moby--moby/runconfig/opts/parse.go

package opts

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"path"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/docker/docker/opts"
	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/mount"
	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/signal"
	"github.com/docker/engine-api/types/container"
	networktypes "github.com/docker/engine-api/types/network"
	"github.com/docker/engine-api/types/strslice"
	"github.com/docker/go-connections/nat"
	units "github.com/docker/go-units"
	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
)

// ContainerOptions is a data object with all the options for creating a container
// TODO: remove fl prefix
type ContainerOptions struct {
	flAttach            opts.ListOpts
	flVolumes           opts.ListOpts
	flTmpfs             opts.ListOpts
	flBlkioWeightDevice WeightdeviceOpt
	flDeviceReadBps     ThrottledeviceOpt
	flDeviceWriteBps    ThrottledeviceOpt
	flLinks             opts.ListOpts
	flAliases           opts.ListOpts
	flLinkLocalIPs      opts.ListOpts
	flDeviceReadIOps    ThrottledeviceOpt
	flDeviceWriteIOps   ThrottledeviceOpt
	flEnv               opts.ListOpts
	flLabels            opts.ListOpts
	flDevices           opts.ListOpts
	flUlimits           *UlimitOpt
	flSysctls           *opts.MapOpts
	flPublish           opts.ListOpts
	flExpose            opts.ListOpts
	flDNS               opts.ListOpts
	flDNSSearch         opts.ListOpts
	flDNSOptions        opts.ListOpts
	flExtraHosts        opts.ListOpts
	flVolumesFrom       opts.ListOpts
	flEnvFile           opts.ListOpts
	flCapAdd            opts.ListOpts
	flCapDrop           opts.ListOpts
	flGroupAdd          opts.ListOpts
	flSecurityOpt       opts.ListOpts
	flStorageOpt        opts.ListOpts
	flLabelsFile        opts.ListOpts
	flLoggingOpts       opts.ListOpts
	flPrivileged        bool
	flPidMode           string
	flUTSMode           string
	flUsernsMode        string
	flPublishAll        bool
	flStdin             bool
	flTty               bool
	flOomKillDisable    bool
	flOomScoreAdj       int
	flContainerIDFile   string
	flEntrypoint        string
	flHostname          string
	flMemoryString      string
	flMemoryReservation string
	flMemorySwap        string
	flKernelMemory      string
	flUser              string
	flWorkingDir        string
	flCPUShares         int64
	flCPUPercent        int64
	flCPUPeriod         int64
	flCPUQuota          int64
	flCpusetCpus        string
	flCpusetMems        string
	flBlkioWeight       uint16
	flIOMaxBandwidth    string
	flIOMaxIOps         uint64
	flSwappiness        int64
	flNetMode           string
	flMacAddress        string
	flIPv4Address       string
	flIPv6Address       string
	flIpcMode           string
	flPidsLimit         int64
	flRestartPolicy     string
	flReadonlyRootfs    bool
	flLoggingDriver     string
	flCgroupParent      string
	flVolumeDriver      string
	flStopSignal        string
	flIsolation         string
	flShmSize           string
	flNoHealthcheck     bool
	flHealthCmd         string
	flHealthInterval    time.Duration
	flHealthTimeout     time.Duration
	flHealthRetries     int
	flRuntime           string
	flAutoRemove        bool

	Image string
	Args  []string
}

// AddFlags adds all command line flags that will be used by Parse to the FlagSet
func AddFlags(flags *pflag.FlagSet) *ContainerOptions {
	copts := &ContainerOptions{
		flAliases:           opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flAttach:            opts.NewListOpts(ValidateAttach),
		flBlkioWeightDevice: NewWeightdeviceOpt(ValidateWeightDevice),
		flCapAdd:            opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flCapDrop:           opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flDNS:               opts.NewListOpts(opts.ValidateIPAddress),
		flDNSOptions:        opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flDNSSearch:         opts.NewListOpts(opts.ValidateDNSSearch),
		flDeviceReadBps:     NewThrottledeviceOpt(ValidateThrottleBpsDevice),
		flDeviceReadIOps:    NewThrottledeviceOpt(ValidateThrottleIOpsDevice),
		flDeviceWriteBps:    NewThrottledeviceOpt(ValidateThrottleBpsDevice),
		flDeviceWriteIOps:   NewThrottledeviceOpt(ValidateThrottleIOpsDevice),
		flDevices:           opts.NewListOpts(ValidateDevice),
		flEnv:               opts.NewListOpts(ValidateEnv),
		flEnvFile:           opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flExpose:            opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flExtraHosts:        opts.NewListOpts(ValidateExtraHost),
		flGroupAdd:          opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flLabels:            opts.NewListOpts(ValidateEnv),
		flLabelsFile:        opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flLinkLocalIPs:      opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flLinks:             opts.NewListOpts(ValidateLink),
		flLoggingOpts:       opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flPublish:           opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flSecurityOpt:       opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flStorageOpt:        opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flSysctls:           opts.NewMapOpts(nil, opts.ValidateSysctl),
		flTmpfs:             opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flUlimits:           NewUlimitOpt(nil),
		flVolumes:           opts.NewListOpts(nil),
		flVolumesFrom:       opts.NewListOpts(nil),
	}

