://docks.docker.io/en/latest/">
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</head>
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<body>
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This page has moved. Perhaps you should visit the <a href="http://docs.docker.io/" title="documentation homepage">Documentation Homepage</a>
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</body>
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</html>
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docs/theme/docker/static/css/main.css
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10
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.sidebar {
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font-weight: normal;
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float: left;
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min-height: 475px;
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/* min-height: 475px;*/
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background: #ececec;
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border-left: 1px solid #bbbbbb;
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border-right: 1px solid #cccccc;
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/* border-left: 1px solid #bbbbbb;*/
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/* border-right: 1px solid #cccccc;*/
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position: relative;
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}
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.sidebar ul {
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#global {
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/* TODO: Fix this to be relative to the navigation size */
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padding-top: 600px;
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}
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#fork-us {
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display: none;
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29
docs/theme/docker/static/css/main.less
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docs/theme/docker/static/css/main.less
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}
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.sidebar {
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// font-family: "Maven Pro";
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font-weight: normal;
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// margin-top: 38px;
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float: left;
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// width: 220px;
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/* min-height: 475px;*/
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// margin-bottom: 28px;
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// padding-bottom: 120px;
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background: #ececec;
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/* border-left: 1px solid #bbbbbb;*/
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/* border-right: 1px solid #cccccc;*/
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position: relative;
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.sidebar {
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// font-family: "Maven Pro";
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font-weight: normal;
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// margin-top: 38px;
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float: left;
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// width: 220px;
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min-height: 475px;
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// margin-bottom: 28px;
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// padding-bottom: 120px;
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background: #ececec;
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border-left: 1px solid #bbbbbb;
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border-right: 1px solid #cccccc;
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position: relative;
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ul {
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padding: 0px;
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}
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#global {
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/* TODO: Fix this to be relative to the navigation size */
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padding-top: 600px;
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// padding-top: 600px;
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}
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#fork-us {
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display: none;
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