diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index db45b18f..a48f61a2 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -704,42 +704,20 @@ widget = widget.paper_trail.previous_version
 widget.paper_trail.live?            # false
 ```
 
-And you can perform `WHERE` queries for object versions based on attributes:
-
-```ruby
-# Find versions that meet these criteria.
-PaperTrail::Version.where_object(content: 'Hello', title: 'Article')
-
-# Find versions before and after attribute `atr` had value `v`:
-PaperTrail::Version.where_object_changes(atr: 'v')
-```
-
-See also:
-
-- `where_object_changes_from`
-- `where_object_changes_to`
-- `where_attribute_changes`
-
-Using `where_object_changes*` or `where_attribute_changes` to read YAML or JSON
-from a text column was deprecated in 8.1.0, and will now raise an error. Use a
-`json` or `jsonb` column if possible. If you must use a `text` column, you'll
-have to write a custom `object_changes_adapter`.
+See also: Section 3.e. Queries
 
 ### 3.c. Diffing Versions
 
 There are two scenarios: diffing adjacent versions and diffing non-adjacent
 versions.
 
-The best way to diff adjacent versions is to get PaperTrail to do it for you.
-If you add an `object_changes` text column to your `versions` table, either at
-installation time with the `rails generate paper_trail:install --with-changes`
-option or manually, PaperTrail will store the `changes` diff (excluding any
-attributes PaperTrail is ignoring) in each `update` version.  You can use the
-`version.changeset` method to retrieve it.  For example:
+The best way to diff adjacent versions is to get PaperTrail to do it for you. If
+you add an `object_changes` column to your `versions` table, PaperTrail will
+store the `changes` diff in each version. Ignored attributes are omitted.
 
 ```ruby
 widget = Widget.create name: 'Bob'
-widget.versions.last.changeset
+widget.versions.last.changeset # reads object_changes column
 # {
 #   "name"=>[nil, "Bob"],
 #   "created_at"=>[nil, 2015-08-10 04:10:40 UTC],
@@ -760,11 +738,12 @@ widget.versions.last.changeset
 Prior to 10.0.0, the `object_changes` were only stored for create and update
 events. As of 10.0.0, they are stored for all three events.
 
-Please be aware that PaperTrail doesn't use diffs internally.  When I designed
-PaperTrail I wanted simplicity and robustness so I decided to make each version
-of an object self-contained.  A version stores all of its object's data, not a
-diff from the previous version.  This means you can delete any version without
-affecting any other.
+PaperTrail doesn't use diffs internally.
+
+> When I designed PaperTrail I wanted simplicity and robustness so I decided to
+> make each version of an object self-contained.  A version stores all of its
+> object's data, not a diff from the previous version.  This means you can
+> delete any version without affecting any other. -Andy
 
 To diff non-adjacent versions you'll have to write your own code.  These
 libraries may help:
@@ -800,6 +779,30 @@ sql> delete from versions where created_at < '2010-06-01';
 PaperTrail::Version.where('created_at < ?', 1.day.ago).delete_all
 ```
 
+### 3.e. Queries
+
+You can query records in the `versions` table based on their `object` or
+`object_changes` columns.
+
+```ruby
+# Find versions that meet these criteria.
+PaperTrail::Version.where_object(content: 'Hello', title: 'Article')
+
+# Find versions before and after attribute `atr` had value `v`:
+PaperTrail::Version.where_object_changes(atr: 'v')
+```
+
+See also:
+
+- `where_object_changes_from`
+- `where_object_changes_to`
+- `where_attribute_changes`
+
+Only `where_object` supports text columns. Your `object_changes` column should
+be a `json` or `jsonb` column if possible. If you must use a `text` column,
+you'll have to write a [custom
+`object_changes_adapter`](#6c-custom-object-changes).
+
 ## 4. Saving More Information About Versions
 
 ### 4.a. Finding Out Who Was Responsible For A Change
@@ -1097,10 +1100,12 @@ Be advised that redefining an association is an undocumented feature of Rails.
 ### 5.c. Generators
 
 PaperTrail has one generator, `paper_trail:install`. It writes, but does not
-run, a migration file.
-The migration adds (at least) the `versions` table. The
-most up-to-date documentation for this generator can be found by running `rails
-generate paper_trail:install --help`, but a copy is included here for
+run, a migration file. The migration creates the `versions` table.
+
+#### Reference
+
+The most up-to-date documentation for this generator can be found by running
+`rails generate paper_trail:install --help`, but a copy is included here for
 convenience.
 