	// General purpose flags
	flags.VarP(&copts.flAttach, "attach", "a", "Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR")
	flags.Var(&copts.flDevices, "device", "Add a host device to the container")
	flags.VarP(&copts.flEnv, "env", "e", "Set environment variables")
	flags.Var(&copts.flEnvFile, "env-file", "Read in a file of environment variables")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flEntrypoint, "entrypoint", "", "Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image")
	flags.Var(&copts.flGroupAdd, "group-add", "Add additional groups to join")
	flags.StringVarP(&copts.flHostname, "hostname", "h", "", "Container host name")
	flags.BoolVarP(&copts.flStdin, "interactive", "i", false, "Keep STDIN open even if not attached")
	flags.VarP(&copts.flLabels, "label", "l", "Set meta data on a container")
	flags.Var(&copts.flLabelsFile, "label-file", "Read in a line delimited file of labels")
	flags.BoolVar(&copts.flReadonlyRootfs, "read-only", false, "Mount the container's root filesystem as read only")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flRestartPolicy, "restart", "no", "Restart policy to apply when a container exits")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flStopSignal, "stop-signal", signal.DefaultStopSignal, fmt.Sprintf("Signal to stop a container, %v by default", signal.DefaultStopSignal))
	flags.Var(copts.flSysctls, "sysctl", "Sysctl options")
	flags.BoolVarP(&copts.flTty, "tty", "t", false, "Allocate a pseudo-TTY")
	flags.Var(copts.flUlimits, "ulimit", "Ulimit options")
	flags.StringVarP(&copts.flUser, "user", "u", "", "Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])")
	flags.StringVarP(&copts.flWorkingDir, "workdir", "w", "", "Working directory inside the container")
	flags.BoolVar(&copts.flAutoRemove, "rm", false, "Automatically remove the container when it exits")

	// Security
	flags.Var(&copts.flCapAdd, "cap-add", "Add Linux capabilities")
	flags.Var(&copts.flCapDrop, "cap-drop", "Drop Linux capabilities")
	flags.BoolVar(&copts.flPrivileged, "privileged", false, "Give extended privileges to this container")
	flags.Var(&copts.flSecurityOpt, "security-opt", "Security Options")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flUsernsMode, "userns", "", "User namespace to use")

	// Network and port publishing flag
	flags.Var(&copts.flExtraHosts, "add-host", "Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)")
	flags.Var(&copts.flDNS, "dns", "Set custom DNS servers")
	flags.Var(&copts.flDNSOptions, "dns-opt", "Set DNS options")
	flags.Var(&copts.flDNSSearch, "dns-search", "Set custom DNS search domains")
	flags.Var(&copts.flExpose, "expose", "Expose a port or a range of ports")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flIPv4Address, "ip", "", "Container IPv4 address (e.g. 172.30.100.104)")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flIPv6Address, "ip6", "", "Container IPv6 address (e.g. 2001:db8::33)")
	flags.Var(&copts.flLinks, "link", "Add link to another container")
	flags.Var(&copts.flLinkLocalIPs, "link-local-ip", "Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flMacAddress, "mac-address", "", "Container MAC address (e.g. 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)")
	flags.VarP(&copts.flPublish, "publish", "p", "Publish a container's port(s) to the host")
	flags.BoolVarP(&copts.flPublishAll, "publish-all", "P", false, "Publish all exposed ports to random ports")
	// We allow for both "--net" and "--network", although the latter is the recommended way.
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flNetMode, "net", "default", "Connect a container to a network")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flNetMode, "network", "default", "Connect a container to a network")
	flags.MarkHidden("net")
	// We allow for both "--net-alias" and "--network-alias", although the latter is the recommended way.
	flags.Var(&copts.flAliases, "net-alias", "Add network-scoped alias for the container")
	flags.Var(&copts.flAliases, "network-alias", "Add network-scoped alias for the container")
	flags.MarkHidden("net-alias")

