Improved performance of Routes generation by a factor of 5 #1434 [Nicholas Seckar] Added named routes (NEEDS BETTER DESCRIPTION) #1434 [Nicholas Seckar]

git-svn-id: http://svn-commit.rubyonrails.org/rails/trunk@1496 5ecf4fe2-1ee6-0310-87b1-e25e094e27de

actionpack/CHANGELOG

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 *SVN*
 
-* Improved AbstractRequest documentation.  #1483 [court3nay@gmail.com]
+* Improved performance of Routes generation by a factor of 5 #1434 [Nicholas Seckar] 
 
-* Added ActionController::Base.allow_concurrency to control whether the application is thread-safe, so multi-threaded servers like WEBrick knows whether to apply a mutex around the performance of each action. Action Pack and Active Record are by default thread-safe, but many applications may not be. Turned off by default.
+* Added named routes (NEEDS BETTER DESCRIPTION) #1434 [Nicholas Seckar]
+
+* Improved AbstractRequest documentation #1483 [court3nay@gmail.com]
+
+* Added ActionController::Base.allow_concurrency to control whether the application is thread-safe, so multi-threaded servers like WEBrick knows whether to apply a mutex around the performance of each action. Turned off by default. EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE.
 
 * Added TextHelper#word_wrap(text, line_length = 80) #1449 [tuxie@dekadance.se]
 

actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 require 'action_controller/request'
 require 'action_controller/response'
 require 'action_controller/routing'
+require 'action_controller/code_generation'
 require 'action_controller/url_rewriter'
 require 'drb'
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
   end
   class MissingTemplate < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
   end
-  class RoutingError < ActionControllerError#:nodoc:
+  class RoutingError < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
     attr_reader :failures
     def initialize(message, failures=[])
       super(message)

actionpack/lib/action_controller/code_generation.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+module ActionController
+  module CodeGeneration #:nodoc
+    class GenerationError < StandardError
+    end
+  
+    class Source
+      attr_reader :lines, :indentation_level
+      IndentationString = '  '
+      def initialize
+        @lines, @indentation_level = [], 0
+      end
+      def line(line)
+        @lines << (IndentationString * @indentation_level + line)
+      end
+      alias :<< :line
+    
+      def indent
+        @indentation_level += 1
+        yield
+        ensure
+        @indentation_level -= 1
+      end
+    
+      def to_s() lines.join("\n") end
+    end
+
+    class CodeGenerator
+      attr_accessor :source, :locals
+      def initialize(source = nil)
+        @locals = []
+        @source = source || Source.new
+      end
+    
+      BeginKeywords = %w(if unless begin until while def).collect {|kw| kw.to_sym}
+      ResumeKeywords = %w(elsif else rescue).collect {|kw| kw.to_sym}
+      Keywords = BeginKeywords + ResumeKeywords
+    
+      def method_missing(keyword, *text)
+        if Keywords.include? keyword
+          if ResumeKeywords.include? keyword
+            raise GenerationError, "Can only resume with #{keyword} immediately after an end" unless source.lines.last =~ /^\s*end\s*$/ 
+            source.lines.pop # Remove the 'end'
+          end
+      
+          line "#{keyword} #{text.join ' '}"
+          begin source.indent { yield(self.dup) }
+          ensure line 'end'
+          end
+        else
+          super(keyword, *text)
+        end
+      end
+    
+      def line(*args) self.source.line(*args) end
+      alias :<< :line
+      def indent(*args, &block) source(*args, &block) end
+      def to_s() source.to_s end
+    
+      def share_locals_with(other)
+        other.locals = self.locals = (other.locals | locals) 
+      end
+    
+      FieldsToDuplicate = [:locals]
+      def dup
+        copy = self.class.new(source)
+        self.class::FieldsToDuplicate.each do |sym|
+          value = self.send(sym)
+          value = value.dup unless value.nil? || value.is_a?(Numeric)
+          copy.send("#{sym}=", value)
+        end
+        return copy
+      end
+    end
+
+    class RecognitionGenerator < CodeGenerator
+      Attributes = [:after, :before, :current, :results, :constants, :depth, :move_ahead, :finish_statement]
+      attr_accessor(*Attributes)
+      FieldsToDuplicate = CodeGenerator::FieldsToDuplicate + Attributes
+    
+      def initialize(*args)
+        super(*args)
+        @after, @before = [], []
+        @current = nil
+        @results, @constants = {}, {}
+        @depth = 0
+        @move_ahead = nil
+        @finish_statement = Proc.new {|hash_expr| hash_expr}
+      end
+    
+      def if_next_matches(string, &block)
+        test = Routing.test_condition(next_segment(true), string)
+        self.if(test, &block)
+      end
+    
+      def move_forward(places = 1)
+        dup = self.dup
+        dup.depth += 1
+        dup.move_ahead = places
+        yield dup
+      end
+    
+      def next_segment(assign_inline = false, default = nil)
+        if locals.include?(segment_name)
+          code = segment_name
+        else
+          code = "#{segment_name} = #{path_name}[#{index_name}]"
+          if assign_inline
+            code = "(#{code})"
+          else
+            line(code)
+            code = segment_name
+          end
+        
+          locals << segment_name
+        end
+        code = "(#{code} || #{default.inspect})" if default 
+      
+        return code
+      end
+    
+      def segment_name() "segment#{depth}".to_sym end
+      def path_name() :path end
+      def index_name
+        move_ahead, @move_ahead = @move_ahead, nil
+        move_ahead ? "index += #{move_ahead}" : 'index'
+      end
+    
+      def continue
+        dup = self.dup
+        dup.before << dup.current
+        dup.current = dup.after.shift
+        dup.go
+      end
+    
+      def go
+        if current then current.write_recognition(self)
+        else self.finish
+        end
+      end 
+    
+      def result(key, expression, delay = false)
+        unless delay
+          line "#{key}_value = #{expression}"
+          expression = "#{key}_value"
+        end
+        results[key] = expression
+      end
+      def constant_result(key, object)
+        constants[key] = object
+      end
+  
+      def finish(ensure_traversal_finished = true)
+        pairs = [] 
+        (results.keys + constants.keys).uniq.each do |key|
+          pairs << "#{key.to_s.inspect} => #{results[key] ? results[key] : constants[key].inspect}"
+        end
+        hash_expr = "{#{pairs.join(', ')}}"
+      
+        statement = finish_statement.call(hash_expr)
+        if ensure_traversal_finished then self.if("! #{next_segment(true)}") {|gp| gp << statement}
+        else self << statement
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  
+    class GenerationGenerator < CodeGenerator
+      Attributes = [:after, :before, :current, :segments]
+      attr_accessor(*Attributes)
+      FieldsToDuplicate = CodeGenerator::FieldsToDuplicate + Attributes
+    
+      def initialize(*args)
+        super(*args)
+        @after, @before = [], []
+        @current = nil
+        @segments = []
+      end
+    
+      def hash_name() 'hash' end
+      def local_name(key) "#{key}_value" end
+    
+      def hash_value(key, assign = true, default = nil)
+        if locals.include?(local_name(key)) then code = local_name(key)
+        else
+          code = "hash[#{key.to_sym.inspect}]"
+          if assign
+            code = "(#{local_name(key)} = #{code})"
+            locals << local_name(key)
+          end
+        end
+        code = "(#{code} || #{default.inspect})" if default
+        return code
+      end 
+    
+      def expire_for_keys(*keys)
+        return if keys.empty?
+        conds = keys.collect {|key| "expire_on[#{key.to_sym.inspect}]"}
+        line "not_expired, #{hash_name} = false, options if not_expired && #{conds.join(' && ')}"
+      end
+    
+      def add_segment(*segments)
+        d = dup
+        d.segments.concat segments
+        yield d
+      end
+    
+      def go
+        if current then current.write_generation(self)
+        else self.finish
+        end
+      end
+    
+      def continue
+        d = dup
+        d.before << d.current
+        d.current = d.after.shift
+        d.go
+      end
+    
+      def finish
+        line %("#{segments.join('/')}")
+      end
+
+      def check_conditions(conditions)
+        tests = []
+        generator = nil
+        conditions.each do |key, condition|
+          tests << (generator || self).hash_value(key, true) if condition.is_a? Regexp
+          tests << Routing.test_condition((generator || self).hash_value(key, false), condition)
+          generator = self.dup unless generator
+        end
+        return tests.join(' && ')
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

