mirror of
https://github.com/rails/rails.git
synced 2022-11-09 12:12:34 -05:00
521 lines
21 KiB
Ruby
521 lines
21 KiB
Ruby
# frozen_string_literal: true
|
|
|
|
require "base64"
|
|
require "active_support/security_utils"
|
|
require "active_support/core_ext/array/access"
|
|
|
|
module ActionController
|
|
# HTTP Basic, Digest, and Token authentication.
|
|
module HttpAuthentication
|
|
# HTTP \Basic authentication.
|
|
#
|
|
# === Simple \Basic example
|
|
#
|
|
# class PostsController < ApplicationController
|
|
# http_basic_authenticate_with name: "dhh", password: "secret", except: :index
|
|
#
|
|
# def index
|
|
# render plain: "Everyone can see me!"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# def edit
|
|
# render plain: "I'm only accessible if you know the password"
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# === Advanced \Basic example
|
|
#
|
|
# Here is a more advanced \Basic example where only Atom feeds and the XML API are protected by HTTP authentication.
|
|
# The regular HTML interface is protected by a session approach:
|
|
#
|
|
# class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
|
|
# before_action :set_account, :authenticate
|
|
#
|
|
# private
|
|
# def set_account
|
|
# @account = Account.find_by(url_name: request.subdomains.first)
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# def authenticate
|
|
# case request.format
|
|
# when Mime[:xml], Mime[:atom]
|
|
# if user = authenticate_with_http_basic { |u, p| @account.users.authenticate(u, p) }
|
|
# @current_user = user
|
|
# else
|
|
# request_http_basic_authentication
|
|
# end
|
|
# else
|
|
# if session_authenticated?
|
|
# @current_user = @account.users.find(session[:authenticated][:user_id])
|
|
# else
|
|
# redirect_to(login_url) and return false
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# In your integration tests, you can do something like this:
|
|
#
|
|
# def test_access_granted_from_xml
|
|
# authorization = ActionController::HttpAuthentication::Basic.encode_credentials(users(:dhh).name, users(:dhh).password)
|
|
#
|
|
# get "/notes/1.xml", headers: { 'HTTP_AUTHORIZATION' => authorization }
|
|
#
|
|
# assert_equal 200, status
|
|
# end
|
|
module Basic
|
|
extend self
|
|
|
|
module ControllerMethods
|
|
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
|
|
|
|
module ClassMethods
|
|
def http_basic_authenticate_with(name:, password:, realm: nil, **options)
|
|
before_action(options) { http_basic_authenticate_or_request_with name: name, password: password, realm: realm }
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def http_basic_authenticate_or_request_with(name:, password:, realm: nil, message: nil)
|
|
authenticate_or_request_with_http_basic(realm, message) do |given_name, given_password|
|
|
# This comparison uses & so that it doesn't short circuit and
|
|
# uses `secure_compare` so that length information isn't leaked.
|
|
ActiveSupport::SecurityUtils.secure_compare(given_name, name) &
|
|
ActiveSupport::SecurityUtils.secure_compare(given_password, password)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def authenticate_or_request_with_http_basic(realm = nil, message = nil, &login_procedure)
|
|
authenticate_with_http_basic(&login_procedure) || request_http_basic_authentication(realm || "Application", message)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def authenticate_with_http_basic(&login_procedure)
|
|
HttpAuthentication::Basic.authenticate(request, &login_procedure)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def request_http_basic_authentication(realm = "Application", message = nil)
|
|
HttpAuthentication::Basic.authentication_request(self, realm, message)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def authenticate(request, &login_procedure)
|
|
if has_basic_credentials?(request)
|
|
login_procedure.call(*user_name_and_password(request))
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def has_basic_credentials?(request)
|
|
request.authorization.present? && (auth_scheme(request).downcase == "basic") && user_name_and_password(request).length == 2
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def user_name_and_password(request)
|
|
decode_credentials(request).split(":", 2)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def decode_credentials(request)
|
|
::Base64.decode64(auth_param(request) || "")
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def auth_scheme(request)
|
|
request.authorization.to_s.split(" ", 2).first
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def auth_param(request)
|
|
request.authorization.to_s.split(" ", 2).second
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def encode_credentials(user_name, password)
|
|
"Basic #{::Base64.strict_encode64("#{user_name}:#{password}")}"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def authentication_request(controller, realm, message)
|
|
message ||= "HTTP Basic: Access denied.\n"
|
|
controller.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] = %(Basic realm="#{realm.tr('"', "")}")
|
|
controller.status = 401
|
|
controller.response_body = message
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# HTTP \Digest authentication.