	// Logging and storage
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flLoggingDriver, "log-driver", "", "Logging driver for the container")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flVolumeDriver, "volume-driver", "", "Optional volume driver for the container")
	flags.Var(&copts.flLoggingOpts, "log-opt", "Log driver options")
	flags.Var(&copts.flStorageOpt, "storage-opt", "Storage driver options for the container")
	flags.Var(&copts.flTmpfs, "tmpfs", "Mount a tmpfs directory")
	flags.Var(&copts.flVolumesFrom, "volumes-from", "Mount volumes from the specified container(s)")
	flags.VarP(&copts.flVolumes, "volume", "v", "Bind mount a volume")

	// Health-checking
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flHealthCmd, "health-cmd", "", "Command to run to check health")
	flags.DurationVar(&copts.flHealthInterval, "health-interval", 0, "Time between running the check")
	flags.IntVar(&copts.flHealthRetries, "health-retries", 0, "Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy")
	flags.DurationVar(&copts.flHealthTimeout, "health-timeout", 0, "Maximum time to allow one check to run")
	flags.BoolVar(&copts.flNoHealthcheck, "no-healthcheck", false, "Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK")

	// Resource management
	flags.Uint16Var(&copts.flBlkioWeight, "blkio-weight", 0, "Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000")
	flags.Var(&copts.flBlkioWeightDevice, "blkio-weight-device", "Block IO weight (relative device weight)")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flContainerIDFile, "cidfile", "", "Write the container ID to the file")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flCpusetCpus, "cpuset-cpus", "", "CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flCpusetMems, "cpuset-mems", "", "MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)")
	flags.Int64Var(&copts.flCPUPercent, "cpu-percent", 0, "CPU percent (Windows only)")
	flags.Int64Var(&copts.flCPUPeriod, "cpu-period", 0, "Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period")
	flags.Int64Var(&copts.flCPUQuota, "cpu-quota", 0, "Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota")
	flags.Int64VarP(&copts.flCPUShares, "cpu-shares", "c", 0, "CPU shares (relative weight)")
	flags.Var(&copts.flDeviceReadBps, "device-read-bps", "Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device")
	flags.Var(&copts.flDeviceReadIOps, "device-read-iops", "Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device")
	flags.Var(&copts.flDeviceWriteBps, "device-write-bps", "Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device")
	flags.Var(&copts.flDeviceWriteIOps, "device-write-iops", "Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flIOMaxBandwidth, "io-maxbandwidth", "", "Maximum IO bandwidth limit for the system drive (Windows only)")
	flags.Uint64Var(&copts.flIOMaxIOps, "io-maxiops", 0, "Maximum IOps limit for the system drive (Windows only)")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flKernelMemory, "kernel-memory", "", "Kernel memory limit")
	flags.StringVarP(&copts.flMemoryString, "memory", "m", "", "Memory limit")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flMemoryReservation, "memory-reservation", "", "Memory soft limit")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flMemorySwap, "memory-swap", "", "Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap")
	flags.Int64Var(&copts.flSwappiness, "memory-swappiness", -1, "Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100)")
	flags.BoolVar(&copts.flOomKillDisable, "oom-kill-disable", false, "Disable OOM Killer")
	flags.IntVar(&copts.flOomScoreAdj, "oom-score-adj", 0, "Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)")
	flags.Int64Var(&copts.flPidsLimit, "pids-limit", 0, "Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)")

	// Low-level execution (cgroups, namespaces, ...)
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flCgroupParent, "cgroup-parent", "", "Optional parent cgroup for the container")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flIpcMode, "ipc", "", "IPC namespace to use")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flIsolation, "isolation", "", "Container isolation technology")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flPidMode, "pid", "", "PID namespace to use")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flShmSize, "shm-size", "", "Size of /dev/shm, default value is 64MB")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flUTSMode, "uts", "", "UTS namespace to use")
	flags.StringVar(&copts.flRuntime, "runtime", "", "Runtime to use for this container")
	return copts
}

// Parse parses the args for the specified command and generates a Config,
// a HostConfig and returns them with the specified command.
// If the specified args are not valid, it will return an error.
func Parse(flags *pflag.FlagSet, copts *ContainerOptions) (*container.Config, *container.HostConfig, *networktypes.NetworkingConfig, error) {
	var (
		attachStdin  = copts.flAttach.Get("stdin")
		attachStdout = copts.flAttach.Get("stdout")
		attachStderr = copts.flAttach.Get("stderr")
	)