 ```
@@ -1365,17 +1370,24 @@ reading `::PaperTrail::Events::Base#recordable_object_changes`.
 
 An adapter can implement any or all of the following methods:
 
-1. diff: Returns the changeset in the desired format given the changeset in the original format
+1. diff: Returns the changeset in the desired format given the changeset in the
+  original format
 2. load_changeset: Returns the changeset for a given version object
-3. where_object_changes: Returns the records resulting from the given hash of attributes.
-4. where_object_changes_from: Returns the records resulting from the given hash of attributes where the attributes changed *from* the provided value(s).
-5. where_object_changes_to: Returns the records resulting from the given hash of attributes where the attributes changed *to* the provided value(s).
-6. where_attribute_changes: Returns the records where the attribute changed to or from any value.
+3. where_object_changes: Returns the records resulting from the given hash of
+  attributes.
+4. where_object_changes_from: Returns the records resulting from the given hash
+  of attributes where the attributes changed *from* the provided value(s).
+5. where_object_changes_to: Returns the records resulting from the given hash of
+  attributes where the attributes changed *to* the provided value(s).
+6. where_attribute_changes: Returns the records where the attribute changed to
+  or from any value.
 
-Depending on what your adapter does, you may have to implement all three.
+Depending on your needs, you may choose to implement only a subset of these
+methods.
 
-For an example of a complete and useful adapter, see
-[paper_trail-hashdiff](https://github.com/hashwin/paper_trail-hashdiff)
+#### Known Adapters
+
+- [paper_trail-hashdiff](https://github.com/hashwin/paper_trail-hashdiff)
 
 ### 6.d. Excluding the Object Column
 
diff --git a/lib/paper_trail/errors.rb b/lib/paper_trail/errors.rb
index 4232db32..0d3f60a7 100644
--- a/lib/paper_trail/errors.rb
+++ b/lib/paper_trail/errors.rb
@@ -10,4 +10,24 @@ module PaperTrail
   # @api public
   class InvalidOption < Error
   end
+
+  # The application's database schema is not supported.
+  # @api public
+  class UnsupportedSchema < Error
+  end
+
+  # The application's database column type is not supported.
+  # @api public
+  class UnsupportedColumnType < UnsupportedSchema
+    def initialize(method:, expected:, actual:)
+      super(
+        format(
+          "%s expected %s column, got %s",
+          method,
+          expected,
+          actual
+        )
+      )
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_attribute_changes.rb b/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_attribute_changes.rb
index d0eba465..6c875909 100644
--- a/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_attribute_changes.rb
+++ b/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_attribute_changes.rb
@@ -23,12 +23,16 @@ module PaperTrail
               @version_model_class, @attribute
             )
           end
-
-          case @version_model_class.columns_hash["object_changes"].type
+          column_type = @version_model_class.columns_hash["object_changes"].type
+          case column_type
           when :jsonb, :json
             json
           else
-            text
+            raise UnsupportedColumnType.new(
+              method: "where_attribute_changes",
+              expected: "json or jsonb",
+              actual: column_type
+            )
           end
         end
 
@@ -40,15 +44,6 @@ module PaperTrail
 
           @version_model_class.where(sql, @attribute)
         end
-
-        # @api private
-        def text
-          arel_field = @version_model_class.arel_table[:object_changes]
-
-          @version_model_class.where(
-            ::PaperTrail.serializer.where_attribute_changes(arel_field, @attribute)
-          )
-        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes.rb b/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes.rb
index d0de325d..5c08f29a 100644
--- a/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes.rb
+++ b/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes.rb
@@ -28,13 +28,18 @@ module PaperTrail
               @version_model_class, @attributes
             )
           end
-          case @version_model_class.columns_hash["object_changes"].type
+          column_type = @version_model_class.columns_hash["object_changes"].type
+          case column_type
           when :jsonb
             jsonb
           when :json
             json
           else
-            text
+            raise UnsupportedColumnType.new(
+              method: "where_object_changes",
+              expected: "json or jsonb",
+              actual: column_type
+            )
           end
         end
 
