diff --git a/lib/sidekiq/testing.rb b/lib/sidekiq/testing.rb
index 33b43ae4..10e9e758 100644
--- a/lib/sidekiq/testing.rb
+++ b/lib/sidekiq/testing.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 module Sidekiq
 
+  class EmptyQueueError < RuntimeError; end
+
   class Client
     class << self
       alias_method :raw_push_old, :raw_push
@@ -90,6 +92,8 @@ module Sidekiq
 
       # Pop out a single job and perform it
       def perform_one
+        raise(EmptyQueueError,
+              "perform_one called with empty job queue") unless jobs.size > 0
         job = jobs.shift
         new.perform(*job['args'])
       end
diff --git a/test/test_testing.rb b/test/test_testing.rb
index 25dcfb3c..256af4ce 100644
--- a/test/test_testing.rb
+++ b/test/test_testing.rb
@@ -130,6 +130,12 @@ class TestTesting < Minitest::Test
       DirectWorker.clear
     end
 
+    it 'perform_one raise error upon empty queue' do
+      assert_raises Sidekiq::EmptyQueueError do
+        DirectWorker.perform_one
+      end
+    end
+
     class FirstWorker
       include Sidekiq::Worker
       class_attribute :count