	// Validate the input mac address
	if copts.flMacAddress != "" {
		if _, err := ValidateMACAddress(copts.flMacAddress); err != nil {
			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("%s is not a valid mac address", copts.flMacAddress)
		}
	}
	if copts.flStdin {
		attachStdin = true
	}
	// If -a is not set, attach to stdout and stderr
	if copts.flAttach.Len() == 0 {
		attachStdout = true
		attachStderr = true
	}

	var err error

	var flMemory int64
	if copts.flMemoryString != "" {
		flMemory, err = units.RAMInBytes(copts.flMemoryString)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, nil, err
		}
	}

	var MemoryReservation int64
	if copts.flMemoryReservation != "" {
		MemoryReservation, err = units.RAMInBytes(copts.flMemoryReservation)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, nil, err
		}
	}

	var memorySwap int64
	if copts.flMemorySwap != "" {
		if copts.flMemorySwap == "-1" {
			memorySwap = -1
		} else {
			memorySwap, err = units.RAMInBytes(copts.flMemorySwap)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, nil, err
			}
		}
	}

	var KernelMemory int64
	if copts.flKernelMemory != "" {
		KernelMemory, err = units.RAMInBytes(copts.flKernelMemory)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, nil, err
		}
	}

	swappiness := copts.flSwappiness
	if swappiness != -1 && (swappiness < 0 || swappiness > 100) {
		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid value: %d. Valid memory swappiness range is 0-100", swappiness)
	}

	var shmSize int64
	if copts.flShmSize != "" {
		shmSize, err = units.RAMInBytes(copts.flShmSize)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, nil, err
		}
	}

	// TODO FIXME units.RAMInBytes should have a uint64 version
	var maxIOBandwidth int64
	if copts.flIOMaxBandwidth != "" {
		maxIOBandwidth, err = units.RAMInBytes(copts.flIOMaxBandwidth)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, nil, err
		}
		if maxIOBandwidth < 0 {
			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid value: %s. Maximum IO Bandwidth must be positive", copts.flIOMaxBandwidth)
		}
	}

	var binds []string
	// add any bind targets to the list of container volumes
	for bind := range copts.flVolumes.GetMap() {
		if arr := volumeSplitN(bind, 2); len(arr) > 1 {
			// after creating the bind mount we want to delete it from the copts.flVolumes values because
			// we do not want bind mounts being committed to image configs
			binds = append(binds, bind)
			copts.flVolumes.Delete(bind)
		}
	}

	// Can't evaluate options passed into --tmpfs until we actually mount
	tmpfs := make(map[string]string)
	for _, t := range copts.flTmpfs.GetAll() {
		if arr := strings.SplitN(t, ":", 2); len(arr) > 1 {
			if _, _, err := mount.ParseTmpfsOptions(arr[1]); err != nil {
				return nil, nil, nil, err
			}
			tmpfs[arr[0]] = arr[1]
		} else {
			tmpfs[arr[0]] = ""
		}
	}

	var (
		runCmd     strslice.StrSlice
		entrypoint strslice.StrSlice
	)
	if len(copts.Args) > 0 {
		runCmd = strslice.StrSlice(copts.Args)
	}
	if copts.flEntrypoint != "" {
		entrypoint = strslice.StrSlice{copts.flEntrypoint}
	} else if flags.Changed("entrypoint") {
		// if `--entrypoint=` is parsed then Entrypoint is reset
		entrypoint = []string{""}
	}

	ports, portBindings, err := nat.ParsePortSpecs(copts.flPublish.GetAll())
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, nil, err
	}

	// Merge in exposed ports to the map of published ports
	for _, e := range copts.flExpose.GetAll() {
		if strings.Contains(e, ":") {
			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid port format for --expose: %s", e)
		}
		//support two formats for expose, original format <portnum>/[<proto>] or <startport-endport>/[<proto>]
		proto, port := nat.SplitProtoPort(e)
		//parse the start and end port and create a sequence of ports to expose
		//if expose a port, the start and end port are the same
		start, end, err := nat.ParsePortRange(port)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid range format for --expose: %s, error: %s", e, err)
		}
		for i := start; i <= end; i++ {
			p, err := nat.NewPort(proto, strconv.FormatUint(i, 10))
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, nil, err
			}
			if _, exists := ports[p]; !exists {
				ports[p] = struct{}{}
			}
		}
	}

	// parse device mappings
	deviceMappings := []container.DeviceMapping{}
	for _, device := range copts.flDevices.GetAll() {
		deviceMapping, err := ParseDevice(device)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, nil, err
		}
		deviceMappings = append(deviceMappings, deviceMapping)
	}

	// collect all the environment variables for the container
	envVariables, err := readKVStrings(copts.flEnvFile.GetAll(), copts.flEnv.GetAll())
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, nil, err
	}

