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moby--moby/graph/graph.go
Tonis Tiigi 504e67b867 Calculate hash based image IDs on pull
Generate a hash chain involving the image configuration, layer digests,
and parent image hashes. Use the digests to compute IDs for each image
in a manifest, instead of using the remotely specified IDs.

To avoid breaking users' caches, check for images already in the graph
under old IDs, and avoid repulling an image if the version on disk under
the legacy ID ends up with the same digest that was computed from the
manifest for that image.

When a calculated ID already exists in the graph but can't be verified,
continue trying SHA256(digest) until a suitable ID is found.

"save" and "load" are not changed to use a similar scheme. "load" will
preserve the IDs present in the tar file.

Signed-off-by: Aaron Lehmann <aaron.lehmann@docker.com>
2015-10-12 10:51:28 -07:00

805 lines
23 KiB
Go

package graph
import (
"compress/gzip"
"encoding/json"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"runtime"
"strconv"
"strings"
"sync"
"time"
"github.com/Sirupsen/logrus"
"github.com/docker/distribution/digest"
"github.com/docker/docker/autogen/dockerversion"
"github.com/docker/docker/daemon/graphdriver"
"github.com/docker/docker/image"
"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/idtools"
"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/progressreader"
"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/streamformatter"
"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stringid"
"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/truncindex"
"github.com/docker/docker/runconfig"
"github.com/vbatts/tar-split/tar/asm"
"github.com/vbatts/tar-split/tar/storage"
)
// v1Descriptor is a non-content-addressable image descriptor
type v1Descriptor struct {
img *image.Image
}
// ID returns the image ID specified in the image structure.
func (img v1Descriptor) ID() string {
return img.img.ID
}
// Parent returns the parent ID specified in the image structure.
func (img v1Descriptor) Parent() string {
return img.img.Parent
}
// MarshalConfig renders the image structure into JSON.
func (img v1Descriptor) MarshalConfig() ([]byte, error) {
return json.Marshal(img.img)
}
// The type is used to protect pulling or building related image
// layers from deleteing when filtered by dangling=true
// The key of layers is the images ID which is pulling or building
// The value of layers is a slice which hold layer IDs referenced to
// pulling or building images
type retainedLayers struct {
layerHolders map[string]map[string]struct{} // map[layerID]map[sessionID]
sync.Mutex
}
func (r *retainedLayers) Add(sessionID string, layerIDs []string) {
r.Lock()
defer r.Unlock()
for _, layerID := range layerIDs {
if r.layerHolders[layerID] == nil {
r.layerHolders[layerID] = map[string]struct{}{}
}
r.layerHolders[layerID][sessionID] = struct{}{}
}
}
func (r *retainedLayers) Delete(sessionID string, layerIDs []string) {
r.Lock()
defer r.Unlock()
for _, layerID := range layerIDs {
holders, ok := r.layerHolders[layerID]
if !ok {
continue
}
delete(holders, sessionID)
if len(holders) == 0 {
delete(r.layerHolders, layerID) // Delete any empty reference set.
}
}
}
func (r *retainedLayers) Exists(layerID string) bool {
r.Lock()
_, exists := r.layerHolders[layerID]
r.Unlock()
return exists
}
// A Graph is a store for versioned filesystem images and the relationship between them.
type Graph struct {
root string
idIndex *truncindex.TruncIndex
driver graphdriver.Driver
imageMutex imageMutex // protect images in driver.
retained *retainedLayers
tarSplitDisabled bool
uidMaps []idtools.IDMap
gidMaps []idtools.IDMap
}
// file names for ./graph/<ID>/
const (
jsonFileName = "json"
layersizeFileName = "layersize"
digestFileName = "checksum"
tarDataFileName = "tar-data.json.gz"
v1CompatibilityFileName = "v1Compatibility"
parentFileName = "parent"
)
var (
// ErrDigestNotSet is used when request the digest for a layer
// but the layer has no digest value or content to compute the
// the digest.