actionpack/lib/action_controller/request.rb

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ module ActionController
       method == :head
     end
 
-
     # Determine whether the body of a POST request is URL-encoded (default),
     # XML, or YAML by checking the Content-Type HTTP header:
     #
@@ -78,9 +77,9 @@ module ActionController
       post_format == :yaml && post?
     end
 
-    # Is the X-Requested-With HTTP header present and does it contain the
+    # Returns true if the request's "X-Requested-With" header contains
-    # string "XMLHttpRequest"?.  The Prototype Javascript library sends this
+    # "XMLHttpRequest". (The Prototype Javascript library sends this header with
-    # header with every Ajax request.
+    # every Ajax request.)
     def xml_http_request?
       not /XMLHttpRequest/i.match(env['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH']).nil?
     end
@@ -186,7 +185,11 @@ module ActionController
   
     def path_parameters=(parameters)
       @path_parameters = parameters
-      @parameters = nil
+      @symbolized_path_parameters = @parameters = nil
+    end
+    
+    def symbolized_path_parameters
+      @symbolized_path_parameters ||= path_parameters.symbolize_keys
     end
 
     def path_parameters

actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing.rb

@@ -1,342 +1,578 @@
 module ActionController
-  # See http://manuals.rubyonrails.com/read/chapter/65
   module Routing
-    class Route #:nodoc:
+    class << self
-      attr_reader :defaults # The defaults hash
+
-      
+      def expiry_hash(options, recall)
-      def initialize(path, hash={})
+        k = v = nil
-        raise ArgumentError, "Second argument must be a hash!" unless hash.kind_of?(Hash)
+        expire_on = {}
-        @defaults = hash[:defaults].kind_of?(Hash) ? hash.delete(:defaults) : {}
+        options.each {|k, v| expire_on[k] = ((rcv = recall[k]) && (rcv != v))}
-        @requirements = hash[:requirements].kind_of?(Hash) ? hash.delete(:requirements) : {}
+        expire_on
-        self.items = path
+      end
+
+      def extract_parameter_value(parameter) #:nodoc:
+        CGI.escape((parameter.respond_to?(:to_param) ? parameter.to_param : parameter).to_s) 
+      end
+      def controller_relative_to(controller, previous)
+        if controller.nil?           then previous
+        elsif controller[0] == ?/    then controller[1..-1]
+        elsif %r{^(.*)/} =~ previous then "#{$1}/#{controller}"
+        else controller
+        end
+      end
+
+      def treat_hash(hash)
+        k = v = nil
         hash.each do |k, v|
-          raise TypeError, "Hash keys must be symbols!" unless k.kind_of? Symbol
+          hash[k] = (v.respond_to? :to_param) ? v.to_param.to_s : v.to_s 
-          if v.kind_of? Regexp
+        end
-            raise ArgumentError, "Regexp requirement on #{k}, but #{k} is not in this route's path!" unless @items.include? k
+        hash
-            @requirements[k] = v
+      end
+    end
+
+    class RoutingError < StandardError
+    end
+
+    class << self
+      def test_condition(expression, condition)
+        case condition
+          when String then "(#{expression} == #{condition.inspect})"
+          when Regexp then
+            condition = Regexp.new("^#{condition.source}$") unless /^\^.*\$$/ =~ condition.source 
+            "(#{condition.inspect} =~ #{expression})"
+          when true then expression
+          when nil then "! #{expression}"
           else
-            (@items.include?(k) ? @defaults : @requirements)[k] = (v.nil? ? nil : v.to_s)
+            raise ArgumentError, "Valid criteria are strings, regular expressions, true, or nil"
-          end
-        end
-        
-        @defaults.each do |k, v|
-          raise ArgumentError, "A default has been specified for #{k}, but #{k} is not in the path!" unless @items.include? k
-          @defaults[k] = v.to_s unless v.kind_of?(String) || v.nil?
-        end
-        @requirements.each {|k, v| raise ArgumentError, "A Regexp requirement has been specified for #{k}, but #{k} is not in the path!" if v.kind_of?(Regexp) && ! @items.include?(k)}
-        
-        # Add in defaults for :action and :id.
-        [[:action, 'index'], [:id, nil]].each do |name, default|
-          @defaults[name] = default if @items.include?(name) && ! (@requirements.key?(name) || @defaults.key?(name))
         end
       end
-      
+    end
-      # Generate a URL given the provided options.
-      # All values in options should be symbols.
-      # Returns the path and the unused names in a 2 element array.
-      # If generation fails, [nil, nil] is returned
-      # Generation can fail because of a missing value, or because an equality check fails.
-      #
-      # Generate urls will be as short as possible. If the last component of a url is equal to the default value,
-      # then that component is removed. This is applied as many times as possible. So, your index controller's
-      # index action will generate []
-      def generate(options, defaults={})
-        non_matching = @requirements.keys.select {|name| ! passes_requirements?(name, options[name] || defaults[name])}
-        non_matching.collect! {|name| requirements_for(name)}
-        return nil, "Mismatching option#{'s' if non_matching.length > 1}:\n   #{non_matching.join '\n   '}" unless non_matching.empty?
-        
-        used_names = @requirements.inject({}) {|hash, (k, v)| hash[k] = true; hash} # Mark requirements as used so they don't get put in the query params
-        components = @items.collect do |item|
 