	// collect all the labels for the container
	labels, err := readKVStrings(copts.flLabelsFile.GetAll(), copts.flLabels.GetAll())
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, nil, err
	}

	ipcMode := container.IpcMode(copts.flIpcMode)
	if !ipcMode.Valid() {
		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("--ipc: invalid IPC mode")
	}

	pidMode := container.PidMode(copts.flPidMode)
	if !pidMode.Valid() {
		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("--pid: invalid PID mode")
	}

	utsMode := container.UTSMode(copts.flUTSMode)
	if !utsMode.Valid() {
		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("--uts: invalid UTS mode")
	}

	usernsMode := container.UsernsMode(copts.flUsernsMode)
	if !usernsMode.Valid() {
		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("--userns: invalid USER mode")
	}

	restartPolicy, err := ParseRestartPolicy(copts.flRestartPolicy)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, nil, err
	}

	loggingOpts, err := parseLoggingOpts(copts.flLoggingDriver, copts.flLoggingOpts.GetAll())
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, nil, err
	}

	securityOpts, err := parseSecurityOpts(copts.flSecurityOpt.GetAll())
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, nil, err
	}

	storageOpts, err := parseStorageOpts(copts.flStorageOpt.GetAll())
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, nil, err
	}

	// Healthcheck
	var healthConfig *container.HealthConfig
	haveHealthSettings := copts.flHealthCmd != "" ||
		copts.flHealthInterval != 0 ||
		copts.flHealthTimeout != 0 ||
		copts.flHealthRetries != 0
	if copts.flNoHealthcheck {
		if haveHealthSettings {
			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("--no-healthcheck conflicts with --health-* options")
		}
		test := strslice.StrSlice{"NONE"}
		healthConfig = &container.HealthConfig{Test: test}
	} else if haveHealthSettings {
		var probe strslice.StrSlice
		if copts.flHealthCmd != "" {
			args := []string{"CMD-SHELL", copts.flHealthCmd}
			probe = strslice.StrSlice(args)
		}
		if copts.flHealthInterval < 0 {
			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("--health-interval cannot be negative")
		}
		if copts.flHealthTimeout < 0 {
			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("--health-timeout cannot be negative")
		}

		healthConfig = &container.HealthConfig{
			Test:     probe,
			Interval: copts.flHealthInterval,
			Timeout:  copts.flHealthTimeout,
			Retries:  copts.flHealthRetries,
		}
	}

	resources := container.Resources{
		CgroupParent:         copts.flCgroupParent,
		Memory:               flMemory,
		MemoryReservation:    MemoryReservation,
		MemorySwap:           memorySwap,
		MemorySwappiness:     &copts.flSwappiness,
		KernelMemory:         KernelMemory,
		OomKillDisable:       &copts.flOomKillDisable,
		CPUPercent:           copts.flCPUPercent,
		CPUShares:            copts.flCPUShares,
		CPUPeriod:            copts.flCPUPeriod,
		CpusetCpus:           copts.flCpusetCpus,
		CpusetMems:           copts.flCpusetMems,
		CPUQuota:             copts.flCPUQuota,
		PidsLimit:            copts.flPidsLimit,
		BlkioWeight:          copts.flBlkioWeight,
		BlkioWeightDevice:    copts.flBlkioWeightDevice.GetList(),
		BlkioDeviceReadBps:   copts.flDeviceReadBps.GetList(),
		BlkioDeviceWriteBps:  copts.flDeviceWriteBps.GetList(),
		BlkioDeviceReadIOps:  copts.flDeviceReadIOps.GetList(),
		BlkioDeviceWriteIOps: copts.flDeviceWriteIOps.GetList(),
		IOMaximumIOps:        copts.flIOMaxIOps,
		IOMaximumBandwidth:   uint64(maxIOBandwidth),
		Ulimits:              copts.flUlimits.GetList(),
		Devices:              deviceMappings,
	}

	config := &container.Config{
		Hostname:     copts.flHostname,
		ExposedPorts: ports,
		User:         copts.flUser,
		Tty:          copts.flTty,
		// TODO: deprecated, it comes from -n, --networking
		// it's still needed internally to set the network to disabled
		// if e.g. bridge is none in daemon opts, and in inspect
		NetworkDisabled: false,
		OpenStdin:       copts.flStdin,
		AttachStdin:     attachStdin,
		AttachStdout:    attachStdout,
		AttachStderr:    attachStderr,
		Env:             envVariables,
		Cmd:             runCmd,
		Image:           copts.Image,
		Volumes:         copts.flVolumes.GetMap(),
		MacAddress:      copts.flMacAddress,
		Entrypoint:      entrypoint,
		WorkingDir:      copts.flWorkingDir,
		Labels:          ConvertKVStringsToMap(labels),
		Healthcheck:     healthConfig,
	}
	if flags.Changed("stop-signal") {
		config.StopSignal = copts.flStopSignal
	}