@@ -59,16 +64,6 @@ module PaperTrail
           @attributes.each { |field, value| @attributes[field] = [value] }
           @version_model_class.where("object_changes @> ?", @attributes.to_json)
         end
-
-        # @api private
-        def text
-          arel_field = @version_model_class.arel_table[:object_changes]
-          where_conditions = @attributes.map { |field, value|
-            ::PaperTrail.serializer.where_object_changes_condition(arel_field, field, value)
-          }
-          where_conditions = where_conditions.reduce { |a, e| a.and(e) }
-          @version_model_class.where(where_conditions)
-        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes_from.rb b/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes_from.rb
index e3d817b3..13aaf09f 100644
--- a/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes_from.rb
+++ b/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes_from.rb
@@ -23,12 +23,16 @@ module PaperTrail
               @version_model_class, @attributes
             )
           end
-
-          case @version_model_class.columns_hash["object_changes"].type
+          column_type = @version_model_class.columns_hash["object_changes"].type
+          case column_type
           when :jsonb, :json
             json
           else
-            text
+            raise UnsupportedColumnType.new(
+              method: "where_object_changes_from",
+              expected: "json or jsonb",
+              actual: column_type
+            )
           end
         end
 
@@ -47,18 +51,6 @@ module PaperTrail
           sql = predicates.join(" and ")
           @version_model_class.where(sql, *values)
         end
-
-        # @api private
-        def text
-          arel_field = @version_model_class.arel_table[:object_changes]
-
-          where_conditions = @attributes.map do |field, value|
-            ::PaperTrail.serializer.where_object_changes_from_condition(arel_field, field, value)
-          end
-
-          where_conditions = where_conditions.reduce { |a, e| a.and(e) }
-          @version_model_class.where(where_conditions)
-        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes_to.rb b/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes_to.rb
index c7b7e979..2c9a09b1 100644
--- a/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes_to.rb
+++ b/lib/paper_trail/queries/versions/where_object_changes_to.rb
@@ -23,12 +23,16 @@ module PaperTrail
               @version_model_class, @attributes
             )
           end
-
-          case @version_model_class.columns_hash["object_changes"].type
+          column_type = @version_model_class.columns_hash["object_changes"].type
+          case column_type
           when :jsonb, :json
             json
           else
-            text
+            raise UnsupportedColumnType.new(
+              method: "where_object_changes_to",
+              expected: "json or jsonb",
+              actual: column_type
+            )
           end
         end
 
@@ -47,18 +51,6 @@ module PaperTrail
           sql = predicates.join(" and ")
           @version_model_class.where(sql, *values)
         end
-
-        # @api private
-        def text
-          arel_field = @version_model_class.arel_table[:object_changes]
-
-          where_conditions = @attributes.map do |field, value|
-            ::PaperTrail.serializer.where_object_changes_to_condition(arel_field, field, value)
-          end
-
-          where_conditions = where_conditions.reduce { |a, e| a.and(e) }
-          @version_model_class.where(where_conditions)
-        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/paper_trail/serializers/json.rb b/lib/paper_trail/serializers/json.rb
index 521f637a..f0cbf890 100644
--- a/lib/paper_trail/serializers/json.rb
+++ b/lib/paper_trail/serializers/json.rb
@@ -14,14 +14,6 @@ module PaperTrail
         ActiveSupport::JSON.encode object
       end
 