|
|
#
|
|
# === Simple \Digest example
|
|
#
|
|
# require "openssl"
|
|
# class PostsController < ApplicationController
|
|
# REALM = "SuperSecret"
|
|
# USERS = {"dhh" => "secret", #plain text password
|
|
# "dap" => OpenSSL::Digest::MD5.hexdigest(["dap",REALM,"secret"].join(":"))} #ha1 digest password
|
|
#
|
|
# before_action :authenticate, except: [:index]
|
|
#
|
|
# def index
|
|
# render plain: "Everyone can see me!"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# def edit
|
|
# render plain: "I'm only accessible if you know the password"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# private
|
|
# def authenticate
|
|
# authenticate_or_request_with_http_digest(REALM) do |username|
|
|
# USERS[username]
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# === Notes
|
|
#
|
|
# The +authenticate_or_request_with_http_digest+ block must return the user's password
|
|
# or the ha1 digest hash so the framework can appropriately hash to check the user's
|
|
# credentials. Returning +nil+ will cause authentication to fail.
|
|
#
|
|
# Storing the ha1 hash: MD5(username:realm:password), is better than storing a plain password. If
|
|
# the password file or database is compromised, the attacker would be able to use the ha1 hash to
|
|
# authenticate as the user at this +realm+, but would not have the user's password to try using at
|
|
# other sites.
|
|
#
|
|
# In rare instances, web servers or front proxies strip authorization headers before
|
|
# they reach your application. You can debug this situation by logging all environment
|
|
# variables, and check for HTTP_AUTHORIZATION, amongst others.
|
|
module Digest
|
|
extend self
|
|
|
|
module ControllerMethods
|
|
def authenticate_or_request_with_http_digest(realm = "Application", message = nil, &password_procedure)
|
|
authenticate_with_http_digest(realm, &password_procedure) || request_http_digest_authentication(realm, message)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Authenticate with HTTP \Digest. Returns true or false.
|
|
def authenticate_with_http_digest(realm = "Application", &password_procedure)
|
|
HttpAuthentication::Digest.authenticate(request, realm, &password_procedure)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Render output including the HTTP \Digest authentication header.
|
|
def request_http_digest_authentication(realm = "Application", message = nil)
|
|
HttpAuthentication::Digest.authentication_request(self, realm, message)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Returns false on a valid response, true otherwise.
|
|
def authenticate(request, realm, &password_procedure)
|
|
request.authorization && validate_digest_response(request, realm, &password_procedure)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Returns false unless the request credentials response value matches the expected value.
|
|
# First try the password as a ha1 digest password. If this fails, then try it as a plain
|
|
# text password.
|
|
def validate_digest_response(request, realm, &password_procedure)
|
|
secret_key = secret_token(request)
|
|
credentials = decode_credentials_header(request)
|
|
valid_nonce = validate_nonce(secret_key, request, credentials[:nonce])
|
|
|
|
if valid_nonce && realm == credentials[:realm] && opaque(secret_key) == credentials[:opaque]
|
|
password = password_procedure.call(credentials[:username])
|
|
return false unless password
|
|
|
|
method = request.get_header("rack.methodoverride.original_method") || request.get_header("REQUEST_METHOD")
|
|
uri = credentials[:uri]
|
|
|
|
[true, false].any? do |trailing_question_mark|
|
|
[true, false].any? do |password_is_ha1|
|
|
_uri = trailing_question_mark ? uri + "?" : uri
|
|
expected = expected_response(method, _uri, credentials, password, password_is_ha1)
|
|
expected == credentials[:response]
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Returns the expected response for a request of +http_method+ to +uri+ with the decoded +credentials+ and the expected +password+
