Introduce after_{create,update,delete}_commit callbacks

Those are actually shortcuts for `after_commit`.

Before:

    after_commit :add_to_index_later, on: :create
    after_commit :update_in_index_later, on: :update
    after_commit :remove_from_index_later, on: :destroy

After:

    after_create_commit  :add_to_index_later
    after_update_commit  :update_in_index_later
    after_destroy_commit :remove_from_index_later

activerecord/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,21 @@
+*   Introduce after_{create,update,delete}_commit callbacks.
+
+    Before:
+
+        after_commit :add_to_index_later, on: :create
+        after_commit :update_in_index_later, on: :update
+        after_commit :remove_from_index_later, on: :destroy
+
+    After:
+
+        after_create_commit  :add_to_index_later
+        after_update_commit  :update_in_index_later
+        after_destroy_commit :remove_from_index_later
+
+    Fixes #22515.
+
+    *Genadi Samokovarov*
+
 *   Respect the column default values for `inheritance_column` when
     instantiating records through the base class.
 

activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb

@@ -233,6 +233,24 @@ module ActiveRecord
         set_callback(:commit, :after, *args, &block)
       end
 
+      # Shortcut for +after_commit :hook, on: :create+.
+      def after_create_commit(*args, &block)
+        set_options_for_callbacks!(args, on: :create)
+        set_callback(:commit, :after, *args, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Shortcut for +after_commit :hook, on: :update+.
+      def after_update_commit(*args, &block)
+        set_options_for_callbacks!(args, on: :update)
+        set_callback(:commit, :after, *args, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Shortcut for +after_commit :hook, on: :destroy+.
+      def after_destroy_commit(*args, &block)
+        set_options_for_callbacks!(args, on: :destroy)
+        set_callback(:commit, :after, *args, &block)
+      end
+
       # This callback is called after a create, update, or destroy are rolled back.
       #
       # Please check the documentation of #after_commit for options.
@@ -268,9 +286,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       private
 
-      def set_options_for_callbacks!(args)
+      def set_options_for_callbacks!(args, enforced_options = {})
-        options = args.last
+        options = args.extract_options!.merge!(enforced_options)
-        if options.is_a?(Hash) && options[:on]
+        args << options
+
+        if options[:on]
           fire_on = Array(options[:on])
           assert_valid_transaction_action(fire_on)
           options[:if] = Array(options[:if])

activerecord/test/cases/transaction_callbacks_test.rb

@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ class TransactionCallbacksTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     has_many :replies, class_name: "ReplyWithCallbacks", foreign_key: "parent_id"
 
     after_commit { |record| record.do_after_commit(nil) }
-    after_commit(on: :create) { |record| record.do_after_commit(:create) }
+    after_create_commit { |record| record.do_after_commit(:create) }
-    after_commit(on: :update) { |record| record.do_after_commit(:update) }
+    after_update_commit { |record| record.do_after_commit(:update) }
-    after_commit(on: :destroy) { |record| record.do_after_commit(:destroy) }
+    after_destroy_commit { |record| record.do_after_commit(:destroy) }
     after_rollback { |record| record.do_after_rollback(nil) }
     after_rollback(on: :create) { |record| record.do_after_rollback(:create) }
     after_rollback(on: :update) { |record| record.do_after_rollback(:update) }

guides/source/active_record_callbacks.md

@@ -412,4 +412,23 @@ end
 NOTE: the `:on` option specifies when a callback will be fired. If you
 don't supply the `:on` option the callback will fire for every action.
 
+Since using `after_commit` callback only on create, update or delete is
+common, there are aliases for those operations:
+
+* `after_create_commit`
+* `after_update_commit`
+* `after_destroy_commit`
+
+```ruby
+class PictureFile < ActiveRecord::Base
+  after_destroy_commit :delete_picture_file_from_disk
+
+  def delete_picture_file_from_disk
+    if File.exist?(filepath)
+      File.delete(filepath)
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
 WARNING. The `after_commit` and `after_rollback` callbacks are guaranteed to be called for all models created, updated, or destroyed within a transaction block. If any exceptions are raised within one of these callbacks, they will be ignored so that they don't interfere with the other callbacks. As such, if your callback code could raise an exception, you'll need to rescue it and handle it appropriately within the callback.