-          if item.kind_of? Symbol
+    class Component #:nodoc
-            collection = false
+      def dynamic?()  false end
+      def optional?() false end
 
-            if /^\*/ =~ item.to_s
+      def key() nil end
-              collection = true
+  
-              item = item.to_s.sub(/^\*/,"").intern
+      def self.new(string, *args)
-            end
+        return super(string, *args) unless self == Component
+        case string
+          when ':controller' then ControllerComponent.new(:controller, *args)
+          when /^:(\w+)$/    then DynamicComponent.new($1, *args)
+          when /^\*(\w+)$/   then PathComponent.new($1, *args)
+          else StaticComponent.new(string, *args)
+        end
+      end 
+    end
 
-            used_names[item] = true
+    class StaticComponent < Component #:nodoc
-            value = options[item] || defaults[item] || @defaults[item]
+      attr_reader :value
-            return nil, requirements_for(item) unless passes_requirements?(item, value)
+  
+      def initialize(value)
+        @value = value
+      end
 
-            defaults = {} unless defaults == {} || value == defaults[item] # Stop using defaults if this component isn't the same as the default.
+      def write_recognition(g)
+        g.if_next_matches(value) do |gp|
+          gp.move_forward {|gpp| gpp.continue}
+        end
+      end
 
-      	    if value.nil? || item == :controller
+      def write_generation(g)
-              value
+        g.add_segment(value) {|gp| gp.continue }
-            elsif collection
+      end
-              if value.kind_of?(Array)
+    end
-                value = value.collect {|v| Routing.extract_parameter_value(v)}.join('/')
+
-              else
+    class DynamicComponent < Component #:nodoc
-                value = Routing.extract_parameter_value(value).gsub(/%2F/, "/")
+      attr_reader :key, :default
-              end
+      attr_accessor :condition
-              value
+  
-            else
+      def dynamic?()  true      end
-              Routing.extract_parameter_value(value)
+      def optional?() @optional end
-            end
+
-          else
+      def default=(default)
-            item
+        @optional = true
+        @default = default
+      end
+    
+      def initialize(key, options = {})
+        @key = key.to_sym
+        @default, @condition = options[:default], options[:condition]
+        @optional = options.key?(:default)
+      end
+
+      def default_check(g)
+        presence = "#{g.hash_value(key, !! default)}"
+        if default
+           "!(#{presence} && #{g.hash_value(key, false)} != #{default.inspect})"
+        else
+          "! #{presence}"
+        end
+      end
+  
+      def write_generation(g)
+        wrote_dropout = write_dropout_generation(g)
+        write_continue_generation(g, wrote_dropout)
+      end
+
+      def write_dropout_generation(g)
+        return false unless optional? && g.after.all? {|c| c.optional?}
+    
+        check = [default_check(g)]
+        gp = g.dup # Use another generator to write the conditions after the first &&
+        # We do this to ensure that the generator will not assume x_value is set. It will
+        # not be set if it follows a false condition -- for example, false && (x = 2)
+    
+        gp.after.map {|c| c.default_check gp}
+        gp.if(check.join(' && ')) { gp.finish } # If this condition is met, we stop here
+        true 
+      end
+
+      def write_continue_generation(g, use_else)
+        test  = Routing.test_condition(g.hash_value(key, true, default), condition || true)
+        check = (use_else && condition.nil? && default) ? [:else] : [use_else ? :elsif : :if, test]
+    
+        g.send(*check) do |gp|
+          gp.expire_for_keys(key) unless gp.after.empty?
+          add_segments_to(gp) {|gpp| gpp.continue}
+        end
+      end
+
+      def add_segments_to(g)
+        g.add_segment(%(\#{CGI.escape(#{g.hash_value(key, true, default)})})) {|gp| yield gp}
+      end
+  
+      def recognition_check(g)
+        test_type = [true, nil].include?(condition) ? :presence : :constraint
+    
+        prefix = condition.is_a?(Regexp) ? "#{g.next_segment(true)} && " : ''
+        check = prefix + Routing.test_condition(g.next_segment(true), condition || true)
+    
+        g.if(check) {|gp| yield gp, test_type}
+      end
+  
+      def write_recognition(g)
+        test_type = nil
+        recognition_check(g) do |gp, test_type|
+          assign_result(gp) {|gpp| gpp.continue}
+        end
+    
+        if optional? && g.after.all? {|c| c.optional?}
+          call = (test_type == :presence) ? [:else] : [:elsif, "! #{g.next_segment(true)}"]
+       
+          g.send(*call) do |gp|
+            assign_default(gp)
+            gp.after.each {|c| c.assign_default(gp)}
+            gp.finish(false)
           end
         end
-        
-        @items.reverse_each do |item| # Remove default components from the end of the generated url.
-          break unless item.kind_of?(Symbol) && @defaults[item] == components.last
-          components.pop
-        end
-        
-        # If we have any nil components then we can't proceed.
-        # This might need to be changed. In some cases we may be able to return all componets after nil as extras.
-        missing = []; components.each_with_index {|c, i| missing << @items[i] if c.nil?}
-        return nil, "No values provided for component#{'s' if missing.length > 1} #{missing.join ', '} but values are required due to use of later components" unless missing.empty? # how wide is your screen?
-        
-        unused = (options.keys - used_names.keys).inject({}) do |unused, key|
-          unused[key] = options[key] if options[key] != @defaults[key]
-          unused
-        end
-        
-        components.collect! {|c| c.to_s}
-        return components, unused
       end
+
+      def assign_result(g, with_default = false)
+        g.result key, "CGI.unescape(#{g.next_segment(true, with_default ? default : nil)})"
+        g.move_forward {|gp| yield gp}
+      end
+
+      def assign_default(g)
+        g.constant_result key, default unless default.nil?
+      end
+    end
+
+    class ControllerComponent < DynamicComponent #:nodoc
+      def key() :controller end
+
+      def add_segments_to(g)
+        g.add_segment(%(\#{#{g.hash_value(key, true, default)}})) {|gp| yield gp}
+      end
+    
+      def recognition_check(g)
+        g << "controller_result = ::ActionController::Routing::ControllerComponent.traverse_to_controller(#{g.path_name}, #{g.index_name})" 
+        g.if('controller_result') do |gp|
+          gp << 'controller_value, segments_to_controller = controller_result'
+          gp.move_forward('segments_to_controller') {|gpp| yield gpp, :constraint}
+        end
+      end
+
+      def assign_result(g)
+        g.result key, 'controller_value'
+        yield g
+      end
+
+      def assign_default(g)
+        ControllerComponent.assign_controller(g, default)
+      end
+  
+      class << self
+        def assign_controller(g, controller)
+          expr = "::Controllers::#{controller.split('/').collect {|c| c.camelize}.join('::')}Controller"
+          g.result :controller, expr, true
+        end
+
+        def traverse_to_controller(segments, start_at = 0)
+          mod = ::Controllers
+          length = segments.length
+          index = start_at
+          mod_name = controller_name = segment = nil
       
