diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
index a5d5e2a34a..901f5ad480 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           begin
             locking_column = self.class.locking_column
             previous_lock_value = read_attribute_before_type_cast(locking_column)
+            attribute_names = attribute_names.dup if attribute_names.frozen?
             attribute_names << locking_column
 
             self[locking_column] += 1
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
index c4d7e9a7da..525ffb726e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb
@@ -670,11 +670,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       attributes = attributes.transform_keys do |key|
         name = key.to_s
-        self.class.attribute_aliases[name] || name
-      end
-
-      attributes.each_key do |key|
-        verify_readonly_attribute(key)
+        name = self.class.attribute_aliases[name] || name
+        verify_readonly_attribute(name) || name
       end
 
       id_in_database = self.id_in_database
@@ -857,9 +854,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
       _raise_record_not_touched_error unless persisted?
 
       attribute_names = timestamp_attributes_for_update_in_model
-      attribute_names |= names.map!(&:to_s).map! { |name|
+      attribute_names |= names.map! do |name|
+        name = name.to_s
         self.class.attribute_aliases[name] || name
-      }
+      end unless names.empty?
 
       unless attribute_names.empty?
         affected_rows = _touch_row(attribute_names, time)
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
index 75a5d1f3b8..405a5dad7b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/touch_later.rb
@@ -12,7 +12,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       _raise_record_not_touched_error unless persisted?
 
       @_defer_touch_attrs ||= timestamp_attributes_for_update_in_model
-      @_defer_touch_attrs |= names unless names.empty?
+      @_defer_touch_attrs |= names.map! do |name|
+        name = name.to_s
+        self.class.attribute_aliases[name] || name
+      end unless names.empty?
+
       @_touch_time = current_time_from_proper_timezone
 
       surreptitiously_touch @_defer_touch_attrs
@@ -38,9 +42,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     private
-      def surreptitiously_touch(attrs)
-        attrs.each { |attr| write_attribute attr, @_touch_time }
-        clear_attribute_changes attrs
+      def surreptitiously_touch(attr_names)
+        attr_names.each do |attr_name|
+          _write_attribute(attr_name, @_touch_time)
+          clear_attribute_change(attr_name)
+        end
       end
 
       def touch_deferred_attributes