-      # Raises an exception as this operation is not allowed from text columns.
-      def where_attribute_changes(*)
-        raise Error, <<-STR.squish.freeze
-          where_attribute_changes does not support reading JSON from a text
-          column. The json and jsonb datatypes are supported.
-        STR
-      end
-
       # Returns a SQL LIKE condition to be used to match the given field and
       # value in the serialized object.
       def where_object_condition(arel_field, field, value)
@@ -39,32 +31,6 @@ module PaperTrail
           arel_field.matches("%\"#{field}\":#{json_value}%")
         end
       end
-
-      def where_object_changes_condition(*)
-        raise Error, <<-STR.squish.freeze
-          where_object_changes no longer supports reading JSON from a text
-          column. The old implementation was inaccurate, returning more records
-          than you wanted. This feature was deprecated in 7.1.0 and removed in
-          8.0.0. The json and jsonb datatypes are still supported. See the
-          discussion at https://github.com/paper-trail-gem/paper_trail/issues/803
-        STR
-      end
-
-      # Raises an exception as this operation is not allowed from text columns.
-      def where_object_changes_from_condition(*)
-        raise Error, <<-STR.squish.freeze
-          where_object_changes_from does not support reading JSON from a text
-          column. The json and jsonb datatypes are supported.
-        STR
-      end
-
-      # Raises an exception as this operation is not allowed from text columns.
-      def where_object_changes_to_condition(*)
-        raise Error, <<-STR.squish.freeze
-          where_object_changes_to does not support reading JSON from a text
-          column. The json and jsonb datatypes are supported.
-        STR
-      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/paper_trail/serializers/yaml.rb b/lib/paper_trail/serializers/yaml.rb
index 7622a9ff..31ffc9d8 100644
--- a/lib/paper_trail/serializers/yaml.rb
+++ b/lib/paper_trail/serializers/yaml.rb
@@ -21,47 +21,11 @@ module PaperTrail
         ::YAML.dump object
       end
 
-      # Raises an exception as this operation is not allowed from text columns.
-      def where_attribute_changes(*)
-        raise Error, <<-STR.squish.freeze
-          where_attribute_changes does not support reading YAML from a text
-          column. The json and jsonb datatypes are supported.
-        STR
-      end
-
       # Returns a SQL LIKE condition to be used to match the given field and
       # value in the serialized object.
       def where_object_condition(arel_field, field, value)
         arel_field.matches("%\n#{field}: #{value}\n%")
       end
-
-      # Returns a SQL LIKE condition to be used to match the given field and
-      # value in the serialized `object_changes`.
-      def where_object_changes_condition(*)
-        raise Error, <<-STR.squish.freeze
-          where_object_changes no longer supports reading YAML from a text
-          column. The old implementation was inaccurate, returning more records
-          than you wanted. This feature was deprecated in 8.1.0 and removed in
-          9.0.0. The json and jsonb datatypes are still supported. See
-          discussion at https://github.com/paper-trail-gem/paper_trail/pull/997
-        STR
-      end
-
-      # Raises an exception as this operation is not allowed with YAML.
-      def where_object_changes_from_condition(*)
-        raise Error, <<-STR.squish.freeze
-          where_object_changes_from does not support reading YAML from a text
-          column. The json and jsonb datatypes are supported.
-        STR
-      end
-
-      # Raises an exception as this operation is not allowed with YAML.
-      def where_object_changes_to_condition(*)
-        raise Error, <<-STR.squish.freeze
-          where_object_changes_to does not support reading YAML from a text
-          column. The json and jsonb datatypes are supported.
-        STR
-      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/version_spec.rb b/spec/models/version_spec.rb
index 872e89ed..c69556ba 100644
--- a/spec/models/version_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/version_spec.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require "spec_helper"
 
 module PaperTrail
   ::RSpec.describe Version, type: :model do
-    describe "object_changes column", versioning: true do
+    describe "#object_changes", versioning: true do
       let(:widget) { Widget.create!(name: "Dashboard") }
       let(:value) { widget.versions.last.object_changes }
 