-      # Recognize the provided path, returning a hash of recognized values, or [nil, reason] if the path isn't recognized.
+          while index < length
-      # The path should be a list of component strings.
+            return nil unless /^[a-z][a-z\d_]*$/ =~ (segment = segments[index])
-      # Options is a hash of the ?k=v pairs
+            index += 1
-      def recognize(components, options={})
-        options = options.clone
-        components = components.clone
-        controller_class = nil
         
-        @items.each do |item|
+            mod_name = segment.camelize
-          if item == :controller # Special case for controller
+            controller_name = "#{mod_name}Controller"
-            if components.empty? && @defaults[:controller]
+        
-              controller_class, leftover = eat_path_to_controller(@defaults[:controller].split('/'))
+            return eval("mod::#{controller_name}"), (index - start_at) if mod.const_available?(controller_name)
-              raise RoutingError, "Default controller does not exist: #{@defaults[:controller]}" if controller_class.nil? || leftover.empty? == false
+            return nil unless mod.const_available?(mod_name)
-            else
+            mod = eval("mod::#{mod_name}")
-              controller_class, remaining_components = eat_path_to_controller(components)
-              return nil, "No controller found at subpath #{components.join('/')}" if controller_class.nil?
-              components = remaining_components
-            end
-            options[:controller] = controller_class.controller_path
-            return nil, requirements_for(:controller) unless passes_requirements?(:controller, options[:controller])
-          elsif /^\*/ =~ item.to_s
-            if components.empty?
-              value = @defaults.has_key?(item) ? @defaults[item].clone : []
-            else
-              value = components.clone
-            end
-            value.collect! {|c| CGI.unescape c}
-            components = []
-            def value.to_s() self.join('/') end
-            options[item.to_s.sub(/^\*/,"").intern] = value
-          elsif item.kind_of? Symbol
-            value = components.shift || @defaults[item]
-            return nil, requirements_for(item) unless passes_requirements?(item, value)
-            options[item] = value.nil? ? value : CGI.unescape(value)
-          else
-            return nil, "No value available for component #{item.inspect}" if components.empty?
-            component = components.shift
-            return nil, "Value for component #{item.inspect} doesn't match #{component}" if component != item
           end
         end
-        
-        if controller_class.nil? && @requirements[:controller] # Load a default controller
-          controller_class, extras = eat_path_to_controller(@requirements[:controller].split('/'))
-          raise RoutingError, "Illegal controller path for route default: #{@requirements[:controller]}" unless controller_class && extras.empty?
-          options[:controller] = controller_class.controller_path
-        end
-        @requirements.each {|k,v| options[k] ||= v unless v.kind_of?(Regexp)}
-
-        return nil, "Route recognition didn't find a controller class!" unless controller_class
-        return nil, "Unused components were left: #{components.join '/'}" unless components.empty?
-        options.delete_if {|k, v| v.nil?} # Remove nil values.
-        return controller_class, options
       end
-      
+    end
+
+    class PathComponent < DynamicComponent #:nodoc 
+      def optional?() true end
+      def default()   ''   end
+      def condition() nil  end
+  
+      def write_generation(g)
+        raise RoutingError, 'Path components must occur last' unless g.after.empty?
+        g.if("#{g.hash_value(key, true)} && ! #{g.hash_value(key, true)}.empty?") do
+          g << "#{g.hash_value(key, true)} = #{g.hash_value(key, true)}.join('/') unless #{g.hash_value(key, true)}.is_a?(String)"
+          g.add_segment("\#{CGI.escape_skipping_slashes(#{g.hash_value(key, true)})}") {|gp| gp.finish }
+        end
+        g.else { g.finish }
+      end
+  
+      def write_recognition(g)
+        raise RoutingError, "Path components must occur last" unless g.after.empty?
+    
+        start = g.index_name
+        start = "(#{start})" unless /^\w+$/ =~ start
+    
+        value_expr = "#{g.path_name}[#{start}..-1] || []"
+        g.result key, "ActionController::Routing::PathComponent::Result.new(#{value_expr})"
+        g.finish(false)
+      end
+  
+      class Result < ::Array
+        def to_s() join '/' end
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Route
+      attr_accessor :components, :known
+      attr_reader :path, :options, :keys
+  
+      def initialize(path, options = {})
+        @path, @options = path, options
+    
+        initialize_components path
+        defaults, conditions = initialize_hashes options.dup
+        configure_components(defaults, conditions)
+        initialize_keys
+      end
+  
       def inspect
-        when_str = @requirements.empty? ? "" : " when #{@requirements.inspect}"
+        "<#{self.class} #{path.inspect}, #{options.inspect[1..-1]}>"
-        default_str = @defaults.empty? ? "" : " || #{@defaults.inspect}"
-        "<#{self.class.to_s} #{@items.collect{|c| c.kind_of?(String) ? c : c.inspect}.join('/').inspect}#{default_str}#{when_str}>"
       end
-      
+  
+      def write_generation(generator = CodeGeneration::GenerationGenerator.new)
+        generator.before, generator.current, generator.after = [], components.first, (components[1..-1] || [])
+
+        if known.empty? then generator.go
+        else generator.if(generator.check_conditions(known)) {|gp| gp.go }
+        end
+    
+        generator
+      end
+  
+      def write_recognition(generator = CodeGeneration::RecognitionGenerator.new)
+        g = generator.dup
+        g.share_locals_with generator
+        g.before, g.current, g.after = [], components.first, (components[1..-1] || [])
+    
+        known.each do |key, value|
+          if key == :controller then ControllerComponent.assign_controller(g, value)
+          else g.constant_result(key, value)
+          end
+        end
+    
+        g.go
+    
+        generator
+      end
+
+      def initialize_keys
+        @keys = (components.collect {|c| c.key} + known.keys).compact
+        @keys.freeze
+      end
+  
+      def extra_keys(options)
+        options.keys - @keys
+      end
+    
+      def matches_controller?(controller)
+        if known[:controller] then known[:controller] == controller
+        else
+          c = components.find {|c| c.key == :controller}
+          return false unless c
+          return c.condition.nil? || eval(Routing.test_condition('controller', c.condition))
+        end
+      end
+  
       protected
-        # Find the controller given a list of path components.
+  
-        # Return the controller class and the unused path components.
+        def initialize_components(path)
-        def eat_path_to_controller(path)
+          path = path.split('/') if path.is_a? String
-          path.inject([Controllers, 1]) do |(mod, length), name|
+          self.components = path.collect {|str| Component.new str}
-            name = name.camelize
-            return nil, nil unless /^[A-Z][_a-zA-Z\d]*$/ =~ name
-            controller_name = name + "Controller"
-            return eval("mod::#{controller_name}"), path[length..-1] if mod.const_available? controller_name
-            return nil, nil unless mod.const_available? name
-            [mod.const_get(name), length + 1]
-          end
-          return nil, nil # Path ended, but no controller found.
         end
+    
+        def initialize_hashes(options)
+          path_keys = components.collect {|c| c.key }.compact 
+          self.known = {}
+          defaults = options.delete(:defaults) || {}
+          conditions = options.delete(:require) || {}
+          conditions.update(options.delete(:requirements) || {})
       