ErrDigestNotSet = errors.New("digest is not set for layer")
)
// NewGraph instantiates a new graph at the given root path in the filesystem.
// `root` will be created if it doesn't exist.
func NewGraph(root string, driver graphdriver.Driver, uidMaps, gidMaps []idtools.IDMap) (*Graph, error) {
abspath, err := filepath.Abs(root)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
rootUID, rootGID, err := idtools.GetRootUIDGID(uidMaps, gidMaps)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Create the root directory if it doesn't exists
if err := idtools.MkdirAllAs(root, 0700, rootUID, rootGID); err != nil && !os.IsExist(err) {
return nil, err
}
graph := &Graph{
root: abspath,
idIndex: truncindex.NewTruncIndex([]string{}),
driver: driver,
retained: &retainedLayers{layerHolders: make(map[string]map[string]struct{})},
uidMaps: uidMaps,
gidMaps: gidMaps,
}
// Windows does not currently support tarsplit functionality.
if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
graph.tarSplitDisabled = true
}
if err := graph.restore(); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return graph, nil
}
// IsHeld returns whether the given layerID is being used by an ongoing pull or build.
func (graph *Graph) IsHeld(layerID string) bool {
return graph.retained.Exists(layerID)
}
func (graph *Graph) restore() error {
dir, err := ioutil.ReadDir(graph.root)
if err != nil {
return err
}
var ids = []string{}
for _, v := range dir {
id := v.Name()
if graph.driver.Exists(id) {
ids = append(ids, id)
}
}
graph.idIndex = truncindex.NewTruncIndex(ids)
logrus.Debugf("Restored %d elements", len(ids))
return nil
}
// IsNotExist detects whether an image exists by parsing the incoming error
// message.
func (graph *Graph) IsNotExist(err error, id string) bool {
// FIXME: Implement error subclass instead of looking at the error text
// Note: This is the way golang implements os.IsNotExists on Plan9
return err != nil && (strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), "does not exist") || strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), "no such")) && strings.Contains(err.Error(), id)
}
// Exists returns true if an image is registered at the given id.
// If the image doesn't exist or if an error is encountered, false is returned.
func (graph *Graph) Exists(id string) bool {
if _, err := graph.Get(id); err != nil {
return false
}
return true
}
// Get returns the image with the given id, or an error if the image doesn't exist.
func (graph *Graph) Get(name string) (*image.Image, error) {
id, err := graph.idIndex.Get(name)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not find image: %v", err)
}
img, err := graph.loadImage(id)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if img.ID != id {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Image stored at '%s' has wrong id '%s'", id, img.ID)
}
if img.Size < 0 {
size, err := graph.driver.DiffSize(img.ID, img.Parent)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to calculate size of image id %q: %s", img.ID, err)
}
img.Size = size
if err := graph.saveSize(graph.imageRoot(id), img.Size); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
return img, nil
}
// Create creates a new image and registers it in the graph.
func (graph *Graph) Create(layerData io.Reader, containerID, containerImage, comment, author string, containerConfig, config *runconfig.Config) (*image.Image, error) {
img := &image.Image{
ID: stringid.GenerateRandomID(),
Comment: comment,
Created: time.Now().UTC(),
DockerVersion: dockerversion.VERSION,
Author: author,
Config: config,
Architecture: runtime.GOARCH,
OS: runtime.GOOS,
}
if containerID != "" {
img.Parent = containerImage
img.Container = containerID
img.ContainerConfig = *containerConfig
}
if err := graph.Register(v1Descriptor{img}, layerData); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return img, nil
}
// Register imports a pre-existing image into the graph.