	hostConfig := &container.HostConfig{
		Binds:           binds,
		ContainerIDFile: copts.flContainerIDFile,
		OomScoreAdj:     copts.flOomScoreAdj,
		AutoRemove:      copts.flAutoRemove,
		Privileged:      copts.flPrivileged,
		PortBindings:    portBindings,
		Links:           copts.flLinks.GetAll(),
		PublishAllPorts: copts.flPublishAll,
		// Make sure the dns fields are never nil.
		// New containers don't ever have those fields nil,
		// but pre created containers can still have those nil values.
		// See https://github.com/docker/docker/pull/17779
		// for a more detailed explanation on why we don't want that.
		DNS:            copts.flDNS.GetAllOrEmpty(),
		DNSSearch:      copts.flDNSSearch.GetAllOrEmpty(),
		DNSOptions:     copts.flDNSOptions.GetAllOrEmpty(),
		ExtraHosts:     copts.flExtraHosts.GetAll(),
		VolumesFrom:    copts.flVolumesFrom.GetAll(),
		NetworkMode:    container.NetworkMode(copts.flNetMode),
		IpcMode:        ipcMode,
		PidMode:        pidMode,
		UTSMode:        utsMode,
		UsernsMode:     usernsMode,
		CapAdd:         strslice.StrSlice(copts.flCapAdd.GetAll()),
		CapDrop:        strslice.StrSlice(copts.flCapDrop.GetAll()),
		GroupAdd:       copts.flGroupAdd.GetAll(),
		RestartPolicy:  restartPolicy,
		SecurityOpt:    securityOpts,
		StorageOpt:     storageOpts,
		ReadonlyRootfs: copts.flReadonlyRootfs,
		LogConfig:      container.LogConfig{Type: copts.flLoggingDriver, Config: loggingOpts},
		VolumeDriver:   copts.flVolumeDriver,
		Isolation:      container.Isolation(copts.flIsolation),
		ShmSize:        shmSize,
		Resources:      resources,
		Tmpfs:          tmpfs,
		Sysctls:        copts.flSysctls.GetAll(),
		Runtime:        copts.flRuntime,
	}

	// When allocating stdin in attached mode, close stdin at client disconnect
	if config.OpenStdin && config.AttachStdin {
		config.StdinOnce = true
	}

	networkingConfig := &networktypes.NetworkingConfig{
		EndpointsConfig: make(map[string]*networktypes.EndpointSettings),
	}

	if copts.flIPv4Address != "" || copts.flIPv6Address != "" || copts.flLinkLocalIPs.Len() > 0 {
		epConfig := &networktypes.EndpointSettings{}
		networkingConfig.EndpointsConfig[string(hostConfig.NetworkMode)] = epConfig

		epConfig.IPAMConfig = &networktypes.EndpointIPAMConfig{
			IPv4Address: copts.flIPv4Address,
			IPv6Address: copts.flIPv6Address,
		}

		if copts.flLinkLocalIPs.Len() > 0 {
			epConfig.IPAMConfig.LinkLocalIPs = make([]string, copts.flLinkLocalIPs.Len())
			copy(epConfig.IPAMConfig.LinkLocalIPs, copts.flLinkLocalIPs.GetAll())
		}
	}

	if hostConfig.NetworkMode.IsUserDefined() && len(hostConfig.Links) > 0 {
		epConfig := networkingConfig.EndpointsConfig[string(hostConfig.NetworkMode)]
		if epConfig == nil {
			epConfig = &networktypes.EndpointSettings{}
		}
		epConfig.Links = make([]string, len(hostConfig.Links))
		copy(epConfig.Links, hostConfig.Links)
		networkingConfig.EndpointsConfig[string(hostConfig.NetworkMode)] = epConfig
	}

	if copts.flAliases.Len() > 0 {
		epConfig := networkingConfig.EndpointsConfig[string(hostConfig.NetworkMode)]
		if epConfig == nil {
			epConfig = &networktypes.EndpointSettings{}
		}
		epConfig.Aliases = make([]string, copts.flAliases.Len())
		copy(epConfig.Aliases, copts.flAliases.GetAll())
		networkingConfig.EndpointsConfig[string(hostConfig.NetworkMode)] = epConfig
	}

	return config, hostConfig, networkingConfig, nil
}

// reads a file of line terminated key=value pairs, and overrides any keys
// present in the file with additional pairs specified in the override parameter
func readKVStrings(files []string, override []string) ([]string, error) {
	envVariables := []string{}
	for _, ef := range files {
		parsedVars, err := ParseEnvFile(ef)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		envVariables = append(envVariables, parsedVars...)
	}
	// parse the '-e' and '--env' after, to allow override
	envVariables = append(envVariables, override...)