-        def items=(path)
+          options.each do |k, v|
-          items = path.split('/').collect {|c| (/^(:|\*)(\w+)$/ =~ c) ? (($1 == ':' ) ? $2.intern : "*#{$2}".intern) : c} if path.kind_of?(String) # split and convert ':xyz' to symbols
+            if path_keys.include?(k) then (v.is_a?(Regexp) ? conditions : defaults)[k] = v
-          items.shift if items.first == ""
+            else known[k] = v
-          items.pop if items.last == ""
-          @items = items
-          
-          # Verify uniqueness of each component.
-          @items.inject({}) do |seen, item|
-            if item.kind_of? Symbol
-              raise ArgumentError, "Illegal route path -- duplicate item #{item}\n   #{path.inspect}" if seen.key? item
-              seen[item] = true
             end
-            seen
           end
+          [defaults, conditions]
         end
+    
+        def configure_components(defaults, conditions)
+          components.each do |component|
+            if defaults.key?(component.key) then component.default = defaults[component.key]
+            elsif component.key == :action  then component.default = 'index'
+            elsif component.key == :id      then component.default = nil
+            end
         
-        # Verify that the given value passes this route's requirements
+            component.condition = conditions[component.key] if conditions.key?(component.key)
-        def passes_requirements?(name, value)
-          return @defaults.key?(name) && @defaults[name].nil? if value.nil? # Make sure it's there if it should be
-          
-          case @requirements[name]
-            when nil then true
-            when Regexp then
-              value = value.to_s
-              match = @requirements[name].match(value)
-              match && match[0].length == value.length
-            else
-              @requirements[name] == value.to_s
-          end
-        end
-        def requirements_for(name)
-          name = name.to_s.sub(/^\*/,"").intern if (/^\*/ =~ name.inspect)
-          presence = (@defaults.key?(name) && @defaults[name].nil?)
-          requirement = case @requirements[name]
-            when nil then nil
-            when Regexp then "match #{@requirements[name].inspect}"
-            else "be equal to #{@requirements[name].inspect}"
-          end
-          if presence && requirement then "#{name} must be present and #{requirement}"
-          elsif presence || requirement then "#{name} must #{requirement || 'be present'}"
-          else "#{name} has no requirements"
           end
         end
     end
-    
+
-    class RouteSet#:nodoc:
+    class RouteSet
+      attr_reader :routes, :categories, :controller_to_selector
       def initialize
         @routes = []
+        @generation_methods = Hash.new(:generate_default_path)
       end
       