// Returns nil if the image is already registered.
func (graph *Graph) Register(im image.Descriptor, layerData io.Reader) (err error) {
imgID := im.ID()
if err := image.ValidateID(imgID); err != nil {
return err
}
// We need this entire operation to be atomic within the engine. Note that
// this doesn't mean Register is fully safe yet.
graph.imageMutex.Lock(imgID)
defer graph.imageMutex.Unlock(imgID)
return graph.register(im, layerData)
}
func (graph *Graph) register(im image.Descriptor, layerData io.Reader) (err error) {
imgID := im.ID()
// Skip register if image is already registered
if graph.Exists(imgID) {
return nil
}
// The returned `error` must be named in this function's signature so that
// `err` is not shadowed in this deferred cleanup.
defer func() {
// If any error occurs, remove the new dir from the driver.
// Don't check for errors since the dir might not have been created.
if err != nil {
graph.driver.Remove(imgID)
}
}()
// Ensure that the image root does not exist on the filesystem
// when it is not registered in the graph.
// This is common when you switch from one graph driver to another
if err := os.RemoveAll(graph.imageRoot(imgID)); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
return err
}
// If the driver has this ID but the graph doesn't, remove it from the driver to start fresh.
// (the graph is the source of truth).
// Ignore errors, since we don't know if the driver correctly returns ErrNotExist.
// (FIXME: make that mandatory for drivers).
graph.driver.Remove(imgID)
tmp, err := graph.mktemp()
defer os.RemoveAll(tmp)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("mktemp failed: %s", err)
}
parent := im.Parent()
// Create root filesystem in the driver
if err := createRootFilesystemInDriver(graph, imgID, parent, layerData); err != nil {
return err
}
// Apply the diff/layer
config, err := im.MarshalConfig()
if err != nil {
return err
}
if err := graph.storeImage(imgID, parent, config, layerData, tmp); err != nil {
return err
}
// Commit
if err := os.Rename(tmp, graph.imageRoot(imgID)); err != nil {
return err
}
graph.idIndex.Add(imgID)
return nil
}
func createRootFilesystemInDriver(graph *Graph, id, parent string, layerData io.Reader) error {
if err := graph.driver.Create(id, parent); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Driver %s failed to create image rootfs %s: %s", graph.driver, id, err)
}
return nil
}
// TempLayerArchive creates a temporary archive of the given image's filesystem layer.
// The archive is stored on disk and will be automatically deleted as soon as has been read.
// If output is not nil, a human-readable progress bar will be written to it.
func (graph *Graph) TempLayerArchive(id string, sf *streamformatter.StreamFormatter, output io.Writer) (*archive.TempArchive, error) {
image, err := graph.Get(id)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
tmp, err := graph.mktemp()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
a, err := graph.TarLayer(image)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
progressReader := progressreader.New(progressreader.Config{
In: a,
Out: output,
Formatter: sf,
Size: 0,
NewLines: false,
ID: stringid.TruncateID(id),
Action: "Buffering to disk",
})
defer progressReader.Close()
return archive.NewTempArchive(progressReader, tmp)
}
// mktemp creates a temporary sub-directory inside the graph's filesystem.
func (graph *Graph) mktemp() (string, error) {
dir := filepath.Join(graph.root, "_tmp", stringid.GenerateNonCryptoID())
rootUID, rootGID, err := idtools.GetRootUIDGID(graph.uidMaps, graph.gidMaps)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
if err := idtools.MkdirAllAs(dir, 0700, rootUID, rootGID); err != nil {
return "", err
}
return dir, nil
}
func (graph *Graph) newTempFile() (*os.File, error) {
tmp, err := graph.mktemp()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return ioutil.TempFile(tmp, "")
}
// Delete atomically removes an image from the graph.