	return envVariables, nil
}

// ConvertKVStringsToMap converts ["key=value"] to {"key":"value"}
func ConvertKVStringsToMap(values []string) map[string]string {
	result := make(map[string]string, len(values))
	for _, value := range values {
		kv := strings.SplitN(value, "=", 2)
		if len(kv) == 1 {
			result[kv[0]] = ""
		} else {
			result[kv[0]] = kv[1]
		}
	}

	return result
}

func parseLoggingOpts(loggingDriver string, loggingOpts []string) (map[string]string, error) {
	loggingOptsMap := ConvertKVStringsToMap(loggingOpts)
	if loggingDriver == "none" && len(loggingOpts) > 0 {
		return map[string]string{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid logging opts for driver %s", loggingDriver)
	}
	return loggingOptsMap, nil
}

// takes a local seccomp daemon, reads the file contents for sending to the daemon
func parseSecurityOpts(securityOpts []string) ([]string, error) {
	for key, opt := range securityOpts {
		con := strings.SplitN(opt, "=", 2)
		if len(con) == 1 && con[0] != "no-new-privileges" {
			if strings.Index(opt, ":") != -1 {
				con = strings.SplitN(opt, ":", 2)
			} else {
				return securityOpts, fmt.Errorf("Invalid --security-opt: %q", opt)
			}
		}
		if con[0] == "seccomp" && con[1] != "unconfined" {
			f, err := ioutil.ReadFile(con[1])
			if err != nil {
				return securityOpts, fmt.Errorf("opening seccomp profile (%s) failed: %v", con[1], err)
			}
			b := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
			if err := json.Compact(b, f); err != nil {
				return securityOpts, fmt.Errorf("compacting json for seccomp profile (%s) failed: %v", con[1], err)
			}
			securityOpts[key] = fmt.Sprintf("seccomp=%s", b.Bytes())
		}
	}

	return securityOpts, nil
}

// parses storage options per container into a map
func parseStorageOpts(storageOpts []string) (map[string]string, error) {
	m := make(map[string]string)
	for _, option := range storageOpts {
		if strings.Contains(option, "=") {
			opt := strings.SplitN(option, "=", 2)
			m[opt[0]] = opt[1]
		} else {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid storage option.")
		}
	}
	return m, nil
}

// ParseRestartPolicy returns the parsed policy or an error indicating what is incorrect
func ParseRestartPolicy(policy string) (container.RestartPolicy, error) {
	p := container.RestartPolicy{}

	if policy == "" {
		return p, nil
	}

	var (
		parts = strings.Split(policy, ":")
		name  = parts[0]
	)

	p.Name = name
	switch name {
	case "always", "unless-stopped":
		if len(parts) > 1 {
			return p, fmt.Errorf("maximum restart count not valid with restart policy of \"%s\"", name)
		}
	case "no":
		// do nothing
	case "on-failure":
		if len(parts) > 2 {
			return p, fmt.Errorf("restart count format is not valid, usage: 'on-failure:N' or 'on-failure'")
		}
		if len(parts) == 2 {
			count, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
			if err != nil {
				return p, err
			}

			p.MaximumRetryCount = count
		}
	default:
		return p, fmt.Errorf("invalid restart policy %s", name)
	}

	return p, nil
}

// ParseDevice parses a device mapping string to a container.DeviceMapping struct
func ParseDevice(device string) (container.DeviceMapping, error) {
	src := ""
	dst := ""
	permissions := "rwm"
	arr := strings.Split(device, ":")
	switch len(arr) {
	case 3:
		permissions = arr[2]
		fallthrough
	case 2:
		if ValidDeviceMode(arr[1]) {
			permissions = arr[1]
		} else {
			dst = arr[1]
		}
		fallthrough
	case 1:
		src = arr[0]
	default:
		return container.DeviceMapping{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid device specification: %s", device)
	}

	if dst == "" {
		dst = src
	}

	deviceMapping := container.DeviceMapping{
		PathOnHost:        src,
		PathInContainer:   dst,
		CgroupPermissions: permissions,
	}
	return deviceMapping, nil
}

// ParseLink parses and validates the specified string as a link format (name:alias)
func ParseLink(val string) (string, string, error) {
	if val == "" {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("empty string specified for links")
	}
	arr := strings.Split(val, ":")
	if len(arr) > 2 {
		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("bad format for links: %s", val)
	}
	if len(arr) == 1 {
		return val, val, nil
	}
	// This is kept because we can actually get a HostConfig with links
	// from an already created container and the format is not `foo:bar`
	// but `/foo:/c1/bar`
	if strings.HasPrefix(arr[0], "/") {
		_, alias := path.Split(arr[1])
		return arr[0][1:], alias, nil
	}
	return arr[0], arr[1], nil
}

// ValidateLink validates that the specified string has a valid link format (containerName:alias).
func ValidateLink(val string) (string, error) {
	if _, _, err := ParseLink(val); err != nil {
		return val, err
	}
	return val, nil
}