-      def add_route(route)
+      def generate(options, request_or_recall_hash = {})
-        raise TypeError, "#{route.inspect} is not a Route instance!" unless route.kind_of?(Route)
+        recall = request_or_recall_hash.is_a?(Hash) ? request_or_recall_hash : request_or_recall_hash.symbolized_path_parameters
-        @routes << route
+        
-      end
+        if ((rc_c = recall[:controller]) && rc_c.include?(?/)) || ((c = options[:controller]) && c.include?(?/))  
-      def empty?
+          options[:controller] = Routing.controller_relative_to(c, rc_c)
-        @routes.empty?
-      end
-      def each
-        @routes.each {|route| yield route}
-      end
-      
-      # Generate a path for the provided options
-      # Returns the path as an array of components and a hash of unused names
-      # Raises RoutingError if not route can handle the provided components.
-      #
-      # Note that we don't return the first generated path. We do this so that when a route
-      # generates a path from a subset of the available options we can keep looking for a 
-      # route which can generate a path that uses more options.
-      # Note that we *do* return immediately if 
-      def generate(options, request)
-        raise RoutingError, "There are no routes defined!" if @routes.empty?
-
-        options = options.symbolize_keys
-        defaults = request.path_parameters.symbolize_keys
-        if options.empty? then options = defaults.clone # Get back the current url if no options was passed
-        else expand_controller_path!(options, defaults) # Expand the supplied controller path.
         end
-        defaults.delete_if {|k, v| options.key?(k) && options[k].nil?} # Remove defaults that have been manually cleared using :name => nil
+        options = recall.dup if options.empty? # XXX move to url_rewriter?
+        Routing.treat_hash(options) # XXX Move inwards (to generated code) or inline?
+        merged = recall.merge(options)
+        expire_on = Routing.expiry_hash(options, recall)
+    
+        path, keys = generate_path(merged, options, expire_on)
+    
+        # Factor out?
+        extras = {}
+        k = nil
+        keys.each {|k| extras[k] = options[k]} 
+        [path, extras]
+      end
+      
+      def generate_path(merged, options, expire_on)
+        send @generation_methods[merged[:controller]], merged, options, expire_on
+      end
+  
+      def write_generation
+        @generation_methods = Hash.new(:generate_default_path)
+        categorize_routes.each do |controller, routes|
+          next unless routes.length < @routes.length
+      
+          ivar = controller.gsub('/', '__')
+          method_name = "generate_path_for_#{ivar}".to_sym
+          instance_variable_set "@#{ivar}", routes
+          code = generation_code_for(ivar, method_name).to_s
+          eval(code)
+      
+          @generation_methods[controller.to_s]   = method_name
+          @generation_methods[controller.to_sym] = method_name
+        end
+        
+        eval(generation_code_for('routes', 'generate_default_path').to_s)
+      end
 
-        failures = []
+      def recognize(request)
-        selected = nil
+        string_path = request.path
-        self.each do |route|
+        string_path.chomp! if string_path[0] == ?/
-          path, unused = route.generate(options, defaults)
+        path = string_path.split '/'
-          if path.nil?
+        path.shift
-            failures << [route, unused] if ActionController::Base.debug_routes
+    
-          else 
+        hash = recognize_path(path)
-            return path, unused if unused.empty? # Found a perfect route -- we're finished.
+        raise RoutingError, "No route matches path #{path.inspect}" unless hash
-            if selected.nil? || unused.length < selected.last.length
+    
-              failures << [selected.first, "A better url than #{selected[1]} was found."] if selected
+        controller = hash['controller']
-              selected = [route, path, unused]
+        hash['controller'] = controller.controller_path
+        request.path_parameters = hash
+        controller.new
+      end
+      alias :recognize! :recognize
+  
+      def write_recognition
+        g = generator = CodeGeneration::RecognitionGenerator.new
+        g.finish_statement = Proc.new {|hash_expr| "return #{hash_expr}"}
+    
+        g.def "self.recognize_path(path)" do
+          each do |route|
+            g << 'index = 0'
+            route.write_recognition(g)
+          end
+        end
+    
+        eval g.to_s 
+      end
+        
+      def generation_code_for(ivar = 'routes', method_name = nil)
+        routes = instance_variable_get('@' + ivar)
+        key_ivar = "@keys_for_#{ivar}"
+        instance_variable_set(key_ivar, routes.collect {|route| route.keys})
+    
+        g = generator = CodeGeneration::GenerationGenerator.new
+        g.def "self.#{method_name}(merged, options, expire_on)" do
+          g << 'unused_count = options.length + 1'
+          g << "unused_keys = keys = options.keys"
+          g << 'path = nil'
+      
+          routes.each_with_index do |route, index|
+            g << "new_unused_keys = keys - #{key_ivar}[#{index}]"
+            g << 'new_path = ('
+            g.source.indent do
+              if index.zero?
+                g << "new_unused_count = new_unused_keys.length"
+                g << "hash = merged; not_expired = true"
+                route.write_generation(g.dup)
+              else
+                g.if "(new_unused_count = new_unused_keys.length) < unused_count" do |gp|
+                  gp << "hash = merged; not_expired = true"
+                  route.write_generation(gp)
+                end
+              end
+            end
+            g.source.lines.last << ' )' # Add the closing brace to the end line
+            g.if 'new_path' do
+              g << 'return new_path, [] if new_unused_count.zero?'
+              g << 'path = new_path; unused_keys = new_unused_keys; unused_count = new_unused_count'
+            end
+          end
+        
+          g << "raise RoutingError, \"No url can be generated for the hash \#{options.inspect}\" unless path"
+          g << "return path, unused_keys"
+        end
+        
+        return g
+      end
+      
+      def categorize_routes
+        @categorized_routes = by_controller = Hash.new(self)
+      
+        known_controllers.each do |name|
+          set = by_controller[name] = []
+          each do |route|
+            set << route if route.matches_controller? name
+          end
+        end
+    
+        @categorized_routes
+      end
+      
+      def known_controllers
+        @routes.inject([]) do |known, route|
+          if (controller = route.known[:controller])
+            if controller.is_a?(Regexp)
+              known << controller.source.scan(%r{[\w\d/]+}).select {|word| controller =~ word} 
+            else known << controller
+            end
+          end
+          known
+        end.uniq
+      end
+
+      def reload
+        NamedRoutes.clear
+        load(File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'config', 'routes.rb'))
+        NamedRoutes.install
+      end
+
+      def connect(*args)
+        new_route = Route.new(*args)
+        @routes << new_route
+        return new_route
+      end
+
+      def draw
+        old_routes = @routes
+        @routes = []
+        
+        begin yield self
+        rescue
+          @routes = old_routes
+          raise
+        end
+        write_generation
+        write_recognition
+      end
+      
+      def empty?() @routes.empty? end
+  
+      def each(&block) @routes.each(&block) end
+      
+      def method_missing(name, *args)
+        return super(name, *args) unless args.length == 2
+      
+        route = connect(*args)
+        NamedRoutes.name_route(route, name)
+        route
+      end
+    end
+
+    module NamedRoutes
+      Helpers = []
+      class << self
+        def clear() Helpers.clear end
+  
+        def hash_access_name(name)
+          "hash_for_#{name}_url"
+        end
+
+        def url_helper_name(name)
+          "#{name}_url"
+        end
+
+        def name_route(route, name)
+          hash = route.known.symbolize_keys
+      
+          define_method(hash_access_name(name)) { hash }
+          module_eval(%{def #{url_helper_name name}(options = {})
+            url_for(#{hash_access_name(name)}.merge(options))
+          end})
+      
+          protected url_helper_name(name), hash_access_name(name)
+      
+          Helpers << url_helper_name(name)
+          Helpers.uniq!
+        end
+    
+        def install(cls = ActionController::Base)
+          cls.send :include, self
+          if cls.respond_to? :helper_method
+            Helpers.each do |helper_name|
+              cls.send :helper_method, helper_name
             end
           end
         end
-        
-        return selected[1..-1] unless selected.nil?
-        raise RoutingError.new("Generation failure: No route for url_options #{options.inspect}, defaults: #{defaults.inspect}", failures)
       end
-      
-      # Recognize the provided path.
-      # Raise RoutingError if the path can't be recognized.
-      def recognize!(request)
-        path = ((%r{^/?(.*)/?$} =~ request.path) ? $1 : request.path).split('/')
-        raise RoutingError, "There are no routes defined!" if @routes.empty?
-        
-        failures = []
-        self.each do |route|
-          controller, options = route.recognize(path)
-          if controller.nil?
-            failures << [route, options] if ActionController::Base.debug_routes
-          else
-            request.path_parameters = options
-            return controller
-          end
-        end
-        
-        raise RoutingError.new("No route for path: #{path.join('/').inspect}", failures)
-      end
-      
-      def expand_controller_path!(options, defaults)
-        if options[:controller]
-          if /^\// =~ options[:controller]
-            options[:controller] = options[:controller][1..-1]
-            defaults.clear # Sending to absolute controller implies fresh defaults
-          else
-            relative_to = defaults[:controller] ? defaults[:controller].split('/')[0..-2].join('/') : ''
-            options[:controller] = relative_to.empty? ? options[:controller] : "#{relative_to}/#{options[:controller]}"
-            defaults.delete(:action) if options.key?(:controller)
-          end
-        else
-          options[:controller] = defaults[:controller]
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def route(*args)
-        add_route(Route.new(*args))
-      end
-      alias :connect :route
-      
-      def reload
-        begin
-          route_file = defined?(RAILS_ROOT) ? File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'config', 'routes') : nil
-          require_dependency(route_file) if route_file
-        rescue LoadError, ScriptError => e
-          raise RoutingError.new("Cannot load config/routes.rb:\n    #{e.message}").copy_blame!(e)
-        ensure # Ensure that there is at least one route:
-          connect(':controller/:action/:id', :action => 'index', :id => nil) if @routes.empty?
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def draw
-        @routes.clear
-        yield self
-      end
-    end
-    
-    def self.extract_parameter_value(parameter) #:nodoc:
-      value = (parameter.respond_to?(:to_param) ? parameter.to_param : parameter).to_s
-      CGI.escape(value)
     end
 