func (graph *Graph) Delete(name string) error {
id, err := graph.idIndex.Get(name)
if err != nil {
return err
}
tmp, err := graph.mktemp()
graph.idIndex.Delete(id)
if err == nil {
if err := os.Rename(graph.imageRoot(id), tmp); err != nil {
// On err make tmp point to old dir and cleanup unused tmp dir
os.RemoveAll(tmp)
tmp = graph.imageRoot(id)
}
} else {
// On err make tmp point to old dir for cleanup
tmp = graph.imageRoot(id)
}
// Remove rootfs data from the driver
graph.driver.Remove(id)
// Remove the trashed image directory
return os.RemoveAll(tmp)
}
// Map returns a list of all images in the graph, addressable by ID.
func (graph *Graph) Map() map[string]*image.Image {
images := make(map[string]*image.Image)
graph.walkAll(func(image *image.Image) {
images[image.ID] = image
})
return images
}
// walkAll iterates over each image in the graph, and passes it to a handler.
// The walking order is undetermined.
func (graph *Graph) walkAll(handler func(*image.Image)) {
graph.idIndex.Iterate(func(id string) {
if img, err := graph.Get(id); err != nil {
return
} else if handler != nil {
handler(img)
}
})
}
// ByParent returns a lookup table of images by their parent.
// If an image of key ID has 3 children images, then the value for key ID
// will be a list of 3 images.
// If an image has no children, it will not have an entry in the table.
func (graph *Graph) ByParent() map[string][]*image.Image {
byParent := make(map[string][]*image.Image)
graph.walkAll(func(img *image.Image) {
parent, err := graph.Get(img.Parent)
if err != nil {
return
}
if children, exists := byParent[parent.ID]; exists {
byParent[parent.ID] = append(children, img)
} else {
byParent[parent.ID] = []*image.Image{img}
}
})
return byParent
}
// HasChildren returns whether the given image has any child images.
func (graph *Graph) HasChildren(img *image.Image) bool {
return len(graph.ByParent()[img.ID]) > 0
}
// Retain keeps the images and layers that are in the pulling chain so that
// they are not deleted. If not retained, they may be deleted by rmi.
func (graph *Graph) Retain(sessionID string, layerIDs ...string) {
graph.retained.Add(sessionID, layerIDs)
}
// Release removes the referenced image ID from the provided set of layers.
func (graph *Graph) Release(sessionID string, layerIDs ...string) {
graph.retained.Delete(sessionID, layerIDs)
}
// Heads returns all heads in the graph, keyed by id.
// A head is an image which is not the parent of another image in the graph.
func (graph *Graph) Heads() map[string]*image.Image {
heads := make(map[string]*image.Image)
byParent := graph.ByParent()
graph.walkAll(func(image *image.Image) {
// If it's not in the byParent lookup table, then
// it's not a parent -> so it's a head!
if _, exists := byParent[image.ID]; !exists {
heads[image.ID] = image
}
})
return heads
}
// TarLayer returns a tar archive of the image's filesystem layer.
func (graph *Graph) TarLayer(img *image.Image) (arch io.ReadCloser, err error) {
rdr, err := graph.assembleTarLayer(img)
if err != nil {
logrus.Debugf("[graph] TarLayer with traditional differ: %s", img.ID)
return graph.driver.Diff(img.ID, img.Parent)
}
return rdr, nil
}
func (graph *Graph) imageRoot(id string) string {
return filepath.Join(graph.root, id)
}
// loadImage fetches the image with the given id from the graph.
func (graph *Graph) loadImage(id string) (*image.Image, error) {
root := graph.imageRoot(id)
// Open the JSON file to decode by streaming
jsonSource, err := os.Open(jsonPath(root))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
defer jsonSource.Close()
img := &image.Image{}
dec := json.NewDecoder(jsonSource)
// Decode the JSON data
if err := dec.Decode(img); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if img.ID == "" {
img.ID = id
}
if img.Parent == "" && img.ParentID != "" && img.ParentID.Validate() == nil {
img.Parent = img.ParentID.Hex()
}
// compatibilityID for parent
parent, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(root, parentFileName))
if err == nil && len(parent) > 0 {
img.Parent = string(parent)
}
if err := image.ValidateID(img.ID); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if buf, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(root, layersizeFileName)); err != nil {
if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
return nil, err
}
// If the layersize file does not exist then set the size to a negative number
// because a layer size of 0 (zero) is valid
img.Size = -1
} else {
// Using Atoi here instead would temporarily convert the size to a machine
// dependent integer type, which causes images larger than 2^31 bytes to
// display negative sizes on 32-bit machines:
size, err := strconv.ParseInt(string(buf), 10, 64)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
img.Size = int64(size)
}
return img, nil
}
// saveSize stores the `size` in the provided graph `img` directory `root`.