// ValidDeviceMode checks if the mode for device is valid or not.
// Valid mode is a composition of r (read), w (write), and m (mknod).
func ValidDeviceMode(mode string) bool {
	var legalDeviceMode = map[rune]bool{
		'r': true,
		'w': true,
		'm': true,
	}
	if mode == "" {
		return false
	}
	for _, c := range mode {
		if !legalDeviceMode[c] {
			return false
		}
		legalDeviceMode[c] = false
	}
	return true
}

// ValidateDevice validates a path for devices
// It will make sure 'val' is in the form:
//    [host-dir:]container-path[:mode]
// It also validates the device mode.
func ValidateDevice(val string) (string, error) {
	return validatePath(val, ValidDeviceMode)
}

func validatePath(val string, validator func(string) bool) (string, error) {
	var containerPath string
	var mode string

	if strings.Count(val, ":") > 2 {
		return val, fmt.Errorf("bad format for path: %s", val)
	}

	split := strings.SplitN(val, ":", 3)
	if split[0] == "" {
		return val, fmt.Errorf("bad format for path: %s", val)
	}
	switch len(split) {
	case 1:
		containerPath = split[0]
		val = path.Clean(containerPath)
	case 2:
		if isValid := validator(split[1]); isValid {
			containerPath = split[0]
			mode = split[1]
			val = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", path.Clean(containerPath), mode)
		} else {
			containerPath = split[1]
			val = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", split[0], path.Clean(containerPath))
		}
	case 3:
		containerPath = split[1]
		mode = split[2]
		if isValid := validator(split[2]); !isValid {
			return val, fmt.Errorf("bad mode specified: %s", mode)
		}
		val = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%s", split[0], containerPath, mode)
	}

	if !path.IsAbs(containerPath) {
		return val, fmt.Errorf("%s is not an absolute path", containerPath)
	}
	return val, nil
}

// volumeSplitN splits raw into a maximum of n parts, separated by a separator colon.
// A separator colon is the last `:` character in the regex `[:\\]?[a-zA-Z]:` (note `\\` is `\` escaped).
// In Windows driver letter appears in two situations:
// a. `^[a-zA-Z]:` (A colon followed  by `^[a-zA-Z]:` is OK as colon is the separator in volume option)
// b. A string in the format like `\\?\C:\Windows\...` (UNC).
// Therefore, a driver letter can only follow either a `:` or `\\`
// This allows to correctly split strings such as `C:\foo:D:\:rw` or `/tmp/q:/foo`.
func volumeSplitN(raw string, n int) []string {
	var array []string
	if len(raw) == 0 || raw[0] == ':' {
		// invalid
		return nil
	}
	// numberOfParts counts the number of parts separated by a separator colon
	numberOfParts := 0
	// left represents the left-most cursor in raw, updated at every `:` character considered as a separator.
	left := 0
	// right represents the right-most cursor in raw incremented with the loop. Note this
	// starts at index 1 as index 0 is already handle above as a special case.
	for right := 1; right < len(raw); right++ {
		// stop parsing if reached maximum number of parts
		if n >= 0 && numberOfParts >= n {
			break
		}
		if raw[right] != ':' {
			continue
		}
		potentialDriveLetter := raw[right-1]
		if (potentialDriveLetter >= 'A' && potentialDriveLetter <= 'Z') || (potentialDriveLetter >= 'a' && potentialDriveLetter <= 'z') {
			if right > 1 {
				beforePotentialDriveLetter := raw[right-2]
				// Only `:` or `\\` are checked (`/` could fall into the case of `/tmp/q:/foo`)
				if beforePotentialDriveLetter != ':' && beforePotentialDriveLetter != '\\' {
					// e.g. `C:` is not preceded by any delimiter, therefore it was not a drive letter but a path ending with `C:`.
					array = append(array, raw[left:right])
					left = right + 1
					numberOfParts++
				}
				// else, `C:` is considered as a drive letter and not as a delimiter, so we continue parsing.
			}
			// if right == 1, then `C:` is the beginning of the raw string, therefore `:` is again not considered a delimiter and we continue parsing.
		} else {
			// if `:` is not preceded by a potential drive letter, then consider it as a delimiter.
			array = append(array, raw[left:right])
			left = right + 1
			numberOfParts++
		}
	}
	// need to take care of the last part
	if left < len(raw) {
		if n >= 0 && numberOfParts >= n {
			// if the maximum number of parts is reached, just append the rest to the last part
			// left-1 is at the last `:` that needs to be included since not considered a separator.
			array[n-1] += raw[left-1:]
		} else {
			array = append(array, raw[left:])
		}
	}
	return array
}