-    def self.draw(*args, &block) #:nodoc:
-      Routes.draw(*args) {|*args| block.call(*args)}
-    end
-    
     Routes = RouteSet.new
   end
 end

actionpack/lib/action_controller/url_rewriter.rb

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module ActionController
     end
 
     def to_str
-  		"#{@request.protocol}, #{@request.host_with_port}, #{@request.path}, #{@parameters[:controller]}, #{@parameters[:action]}, #{@request.parameters.inspect}"
+      "#{@request.protocol}, #{@request.host_with_port}, #{@request.path}, #{@parameters[:controller]}, #{@parameters[:action]}, #{@request.parameters.inspect}"
     end
 
     alias_method :to_s, :to_str
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module ActionController
         rewritten_url << '/' if options[:trailing_slash]
         rewritten_url << "##{options[:anchor]}" if options[:anchor]
 
-        return rewritten_url
+        rewritten_url
       end
 
       def rewrite_path(options)
@@ -38,17 +38,16 @@ module ActionController
         path, extras = Routing::Routes.generate(options, @request)
 
         if extras[:overwrite_params]
-          params_copy = @request.parameters.reject { |k,v| ["controller","action"].include? k }
+          params_copy = @request.parameters.reject { |k,v| %w(controller action).include? k }
           params_copy.update extras[:overwrite_params]
           extras.delete(:overwrite_params)
           extras.update(params_copy)
         end
 
-        path = "/#{path.join('/')}".chomp '/'
+        path  = "/#{path}"
-        path = '/' if path.empty?
+        path <<  build_query_string(extras) unless extras.empty?
-        path += build_query_string(extras)
         
-        return path
+        path
       end
 
       # Returns a query string with escaped keys and values from the passed hash. If the passed hash contains an "id" it'll
@@ -58,15 +57,14 @@ module ActionController
         query_string = ""
         
         hash.each do |key, value|
-          key = key.to_s
+          key = CGI.escape key.to_s
-          key = CGI.escape key
+          key <<  '[]' if value.class == Array
-          key += '[]' if value.class == Array
           value = [ value ] unless value.class == Array
           value.each { |val| elements << "#{key}=#{Routing.extract_parameter_value(val)}" }
         end
         
         query_string << ("?" + elements.join("&")) unless elements.empty?
-        return query_string
+        query_string
       end
   end
 end

actionpack/test/abstract_unit.rb

@@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ require 'action_controller/test_process'
 