func (graph *Graph) saveSize(root string, size int64) error {
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(root, layersizeFileName), []byte(strconv.FormatInt(size, 10)), 0600); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error storing image size in %s/%s: %s", root, layersizeFileName, err)
}
return nil
}
// SetLayerDigest sets the digest for the image layer to the provided value.
func (graph *Graph) SetLayerDigest(id string, dgst digest.Digest) error {
graph.imageMutex.Lock(id)
defer graph.imageMutex.Unlock(id)
return graph.setLayerDigest(id, dgst)
}
func (graph *Graph) setLayerDigest(id string, dgst digest.Digest) error {
root := graph.imageRoot(id)
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(root, digestFileName), []byte(dgst.String()), 0600); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error storing digest in %s/%s: %s", root, digestFileName, err)
}
return nil
}
// GetLayerDigest gets the digest for the provide image layer id.
func (graph *Graph) GetLayerDigest(id string) (digest.Digest, error) {
graph.imageMutex.Lock(id)
defer graph.imageMutex.Unlock(id)
return graph.getLayerDigest(id)
}
func (graph *Graph) getLayerDigest(id string) (digest.Digest, error) {
root := graph.imageRoot(id)
cs, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(root, digestFileName))
if err != nil {
if os.IsNotExist(err) {
return "", ErrDigestNotSet
}
return "", err
}
return digest.ParseDigest(string(cs))
}
// SetV1CompatibilityConfig stores the v1Compatibility JSON data associated
// with the image in the manifest to the disk
func (graph *Graph) SetV1CompatibilityConfig(id string, data []byte) error {
graph.imageMutex.Lock(id)
defer graph.imageMutex.Unlock(id)
return graph.setV1CompatibilityConfig(id, data)
}
func (graph *Graph) setV1CompatibilityConfig(id string, data []byte) error {
root := graph.imageRoot(id)
return ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(root, v1CompatibilityFileName), data, 0600)
}
// GetV1CompatibilityConfig reads the v1Compatibility JSON data for the image
// from the disk
func (graph *Graph) GetV1CompatibilityConfig(id string) ([]byte, error) {
graph.imageMutex.Lock(id)
defer graph.imageMutex.Unlock(id)
return graph.getV1CompatibilityConfig(id)
}
func (graph *Graph) getV1CompatibilityConfig(id string) ([]byte, error) {
root := graph.imageRoot(id)
return ioutil.ReadFile(filepath.Join(root, v1CompatibilityFileName))
}
// GenerateV1CompatibilityChain makes sure v1Compatibility JSON data exists
// for the image. If it doesn't it generates and stores it for the image and
// all of it's parents based on the image config JSON.
func (graph *Graph) GenerateV1CompatibilityChain(id string) ([]byte, error) {
graph.imageMutex.Lock(id)
defer graph.imageMutex.Unlock(id)
if v1config, err := graph.getV1CompatibilityConfig(id); err == nil {
return v1config, nil
}
// generate new, store it to disk
img, err := graph.Get(id)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
digestPrefix := string(digest.Canonical) + ":"
img.ID = strings.TrimPrefix(img.ID, digestPrefix)
if img.Parent != "" {
parentConfig, err := graph.GenerateV1CompatibilityChain(img.Parent)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
var parent struct{ ID string }
err = json.Unmarshal(parentConfig, &parent)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
img.Parent = parent.ID
}
json, err := json.Marshal(img)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if err := graph.setV1CompatibilityConfig(id, json); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return json, nil
}
// RawJSON returns the JSON representation for an image as a byte array.