|
|
# Optional parameter +password_is_ha1+ is set to +true+ by default, since best practice is to store ha1 digest instead
|
|
# of a plain-text password.
|
|
def expected_response(http_method, uri, credentials, password, password_is_ha1 = true)
|
|
ha1 = password_is_ha1 ? password : ha1(credentials, password)
|
|
ha2 = OpenSSL::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([http_method.to_s.upcase, uri].join(":"))
|
|
OpenSSL::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([ha1, credentials[:nonce], credentials[:nc], credentials[:cnonce], credentials[:qop], ha2].join(":"))
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def ha1(credentials, password)
|
|
OpenSSL::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([credentials[:username], credentials[:realm], password].join(":"))
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def encode_credentials(http_method, credentials, password, password_is_ha1)
|
|
credentials[:response] = expected_response(http_method, credentials[:uri], credentials, password, password_is_ha1)
|
|
"Digest " + credentials.sort_by { |x| x[0].to_s }.map { |v| "#{v[0]}='#{v[1]}'" }.join(", ")
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def decode_credentials_header(request)
|
|
decode_credentials(request.authorization)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def decode_credentials(header)
|
|
ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess[header.to_s.gsub(/^Digest\s+/, "").split(",").map do |pair|
|
|
key, value = pair.split("=", 2)
|
|
[key.strip, value.to_s.gsub(/^"|"$/, "").delete("'")]
|
|
end]
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def authentication_header(controller, realm)
|
|
secret_key = secret_token(controller.request)
|
|
nonce = self.nonce(secret_key)
|
|
opaque = opaque(secret_key)
|
|
controller.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] = %(Digest realm="#{realm}", qop="auth", algorithm=MD5, nonce="#{nonce}", opaque="#{opaque}")
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def authentication_request(controller, realm, message = nil)
|
|
message ||= "HTTP Digest: Access denied.\n"
|
|
authentication_header(controller, realm)
|
|
controller.status = 401
|
|
controller.response_body = message
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def secret_token(request)
|
|
key_generator = request.key_generator
|
|
http_auth_salt = request.http_auth_salt
|
|
key_generator.generate_key(http_auth_salt)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Uses an MD5 digest based on time to generate a value to be used only once.
|
|
#
|
|
# A server-specified data string which should be uniquely generated each time a 401 response is made.
|
|
# It is recommended that this string be base64 or hexadecimal data.
|
|
# Specifically, since the string is passed in the header lines as a quoted string, the double-quote character is not allowed.
|
|
#
|
|
# The contents of the nonce are implementation dependent.
|
|
# The quality of the implementation depends on a good choice.
|
|
# A nonce might, for example, be constructed as the base 64 encoding of
|
|
#
|
|
# time-stamp H(time-stamp ":" ETag ":" private-key)
|
|
#
|
|
# where time-stamp is a server-generated time or other non-repeating value,
|
|
# ETag is the value of the HTTP ETag header associated with the requested entity,
|
|
# and private-key is data known only to the server.
|
|
# With a nonce of this form a server would recalculate the hash portion after receiving the client authentication header and
|
|
# reject the request if it did not match the nonce from that header or
|
|
# if the time-stamp value is not recent enough. In this way the server can limit the time of the nonce's validity.
|
|
# The inclusion of the ETag prevents a replay request for an updated version of the resource.
|
|
# (Note: including the IP address of the client in the nonce would appear to offer the server the ability
|
|
# to limit the reuse of the nonce to the same client that originally got it.
|
|
# However, that would break proxy farms, where requests from a single user often go through different proxies in the farm.
