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* Don't depend so much no the message in a NameError * Reset the delivery method properly |
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= Action Mailer -- Easy email delivery and testing Action Mailer is a framework for designing email-service layers. These layers are used to consolidate code for sending out forgotten passwords, welcome wishes on signup, invoices for billing, and any other use case that requires a written notification to either a person or another system. Action Mailer is in essence a wrapper around Action Controller and the Mail gem. It provides a way to make emails using templates in the same way that Action Controller renders views using templates. Additionally, an Action Mailer class can be used to process incoming email, such as allowing a weblog to accept new posts from an email (which could even have been sent from a phone). == Sending emails The framework works by initializing any instance variables you want to be available in the email template, followed by a call to +mail+ to deliver the email. This can be as simple as: class Notifier < ActionMailer::Base delivers_from 'system@loudthinking.com' def welcome(recipient) @recipient = recipient mail(:to => recipient, :subject => "[Signed up] Welcome #{recipient}") end end The body of the email is created by using an Action View template (regular ERb) that has the instance variables that are declared in the mailer action. So the corresponding body template for the method above could look like this: Hello there, Mr. <%= @recipient %> Thank you for signing up! And if the recipient was given as "david@loudthinking.com", the email generated would look like this: Date: Mon, 25 Jan 2010 22:48:09 +1100 From: system@loudthinking.com To: david@loudthinking.com Message-ID: <4b5d84f9dd6a5_7380800b81ac29578@void.loudthinking.com.mail> Subject: [Signed up] Welcome david@loudthinking.com Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"; Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello there, Mr. david@loudthinking.com In previous version of rails you would call <tt>create_method_name</tt> and <tt>deliver_method_name</tt>. Rails 3.0 has a much simpler interface, you simply call the method and optionally call +deliver+ on the return value. Calling the method returns a Mail Message object: message = Notifier.welcome #=> Returns a Mail::Message object message.deliver #=> delivers the email Or you can just chain the methods together like: Notifier.welcome.deliver # Creates the email and sends it immediately == Receiving emails To receive emails, you need to implement a public instance method called receive that takes a tmail object as its single parameter. The Action Mailer framework has a corresponding class method, which is also called receive, that accepts a raw, unprocessed email as a string, which it then turns into the tmail object and calls the receive instance method. Example: class Mailman < ActionMailer::Base def receive(email) page = Page.find_by_address(email.to.first) page.emails.create( :subject => email.subject, :body => email.body ) if email.has_attachments? for attachment in email.attachments page.attachments.create({ :file => attachment, :description => email.subject }) end end end end This Mailman can be the target for Postfix or other MTAs. In Rails, you would use the runner in the trivial case like this: rails runner 'Mailman.receive(STDIN.read)' However, invoking Rails in the runner for each mail to be received is very resource intensive. A single instance of Rails should be run within a daemon if it is going to be utilized to process more than just a limited number of email. == Configuration The Base class has the full list of configuration options. Here's an example: ActionMailer::Base.smtp_settings = { :address => 'smtp.yourserver.com', # default: localhost :port => '25', # default: 25 :user_name => 'user', :password => 'pass', :authentication => :plain # :plain, :login or :cram_md5 } == Dependencies Action Mailer requires that the Action Pack is either available to be required immediately or is accessible as a GEM. Additionally, Action Mailer requires the Mail gem, http://github.com/mikel/mail == Bundled software * Text::Format 0.63 by Austin Ziegler released under OpenSource Read more on http://www.halostatue.ca/ruby/Text__Format.html == Download The latest version of Action Mailer can be found at * http://rubyforge.org/project/showfiles.php?group_id=361 Documentation can be found at * http://actionmailer.rubyonrails.org == Installation You can install Action Mailer with the following command. % [sudo] ruby install.rb from its distribution directory. == License Action Mailer is released under the MIT license. == Support The Action Mailer homepage is http://www.rubyonrails.org. You can find the Action Mailer RubyForge page at http://rubyforge.org/projects/actionmailer. And as Jim from Rake says: Feel free to submit commits or feature requests. If you send a patch, remember to update the corresponding unit tests. If fact, I prefer new feature to be submitted in the form of new unit tests.