func (graph *Graph) RawJSON(id string) ([]byte, error) {
root := graph.imageRoot(id)
buf, err := ioutil.ReadFile(jsonPath(root))
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to read json for image %s: %s", id, err)
}
return buf, nil
}
func jsonPath(root string) string {
return filepath.Join(root, jsonFileName)
}
// storeImage stores file system layer data for the given image to the
// graph's storage driver. Image metadata is stored in a file
// at the specified root directory.
func (graph *Graph) storeImage(id, parent string, config []byte, layerData io.Reader, root string) (err error) {
var size int64
// Store the layer. If layerData is not nil, unpack it into the new layer
if layerData != nil {
if size, err = graph.disassembleAndApplyTarLayer(id, parent, layerData, root); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if err := graph.saveSize(root, size); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(jsonPath(root), config, 0600); err != nil {
return err
}
// If image is pointing to a parent via CompatibilityID write the reference to disk
img, err := image.NewImgJSON(config)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if img.ParentID.Validate() == nil && parent != img.ParentID.Hex() {
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(root, parentFileName), []byte(parent), 0600); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
func (graph *Graph) disassembleAndApplyTarLayer(id, parent string, layerData io.Reader, root string) (size int64, err error) {
var ar io.Reader
if graph.tarSplitDisabled {
ar = layerData
} else {
// this is saving the tar-split metadata
mf, err := os.OpenFile(filepath.Join(root, tarDataFileName), os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_TRUNC, os.FileMode(0600))
if err != nil {
return 0, err
}
mfz := gzip.NewWriter(mf)
metaPacker := storage.NewJSONPacker(mfz)
defer mf.Close()
defer mfz.Close()
inflatedLayerData, err := archive.DecompressStream(layerData)
if err != nil {
return 0, err
}
// we're passing nil here for the file putter, because the ApplyDiff will
// handle the extraction of the archive
rdr, err := asm.NewInputTarStream(inflatedLayerData, metaPacker, nil)
if err != nil {
return 0, err
}
ar = archive.Reader(rdr)
}
if size, err = graph.driver.ApplyDiff(id, parent, ar); err != nil {
return 0, err
}
return
}
func (graph *Graph) assembleTarLayer(img *image.Image) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
root := graph.imageRoot(img.ID)
mFileName := filepath.Join(root, tarDataFileName)
mf, err := os.Open(mFileName)
if err != nil {
if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
logrus.Errorf("failed to open %q: %s", mFileName, err)
}
return nil, err
}
pR, pW := io.Pipe()
// this will need to be in a goroutine, as we are returning the stream of a
// tar archive, but can not close the metadata reader early (when this
// function returns)...
go func() {
defer mf.Close()
// let's reassemble!
logrus.Debugf("[graph] TarLayer with reassembly: %s", img.ID)
mfz, err := gzip.NewReader(mf)
if err != nil {
pW.CloseWithError(fmt.Errorf("[graph] error with %s: %s", mFileName, err))
return
}
defer mfz.Close()
// get our relative path to the container
fsLayer, err := graph.driver.Get(img.ID, "")
if err != nil {
pW.CloseWithError(err)
return
}
defer graph.driver.Put(img.ID)
metaUnpacker := storage.NewJSONUnpacker(mfz)
fileGetter := storage.NewPathFileGetter(fsLayer)
logrus.Debugf("[graph] %s is at %q", img.ID, fsLayer)
ots := asm.NewOutputTarStream(fileGetter, metaUnpacker)
defer ots.Close()
if _, err := io.Copy(pW, ots); err != nil {
pW.CloseWithError(err)
return
}
pW.Close()
}()
return pR, nil
}