|
|
# Also, IP address spoofing is not that hard.)
|
|
#
|
|
# An implementation might choose not to accept a previously used nonce or a previously used digest, in order to
|
|
# protect against a replay attack. Or, an implementation might choose to use one-time nonces or digests for
|
|
# POST, PUT, or PATCH requests, and a time-stamp for GET requests. For more details on the issues involved see Section 4
|
|
# of this document.
|
|
#
|
|
# The nonce is opaque to the client. Composed of Time, and hash of Time with secret
|
|
# key from the Rails session secret generated upon creation of project. Ensures
|
|
# the time cannot be modified by client.
|
|
def nonce(secret_key, time = Time.now)
|
|
t = time.to_i
|
|
hashed = [t, secret_key]
|
|
digest = OpenSSL::Digest::MD5.hexdigest(hashed.join(":"))
|
|
::Base64.strict_encode64("#{t}:#{digest}")
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Might want a shorter timeout depending on whether the request
|
|
# is a PATCH, PUT, or POST, and if the client is a browser or web service.
|
|
# Can be much shorter if the Stale directive is implemented. This would
|
|
# allow a user to use new nonce without prompting the user again for their
|
|
# username and password.
|
|
def validate_nonce(secret_key, request, value, seconds_to_timeout = 5 * 60)
|
|
return false if value.nil?
|
|
t = ::Base64.decode64(value).split(":").first.to_i
|
|
nonce(secret_key, t) == value && (t - Time.now.to_i).abs <= seconds_to_timeout
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Opaque based on digest of secret key
|
|
def opaque(secret_key)
|
|
OpenSSL::Digest::MD5.hexdigest(secret_key)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# HTTP Token authentication.
|
|
#
|
|
# Simple Token example:
|
|
#
|
|
# class PostsController < ApplicationController
|
|
# TOKEN = "secret"
|
|
#
|
|
# before_action :authenticate, except: [ :index ]
|
|
#
|
|
# def index
|
|
# render plain: "Everyone can see me!"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# def edit
|
|
# render plain: "I'm only accessible if you know the password"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# private
|
|
# def authenticate
|
|
# authenticate_or_request_with_http_token do |token, options|
|
|
# # Compare the tokens in a time-constant manner, to mitigate
|
|
# # timing attacks.
|
|
# ActiveSupport::SecurityUtils.secure_compare(token, TOKEN)
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
#
|
|
# Here is a more advanced Token example where only Atom feeds and the XML API are protected by HTTP token authentication.
|
|
# The regular HTML interface is protected by a session approach:
|
|
#
|
|
# class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
|
|
# before_action :set_account, :authenticate
|
|
#
|
|
# private
|
|
# def set_account
|
|
# @account = Account.find_by(url_name: request.subdomains.first)
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# def authenticate
|
|
# case request.format
|
|
# when Mime[:xml], Mime[:atom]
|
|
# if user = authenticate_with_http_token { |t, o| @account.users.authenticate(t, o) }
|
|
# @current_user = user
|
|
# else
|
|
# request_http_token_authentication
|
|
# end
|
|
# else
|
|
# if session_authenticated?
|
|
# @current_user = @account.users.find(session[:authenticated][:user_id])
|
|
# else
|
|
# redirect_to(login_url) and return false
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
#
|
|
# In your integration tests, you can do something like this:
|
|
#
|
|
# def test_access_granted_from_xml
|
|
# authorization = ActionController::HttpAuthentication::Token.encode_credentials(users(:dhh).token)
|
|
#
|
|
# get "/notes/1.xml", headers: { 'HTTP_AUTHORIZATION' => authorization }
|
|
#
|
|
# assert_equal 200, status
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
#
|
|
# On shared hosts, Apache sometimes doesn't pass authentication headers to
|
|
# FCGI instances. If your environment matches this description and you cannot
|
|
# authenticate, try this rule in your Apache setup:
|
|
#
|
|
# RewriteRule ^(.*)$ dispatch.fcgi [E=X-HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization},QSA,L]
|
|
module Token
|
|
TOKEN_KEY = "token="
|
|
TOKEN_REGEX = /^(Token|Bearer)\s+/
|
|
AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS = /(?:,|;|\t)/
|
|
extend self
|
|
|
|
module ControllerMethods
|
|
def authenticate_or_request_with_http_token(realm = "Application", message = nil, &login_procedure)
|
|
authenticate_with_http_token(&login_procedure) || request_http_token_authentication(realm, message)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def authenticate_with_http_token(&login_procedure)
|
|
Token.authenticate(self, &login_procedure)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def request_http_token_authentication(realm = "Application", message = nil)
|
|
Token.authentication_request(self, realm, message)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# If token Authorization header is present, call the login