 ActionController::Base.logger = nil
 ActionController::Base.ignore_missing_templates = true
-ActionController::Routing::Routes.reload
+ActionController::Routing::Routes.reload rescue nil

activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/array.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/array/to_param'
+
+class Array #:nodoc:
+  include ActiveSupport::CoreExtensions::Array::ToParam
+end

activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/array/to_param.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+module ActiveSupport #:nodoc:
+  module CoreExtensions #:nodoc:
+    module Array #:nodoc:
+      module ToParam #:nodoc:
+        # When an array is given to url_for, it is converted to a slash separated string.
+        def to_param
+          join '/'
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/cgi.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/cgi/escape_skipping_slashes'
+
+class CGI
+  extend(ActiveSupport::CoreExtensions::CGI::EscapeSkippingSlashes)
+end

activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/cgi/escape_skipping_slashes.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+module ActiveSupport #:nodoc:
+  module CoreExtensions #:nodoc:
+    module CGI #:nodoc:
+      module EscapeSkippingSlashes #:nodoc:
+        def escape_skipping_slashes(str)
+          str = str.join('/') if str.respond_to? :join
+          str.gsub(/([^ \/a-zA-Z0-9_.-])/n) do
+            "%#{$1.unpack('H2').first.upcase}"
+          end.tr(' ', '+')
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ module Dependencies
   end
   
   def depend_on(file_name, swallow_load_errors = false)
-    if !loaded.include?(file_name)
+    unless loaded.include?(file_name)
       loaded << file_name
 
       begin
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ module Dependencies
   end
   
   def require_or_load(file_name)
-    file_name = "#{file_name}.rb" unless ! load? || /\.rb$/ =~ file_name
+    file_name = "#{file_name}.rb" unless ! load? || file_name[-3..-1] == '.rb'
     load? ? load(file_name) : require(file_name)
   end
   
@@ -52,8 +52,10 @@ module Dependencies
     attr_reader :path
     attr_reader :root
     
-    def self.root(*load_paths)
+    class << self
-      RootLoadingModule.new(*load_paths)
+      def root(*load_paths)
+        RootLoadingModule.new(*load_paths)
+      end
     end
     
     def initialize(root, path=[])
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ module Dependencies
       @root = root
     end
     
-    def root?() self.root == self end
+    def root?()      self.root == self    end
     def load_paths() self.root.load_paths end
     
     # Load missing constants if possible.
@@ -71,13 +73,15 @@ module Dependencies
   
     # Load the controller class or a parent module.
     def const_load!(name, file_name = nil)
+      file_name ||= 'application' if root? && name.to_s == 'ApplicationController'
       path = self.path + [file_name || name]
 
       load_paths.each do |load_path|
         fs_path = load_path.filesystem_path(path)
         next unless fs_path
 
-        if File.directory?(fs_path)
+        case 
+        when File.directory?(fs_path)
           new_module = LoadingModule.new(self.root, self.path + [name])
           self.const_set name, new_module
           if self.root?
@@ -88,7 +92,7 @@ module Dependencies
             Object.const_set(name, new_module)
           end
           break
-        elsif File.file?(fs_path)
+        when File.file?(fs_path)
           self.root.load_file!(fs_path)
           
           # Import the loaded constant from Object provided we are the root node.
@@ -97,7 +101,7 @@ module Dependencies
         end
       end
       
-      return self.const_defined?(name)
+      self.const_defined?(name)
     end
     
     # Is this name present or loadable?
@@ -141,7 +145,7 @@ module Dependencies
     # if the path leads to a module, or the path to a file if it leads to an object.
     def filesystem_path(path, allow_module=true)
       fs_path = [@root]
-      fs_path += path[0..-2].collect {|name| const_name_to_module_name name}
+      fs_path += path[0..-2].map {|name| const_name_to_module_name name}
 
       if allow_module
         result = File.join(fs_path, const_name_to_module_name(path.last))
@@ -150,7 +154,7 @@ module Dependencies
 
       result = File.join(fs_path, const_name_to_file_name(path.last))
 
-      return File.file?(result) ? result : nil
+      File.file?(result) ? result : nil
     end
     
     def const_name_to_file_name(name)
@@ -164,8 +168,8 @@ module Dependencies
 end
 
 Object.send(:define_method, :require_or_load)     { |file_name| Dependencies.require_or_load(file_name) } unless Object.respond_to?(:require_or_load)
-Object.send(:define_method, :require_dependency)  { |file_name| Dependencies.depend_on(file_name) } unless Object.respond_to?(:require_dependency)
+Object.send(:define_method, :require_dependency)  { |file_name| Dependencies.depend_on(file_name) }       unless Object.respond_to?(:require_dependency)
-Object.send(:define_method, :require_association) { |file_name| Dependencies.associate_with(file_name) } unless Object.respond_to?(:require_association)
+Object.send(:define_method, :require_association) { |file_name| Dependencies.associate_with(file_name) }  unless Object.respond_to?(:require_association)
 
 class Module #:nodoc:
   # Use const_missing to autoload associations so we don't have to
@@ -186,19 +190,17 @@ end
 
 class Object #:nodoc:
   def load(file, *extras)
-    begin super(file, *extras)
+    super(file, *extras)
-    rescue Object => exception
+  rescue Object => exception
-      exception.blame_file! file
+    exception.blame_file! file
-      raise
+    raise
-    end
   end
 
   def require(file, *extras)
-    begin super(file, *extras)
+    super(file, *extras)
-    rescue Object => exception
+  rescue Object => exception
-      exception.blame_file! file
+    exception.blame_file! file
-      raise
+    raise
-    end
   end
 end
 

activesupport/test/core_ext/array_ext_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+require 'test/unit'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../../lib/active_support/core_ext/array'
+
+class ArrayExtToParamTests < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  def test_string_array
+    assert_equal '', %w().to_param
+    assert_equal 'hello/world', %w(hello world).to_param
+    assert_equal 'hello/10', %w(hello 10).to_param
+  end
+  
+  def test_number_array
+    assert_equal '10/20', [10, 20].to_param
+  end
+end

activesupport/test/core_ext/cgi_ext_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+require 'test/unit'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../../lib/active_support/core_ext/cgi'
+
+class EscapeSkippingSlashesTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
+  def test_array
+    assert_equal 'hello/world', CGI.escape_skipping_slashes(%w(hello world))
+    assert_equal 'hello+world/how/are/you', CGI.escape_skipping_slashes(['hello world', 'how', 'are', 'you'])
+  end
+
+  def test_typical
+    assert_equal 'hi', CGI.escape_skipping_slashes('hi')
+    assert_equal 'hi/world', CGI.escape_skipping_slashes('hi/world')
+    assert_equal 'hi/world+you+funky+thing', CGI.escape_skipping_slashes('hi/world you funky thing')
+  end
+end