diff --git a/activejob/CHANGELOG.md b/activejob/CHANGELOG.md
index 57a62e963d..af5c197bac 100644
--- a/activejob/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/activejob/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+*   Allow `assert_enqueued_with`/`assert_performed_with` methods to accept
+    a proc for the `args` argument. This is useful to check if only a subset of arguments
+    matches your expectations.
+
+    *Edouard Chin*
+
 *   `ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest` includes `ActiveJob::TestHelper` module by default.
 
     *Ricardo Díaz*
diff --git a/activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb b/activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb
index 9efc8c0c12..e7a9b16277 100644
--- a/activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb
+++ b/activejob/lib/active_job/test_helper.rb
@@ -331,6 +331,22 @@ module ActiveJob
     #     assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, at: Date.tomorrow.noon)
     #   end
     #
+    #
+    # The +args+ argument also accepts a proc which will get passed the actual
+    # job's arguments. Your proc needs to returns a boolean value determining if
+    # the job's arguments matches your expectation. This is useful to check only
+    # for a subset of arguments.
+    #
+    #   def test_assert_enqueued_with
+    #     expected_args = ->(job_args) do
+    #       assert job_args.first.key?(:foo)
+    #     end
+    #
+    #     MyJob.perform_later(foo: 'bar', other_arg: 'No need to check in the test')
+    #     assert_enqueued_with(job: MyJob, args: expected_args, queue: 'low')
+    #   end
+    #
+    #
     # If a block is passed, that block should cause the job to be
     # enqueued with the given arguments.
     #
@@ -359,7 +375,14 @@ module ActiveJob
 
       matching_job = jobs.find do |enqueued_job|
         deserialized_job = deserialize_args_for_assertion(enqueued_job)
-        expected_args.all? { |key, value| value == deserialized_job[key] }
+
+        expected_args.all? do |key, value|
+          if value.respond_to?(:call)
+            value.call(deserialized_job[key])
+          else
+            value == deserialized_job[key]
+          end
+        end
       end
 
       assert matching_job, "No enqueued job found with #{expected}"
@@ -382,6 +405,22 @@ module ActiveJob
     #     assert_performed_with(job: MyJob, at: Date.tomorrow.noon)
     #   end
     #
+    # The +args+ argument also accepts a proc which will get passed the actual
+    # job's arguments. Your proc needs to returns a boolean value determining if
+    # the job's arguments matches your expectation. This is useful to check only
+    # for a subset of arguments.
+    #
+    #   def test_assert_performed_with
+    #     expected_args = ->(job_args) do
+    #       assert job_args.first.key?(:foo)
+    #     end
+    #     MyJob.perform_later(foo: 'bar', other_arg: 'No need to check in the test')
+    #
+    #     perform_enqueued_jobs
+    #
+    #     assert_performed_with(job: MyJob, args: expected_args, queue: 'high')
+    #   end
+    #
     # If a block is passed, that block performs all of the jobs that were
     # enqueued throughout the duration of the block and asserts that
     # the job has been performed with the given arguments in the block.
@@ -411,7 +450,14 @@ module ActiveJob
 
       matching_job = jobs.find do |enqueued_job|
         deserialized_job = deserialize_args_for_assertion(enqueued_job)
-        expected_args.all? { |key, value| value == deserialized_job[key] }
+
+        expected_args.all? do |key, value|
+          if value.respond_to?(:call)
+            value.call(deserialized_job[key])
+          else
+            value == deserialized_job[key]
+          end
+        end
       end
 
       assert matching_job, "No performed job found with #{expected}"
diff --git a/activejob/test/cases/test_helper_test.rb b/activejob/test/cases/test_helper_test.rb
index 018c40c28f..83c71ab1c4 100644
--- a/activejob/test/cases/test_helper_test.rb
+++ b/activejob/test/cases/test_helper_test.rb
@@ -538,6 +538,29 @@ class EnqueuedJobsTest < ActiveJob::TestCase
     end
   end
 
+  def test_assert_enqueued_with_selective_args
+    args = ->(job_args) do
+      assert_equal 1, job_args.first[:argument1]
+      assert job_args.first[:argument2].key?(:b)
+    end
+
+    assert_enqueued_with(job: MultipleKwargsJob, args: args) do
+      MultipleKwargsJob.perform_later(argument2: { b: 2, a: 1 }, argument1: 1)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_assert_enqueued_with_selective_args_fails
+    args = ->(job_args) do
+      false
+    end
+
+    assert_raise ActiveSupport::TestCase::Assertion do
+      assert_enqueued_with(job: MultipleKwargsJob, args: args) do
+        MultipleKwargsJob.perform_later(argument2: { b: 2, a: 1 }, argument1: 1)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_assert_enqueued_with_with_no_block_args
     assert_raise ArgumentError do
       NestedJob.set(wait_until: Date.tomorrow.noon).perform_later
@@ -1579,6 +1602,29 @@ class PerformedJobsTest < ActiveJob::TestCase
     end
   end
 
+  def test_assert_performed_with_selective_args
+    args = ->(job_args) do
+      assert_equal 1, job_args.first[:argument1]
+      assert job_args.first[:argument2].key?(:b)
+    end
+
+    assert_performed_with(job: MultipleKwargsJob, args: args) do
+      MultipleKwargsJob.perform_later(argument2: { b: 2, a: 1 }, argument1: 1)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_assert_performed_with_selective_args_fails
+    args = ->(job_args) do
+      false
+    end
+
+    assert_raise ActiveSupport::TestCase::Assertion do
+      assert_performed_with(job: MultipleKwargsJob, args: args) do
+        MultipleKwargsJob.perform_later(argument2: { b: 2, a: 1 }, argument1: 1)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_assert_performed_with_with_global_id_args
     ricardo = Person.new(9)
     assert_performed_with(job: HelloJob, args: [ricardo]) do