diff --git a/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md b/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md
index c7b1bcf473..5bca1a8ab6 100644
--- a/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+*   Fixed issue in `ActiveSupport::Cache::MemCacheStore` which caused duplicate compression,
+    and caused the provided `compression_threshold` to not be respected.
+
+    *Max Gurewitz*
+
 *   Prevent `RedisCacheStore` and `MemCacheStore` from performing compression
     when reading entries written with `raw: true`.
 
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/mem_cache_store.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/mem_cache_store.rb
index 6d9516c2f2..ba8a8b5bdf 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/mem_cache_store.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/mem_cache_store.rb
@@ -149,7 +149,8 @@ module ActiveSupport
             expires_in += 5.minutes
           end
           rescue_error_with false do
-            @data.with { |c| c.send(method, key, value, expires_in, **options) }
+            # The value "compress: false" prevents duplicate compression within Dalli.
+            @data.with { |c| c.send(method, key, value, expires_in, **options, compress: false) }
           end
         end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/cache/stores/mem_cache_store_test.rb b/activesupport/test/cache/stores/mem_cache_store_test.rb
index 3ba6c52815..dae2071429 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/cache/stores/mem_cache_store_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/cache/stores/mem_cache_store_test.rb
@@ -129,7 +129,43 @@ class MemCacheStoreTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     assert_not_equal value, @cache.read("foo")
   end
 
+  def test_no_compress_when_below_threshold
+    cache = lookup_store(compress: true, compress_threshold: 10.kilobytes)
+    val = random_string(2.kilobytes)
+    compressed = Zlib::Deflate.deflate(val)
+
+    assert_called(
+      Zlib::Deflate,
+      :deflate,
+      "Memcached writes should not compress when below compress threshold.",
+      times: 0,
+      returns: compressed
+    ) do
+      cache.write("foo", val)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_no_multiple_compress
+    cache = lookup_store(compress: true)
+    val = random_string(100.kilobytes)
+    compressed = Zlib::Deflate.deflate(val)
+
+    assert_called(
+      Zlib::Deflate,
+      :deflate,
+      "Memcached writes should not perform duplicate compression.",
+      times: 1,
+      returns: compressed
+    ) do
+      cache.write("foo", val)
+    end
+  end
+
   private
+    def random_string(length)
+      (0...length).map { (65 + rand(26)).chr }.join
+    end
+
     def store
       [:mem_cache_store, ENV["MEMCACHE_SERVERS"] || "localhost:11211"]
     end