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page-specific javascript for Rails done right

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kbparagua b13d65e514 controller and action property		2016-03-25 13:28:03 +08:00
app/views/paloma	minor refactor	2016-03-02 11:36:51 +08:00
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README.md

Important

master branch contains the bleeding edge development code.
check branches or tags for the latest stable release or specific versions.

Paloma

Page-specific javascript for Rails done right.

Advantages

Choose what specific javascript code to run per page.
Easily make ruby variables available on your javascript files.
Can be written using vanilla javascript, coffeescript, and anything that compiles to js.
No external library dependency.
Easy to understand (because it is patterned after Rails' controller module).

Quick Example

Paloma controller.

Paloma.controller('Users', {
  new: function(){
    // Executes when Rails User#new is executed.
    alert('Hello Sexy User!');
  }
});

The Rails controller app/controllers/users_controller.rb:

def UsersController < ApplicationController
    def new
      # nothing special
      @user = User.new
    end
end

That's it! Simply Sexy!

Minimum Requirements

Rails 3.1 or higher

Install

Install gem.

Without bundler: sudo gem install paloma.
With bundler, add this to your Gemfile: gem 'paloma'

Require paloma in your application.js: //= require paloma

In your layouts insert Paloma's hook.

application.html.erb

<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <%= yield %>
      <%= insert_paloma_hook %>
   </body>
</html>

Start Paloma. Most of the time this will be inside document.ready.

$(document).ready(function(){
  // Execute Paloma's callback.
  Paloma.start();
});

Controllers

Controllers are classes that handle requests made by Rails Controllers. Each Rails Controller's action will be mapped to a specific Paloma Controller's action.

Creating a Controller

A Controller constructor is created or accessed (if it already exists), using Paloma.controller() method.

var ArticlesController = Paloma.controller('Articles');

It will return the constructor function of your controller.

Note: Using Paloma.controller method, you can access the same controller constructor across different files.

Handling Actions

Every time a request to Paloma is made (A Rails Controller action is executed), an instance of a Paloma controller is created and the method responsible for the request will be invoked.

Add actions directly to the constructor's prototype.

var Articles = Paloma.controller('Articles');

Articles.prototype.edit = function(){
  // Handle edit article
};

Or pass the prototype value directly as the 2nd argument of the controller method.

Paloma.controller('Articles', {
  edit: function(){
    // Handle edit article
  }
});

Namespace

Namespaced controller should follow this format: namespace/controller.

Rails controller:

class Admin::UsersController < ApplicationController
  def new
    @user = User.new
  end
end

Paloma controller:

Paloma.controller('Admin/Users', {
  new: function(){
    // Handle new admin user
  }
});

Controller Inheritance

It is also possible to create a controller that is a subclass of an existing controller, using the following syntax: Controller < ParentController

Paloma.controller('Application', {
  index: function(){
    alert('Application: Index');
  },
  
  new: function(){
    alert('Application: New');
  }
});

Paloma.controller('Users < Application', {
  // Override Application's new action
  new: function(){
    alert('Users: New');
  }
});

Advanced Usage

You can manipulate what controller/action should Paloma execute by calling js method before rendering.

Changing controller

class UsersController < ApplicationController
   def new
      @user = User.new
      js 'Accounts' # will use Accounts controller instead of Users controller
   end
end

Changing action

You can use the symbol syntax:

def new
   @user = User.new
   js :register # will execute register method instead of new
end

Or the string syntax:

def new
   @user = User.new
   js '#register'
end

Changing controller and action.

def new
  @user = User.new
  js 'Accounts#register' # will execute Accounts#register instead of Users#new
end

Changing controller with namespace.

Paloma supports namespaces using '/' as delimiter.

def new
   @user = User.new
   js `Admin/Accounts` # will use Admin/Accounts controller instead of Users controller
end

def new
   @user = User.new
   js 'Admin/Accounts#register' # will execute Admin/Accounts#register instead of Users#new
end

Passing Parameters

You can pass parameters to your Paloma Controller in two ways.

Passing a hash. (parameters only)

def show
  user = User.find params[:id]
     
  js :id => user.id
end

Passing path and a hash.

def show
  user = User.find params[:id]
  
  js 'Admin/Users', :id => user.id
end

Using both ways, you can access the passed params using the params property of your Paloma controller.

Paloma.controller('Users', {
  show: function(){
    alert("User id: " + this.params.id);
  }
});

Preventing Paloma Execution

If you want to Paloma not to execute in a specific Rails Controller action you need to pass false as the Paloma parameter.

def edit
  @user = User.find params[:id]
  js false
end

Controller-wide setup

You can call js outside Rails controller actions for global or controller-wide settings.

Example:

class UsersController < ApplicationController
   js 'Accounts' # use Accounts controller instead of Users for all actions.


   def new
      @user = User.new
   end
   
   def show
      @user = User.find params[:id]
   end
end

Like before_filter you can also pass only and except options.

class UsersController < ApplicationController

   js 'Admin/Accounts', :except => :destroy # Use Admin/Accounts except for destroy method

end

IMPORTANT NOTE: If you are going to pass parameters for Controller-wide settings, put them inside a :params hash.

class UsersController < ApplicationController
  js 'Accounts', :params => {:x => 1, :y => 2, :z => 3}, :only => :show
end

Overriding Controller-wide setup

If you want to override the controller-wide setup, just call js again inside a controller action. From there you can override the controller/action or pass additional parameters.

class UsersController < ApplicationController

   js 'Accounts', :params => {:x => 1}
   
   
   def new
      @user = User.new
      js :register, :y => 2 # will execute Accounts#register with params {:x => 1, :y => 2}
   end
end

Hook

insert_paloma_hook is a helper method that you can use in your views to insert Paloma's HTML hook. Inside this HTML hook is where the magic happens. This is the reason why Paloma can magically know what Javascript controller/action to execute. To further understand how Paloma works, you can inspect the HTML hook, by checking the generated HTML (inspect element) and locate the div element that has the class js-paloma-hook.

Ideally, you just need to call insert_paloma_hook in your layouts, since the layout will always be included in every rendered view. But if you are rendering a view without a layout, make sure to call insert_paloma_hook in that view.

AJAX

Make sure that the AJAX response contains the html hook. (use insert_paloma_hook)

Start Paloma on complete/success.

$.get('http://example.com', function(response){
   $('#result').html(response);
   Paloma.start();
});

Turbolinks Support

Execute Paloma when user hits `Back` or `Forward` button.

Paloma executes page-specific javascript by adding a <script> tag to the response body. Turbolinks, by default, executes any inline javascript in the response body when you visit a page, so the <script> tag appended by Paloma will automatically be executed. However, when Turbolinks restores a page from cache (this happens when a user hits Back or Forward button in his browser) any inline javascript will not be executed anymore. This is the intentional behavior of Turbolinks, and it is not a bug. If you want to execute Paloma again when Turbolinks restores a page, do something like this:

$(document).on('page:restore', function(){
  Paloma.start();
});

Gotchas

Make sure that the rendered view has the paloma hook (use insert_paloma_hook) for Paloma to execute.

Where to put code?

Again, Paloma is now flexible and doesn't force developers to follow specific directory structure. You have the freedom to create controllers anywhere in your application.

Personally, I prefer having a javascript file for each controller.

Contribute

Fork.
Do awesome things.
Submit Pull-Request to master branch.
Add short summary of changes on your PR.