|
|
# procedure with the present token and options.
|
|
#
|
|
# [controller]
|
|
# ActionController::Base instance for the current request.
|
|
#
|
|
# [login_procedure]
|
|
# Proc to call if a token is present. The Proc should take two arguments:
|
|
#
|
|
# authenticate(controller) { |token, options| ... }
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns the return value of <tt>login_procedure</tt> if a
|
|
# token is found. Returns <tt>nil</tt> if no token is found.
|
|
|
|
def authenticate(controller, &login_procedure)
|
|
token, options = token_and_options(controller.request)
|
|
unless token.blank?
|
|
login_procedure.call(token, options)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Parses the token and options out of the token Authorization header.
|
|
# The value for the Authorization header is expected to have the prefix
|
|
# <tt>"Token"</tt> or <tt>"Bearer"</tt>. If the header looks like this:
|
|
# Authorization: Token token="abc", nonce="def"
|
|
# Then the returned token is <tt>"abc"</tt>, and the options are
|
|
# <tt>{nonce: "def"}</tt>
|
|
#
|
|
# request - ActionDispatch::Request instance with the current headers.
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns an +Array+ of <tt>[String, Hash]</tt> if a token is present.
|
|
# Returns +nil+ if no token is found.
|
|
def token_and_options(request)
|
|
authorization_request = request.authorization.to_s
|
|
if authorization_request[TOKEN_REGEX]
|
|
params = token_params_from authorization_request
|
|
[params.shift[1], Hash[params].with_indifferent_access]
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def token_params_from(auth)
|
|
rewrite_param_values params_array_from raw_params auth
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Takes raw_params and turns it into an array of parameters.
|
|
def params_array_from(raw_params)
|
|
raw_params.map { |param| param.split %r/=(.+)?/ }
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# This removes the <tt>"</tt> characters wrapping the value.
|
|
def rewrite_param_values(array_params)
|
|
array_params.each { |param| (param[1] || +"").gsub! %r/^"|"$/, "" }
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# This method takes an authorization body and splits up the key-value
|
|
# pairs by the standardized <tt>:</tt>, <tt>;</tt>, or <tt>\t</tt>
|
|
# delimiters defined in +AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS+.
|
|
def raw_params(auth)
|
|
_raw_params = auth.sub(TOKEN_REGEX, "").split(/\s*#{AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS}\s*/)
|
|
|
|
if !_raw_params.first&.start_with?(TOKEN_KEY)
|
|
_raw_params[0] = "#{TOKEN_KEY}#{_raw_params.first}"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
_raw_params
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Encodes the given token and options into an Authorization header value.
|
|
#
|
|
# token - String token.
|
|
# options - optional Hash of the options.
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns String.
|
|
def encode_credentials(token, options = {})
|
|
values = ["#{TOKEN_KEY}#{token.to_s.inspect}"] + options.map do |key, value|
|
|
"#{key}=#{value.to_s.inspect}"
|
|
end
|
|
"Token #{values * ", "}"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets a WWW-Authenticate header to let the client know a token is desired.
|
|
#
|
|
# controller - ActionController::Base instance for the outgoing response.
|
|
# realm - String realm to use in the header.
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns nothing.
|
|
def authentication_request(controller, realm, message = nil)
|
|
message ||= "HTTP Token: Access denied.\n"
|
|
controller.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] = %(Token realm="#{realm.tr('"', "")}")
|
|
controller.__send__ :render, plain: message, status: :unauthorized
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|