@@ -190,9 +190,12 @@ module PaperTrail
                     bicycle.versions.where_attribute_changes(:name)
                   ).to match_array([bicycle.versions[0], bicycle.versions[1]])
                 else
-                  expect do
+                  expect {
                     bicycle.versions.where_attribute_changes(:name)
-                  end.to raise_error(/does not support reading YAML/)
+                  }.to raise_error(
+                    UnsupportedColumnType,
+                    "where_attribute_changes expected json or jsonb column, got text"
+                  )
                 end
               end
             end
@@ -218,7 +221,10 @@ module PaperTrail
               it "raises error" do
                 expect {
                   widget.versions.where_attribute_changes(:name).to_a
-                }.to(raise_error(/does not support reading YAML from a text column/))
+                }.to raise_error(
+                  UnsupportedColumnType,
+                  "where_attribute_changes expected json or jsonb column, got text"
+                )
               end
             end
           end
@@ -311,9 +317,12 @@ module PaperTrail
                     bicycle.versions.where_object_changes(name: "abc")
                   ).to match_array(bicycle.versions[0..1])
                 else
-                  expect do
+                  expect {
                     bicycle.versions.where_object_changes(name: "abc")
-                  end.to raise_error(/no longer supports reading YAML/)
+                  }.to raise_error(
+                    UnsupportedColumnType,
+                    "where_object_changes expected json or jsonb column, got text"
+                  )
                 end
               end
             end
@@ -342,7 +351,10 @@ module PaperTrail
               it "raises error" do
                 expect {
                   widget.versions.where_object_changes(name: "foo").to_a
-                }.to(raise_error(/no longer supports reading YAML from a text column/))
+                }.to raise_error(
+                  UnsupportedColumnType,
+                  "where_object_changes expected json or jsonb column, got text"
+                )
               end
             end
           end
@@ -389,9 +401,12 @@ module PaperTrail
                     bicycle.versions.where_object_changes_from(name: "abc")
                   ).to match_array([bicycle.versions[1]])
                 else
-                  expect do
+                  expect {
                     bicycle.versions.where_object_changes_from(name: "abc")
-                  end.to raise_error(/does not support reading YAML/)
+                  }.to raise_error(
+                    UnsupportedColumnType,
+                    "where_object_changes_from expected json or jsonb column, got text"
+                  )
                 end
               end
             end
@@ -421,7 +436,10 @@ module PaperTrail
               it "raises error" do
                 expect {
                   widget.versions.where_object_changes_from(name: "foo").to_a
-                }.to(raise_error(/does not support reading YAML from a text column/))
+                }.to raise_error(
+                  UnsupportedColumnType,
+                  "where_object_changes_from expected json or jsonb column, got text"
+                )
               end
             end
           end
@@ -468,9 +486,12 @@ module PaperTrail
                     bicycle.versions.where_object_changes_to(name: "xyz")
                   ).to match_array([bicycle.versions[1]])
                 else
-                  expect do
+                  expect {
                     bicycle.versions.where_object_changes_to(name: "xyz")
-                  end.to raise_error(/does not support reading YAML/)
+                  }.to raise_error(
+                    UnsupportedColumnType,
+                    "where_object_changes_to expected json or jsonb column, got text"
+                  )
                 end
               end
             end
@@ -503,7 +524,10 @@ module PaperTrail
               it "raises error" do
                 expect {
                   widget.versions.where_object_changes_to(name: "foo").to_a
-                }.to(raise_error(/does not support reading YAML from a text column/))
+                }.to raise_error(
+                  UnsupportedColumnType,
+                  "where_object_changes_to expected json or jsonb column, got text"
+                )
               end
             end
           end
diff --git a/spec/paper_trail/serializers/json_spec.rb b/spec/paper_trail/serializers/json_spec.rb
index 2608369e..b8f0fcd3 100644
--- a/spec/paper_trail/serializers/json_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/paper_trail/serializers/json_spec.rb
@@ -59,14 +59,6 @@ module PaperTrail
           end
         end
       end
-
-      describe ".where_object_changes_condition" do
-        it "raises error" do
-          expect {
-            described_class.where_object_changes_condition
-          }.to raise_error(/no longer supports/)
-        end
-      end
     end
   end
 end