Prevent RangeError for FinderMethods#exists?

`FinderMethods#exists?` should return a boolean rather than raising an
exception.

`UniquenessValidator#build_relation` catches a `RangeError` because it
includes type casting due to a string value truncation. But a string
value truncation was removed at #23523 then type casting in
`build_relation` is no longer necessary. aa06231 removes type casting in
`build_relation` then a `RangeError` moves to `relation.exists?`.

This change will remove the catching a `RangeError`.

activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb

@@ -333,6 +333,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       connection.select_value(relation, "#{name} Exists", relation.bound_attributes) ? true : false
+    rescue RangeError
+      false
     end
 
     # This method is called whenever no records are found with either a single
@@ -579,7 +581,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         # e.g., reverse_order.offset(index-1).first
       end
     end
-    
+
     private
 
     def find_nth_with_limit_and_offset(index, limit, offset:) # :nodoc:

activerecord/lib/active_record/validations/uniqueness.rb

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
           record.errors.add(attribute, :taken, error_options)
         end
-      rescue RangeError
       end
 
     protected

activerecord/test/cases/finder_test.rb

@@ -173,11 +173,9 @@ class FinderTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     end
   end
 
-  def test_exists_fails_when_parameter_has_invalid_type
-    assert_raises(ActiveModel::RangeError) do
-      assert_equal false, Topic.exists?(("9"*53).to_i) # number that's bigger than int
-    end
+  def test_exists_returns_false_when_parameter_has_invalid_type
     assert_equal false, Topic.exists?("foo")
+    assert_equal false, Topic.exists?(("9"*53).to_i) # number that's bigger than int
   end
 
   def test_exists_does_not_select_columns_without_alias