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Ruby on Rails
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Guo Xiang Tan 47e06c988e Reduce calls to stringify_keys. 
Stackprof output truncated.
```
TOTAL    (pct)     SAMPLES    (pct)     FRAME
  23   (4.7%)          12   (2.4%)     Hash#transform_keys
  11   (2.2%)          11   (2.2%)     block in Hash#transform_keys
  30   (6.1%)           7   (1.4%)     Hash#stringify_keys
```

Benchmark Script:
```
begin
  require 'bundler/inline'
rescue LoadError => e
  $stderr.puts 'Bundler version 1.10 or later is required. Please update your Bundler'
  raise e
end

gemfile(true) do
  source 'https://rubygems.org'
  gem 'rails', path: '~/rails' # master against ref "f1f0a3f8d99aef8aacfa81ceac3880dcac03ca06"
  gem 'arel', github: 'rails/arel', branch: 'master'
  gem 'rack', github: 'rack/rack', branch: 'master'
  gem 'sass'
  gem 'sprockets-rails', github: 'rails/sprockets-rails', branch: 'master'
  gem 'sprockets', github: 'rails/sprockets', branch: 'master'
  gem 'pg'
  gem 'benchmark-ips'
end

require 'active_record'
require 'benchmark/ips'

ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection('postgres://postgres@localhost:5432/rubybench')

ActiveRecord::Migration.verbose = false

ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
  create_table :users, force: true do |t|
    t.string :name, :email
    t.timestamps null: false
  end
end

class User < ActiveRecord::Base; end

attributes = {
  name: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.",
  email: "foobar@email.com",
}

1000.times { User.create!(attributes) }

Benchmark.ips(5, 3) do |x|
  x.report('where with hash') { User.where(name: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.") }
  x.report('where with string') { User.where("users.name = ?", "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.") }
  x.compare!
end

key =
  if RUBY_VERSION < '2.2'
    :total_allocated_object
  else
    :total_allocated_objects
  end

before = GC.stat[key]
User.where(name: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.")
after = GC.stat[key]
puts "Total Allocated Object: #{after - before}"
```

Before:
```
Calculating -------------------------------------
     where with hash     2.796k i/100ms
   where with string     4.338k i/100ms
-------------------------------------------------
     where with hash     29.177k (± 1.5%) i/s -    148.188k
   where with string     47.419k (± 2.8%) i/s -    238.590k

Comparison:
   where with string:    47419.0 i/s
     where with hash:    29176.6 i/s - 1.63x slower

Total Allocated Object: 85
```

After:
```
Calculating -------------------------------------
     where with hash     2.895k i/100ms
   where with string     4.416k i/100ms
-------------------------------------------------
     where with hash     30.758k (± 2.0%) i/s -    156.330k
   where with string     47.708k (± 2.6%) i/s -    238.464k

Comparison:
   where with string:    47707.9 i/s
     where with hash:    30757.7 i/s - 1.55x slower

Total Allocated Object: 84
```
2015-09-07 12:39:16 +08:00
actionmailer Removed duplicate requiring minitest/mock as it is already required in method_call_assertions 2015-08-26 19:43:54 +05:30
actionpack Remove mocha from ActionPack tests 2015-09-05 16:58:40 +02:00
actionview Use ERB::Utils to percent encode hfvalue parts of mailto 2015-09-05 10:59:46 -07:00
activejob Silence callback deprecation warning if testing AJ 2015-08-31 00:30:53 -07:00
activemodel Removed unused config file 2015-09-03 08:40:03 +05:30
activerecord Reduce calls to stringify_keys. 2015-09-07 12:39:16 +08:00
activesupport Removed Extra ‘the’ [ci skip] 2015-09-06 14:20:06 +05:30
ci Add the bug report templates to the Travis CI build 2015-06-05 15:29:48 -05:00
guides Removed Extra ‘the’ [ci skip] 2015-09-06 14:20:06 +05:30
railties Include MIT-LICENSE in railties gem 2015-09-01 14:17:10 -04:00
tasks Allow release when CHANGELOG is changed 2015-08-24 15:07:27 -03:00
tools make it possible to customize the executable inside rereun snippets. 2015-06-13 11:58:43 +02:00
.gitignore Track Gemfile.lock at the repository 2015-02-18 15:14:46 -02:00
.travis.yml Test against the newest stable ruby 2.2.3 2015-08-22 16:19:41 +09:00
.yardopts
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md Move the CoC text to the Rails website 2015-08-21 12:32:59 -07:00
CONTRIBUTING.md Changed 'ask the rubyonrails-talk mailing list.' to 'ask it on the rubyonrails-talk mailing list.' 2015-05-03 16:16:03 +05:30
Gemfile Add master branch to github gems to be able to use local clones 2015-09-01 08:44:32 -03:00
Gemfile.lock stop using deprecated Abstract::ID class 2015-09-04 18:58:49 -07:00
load_paths.rb require "rubygems" is obsolete in Ruby 1.9.3 2012-05-13 14:47:25 +02:00
rails.gemspec Require sprockets-rails >= 2 2015-09-01 09:30:38 -07:00
RAILS_VERSION Start Rails 5 development 🎉 2014-11-28 15:00:06 -02:00
Rakefile Remove activejob integration tests 2014-08-12 10:07:21 +00:00
README.md Fix typo in readme file 2015-09-01 18:33:01 +09:00
RELEASING_RAILS.md Convert Releasing Rails guide to Markdown 2015-08-15 09:21:46 -04:00
version.rb Start Rails 5 development 🎉 2014-11-28 15:00:06 -02:00

README.md

Welcome to Rails

Rails is a web-application framework that includes everything needed to create database-backed web applications according to the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern.

Understanding the MVC pattern is key to understanding Rails. MVC divides your application into three layers, each with a specific responsibility.

The Model layer represents your domain model (such as Account, Product, Person, Post, etc.) and encapsulates the business logic that is specific to your application. In Rails, database-backed model classes are derived from ActiveRecord::Base. Active Record allows you to present the data from database rows as objects and embellish these data objects with business logic methods. You can read more about Active Record in its README. Although most Rails models are backed by a database, models can also be ordinary Ruby classes, or Ruby classes that implement a set of interfaces as provided by the Active Model module. You can read more about Active Model in its README.

The Controller layer is responsible for handling incoming HTTP requests and providing a suitable response. Usually this means returning HTML, but Rails controllers can also generate XML, JSON, PDFs, mobile-specific views, and more. Controllers load and manipulate models, and render view templates in order to generate the appropriate HTTP response. In Rails, incoming requests are routed by Action Dispatch to an appropriate controller, and controller classes are derived from ActionController::Base. Action Dispatch and Action Controller are bundled together in Action Pack. You can read more about Action Pack in its README.

The View layer is composed of "templates" that are responsible for providing appropriate representations of your application's resources. Templates can come in a variety of formats, but most view templates are HTML with embedded Ruby code (ERB files). Views are typically rendered to generate a controller response, or to generate the body of an email. In Rails, View generation is handled by Action View. You can read more about Action View in its README.

Active Record, Action Pack, and Action View can each be used independently outside Rails. In addition to them, Rails also comes with Action Mailer (README), a library to generate and send emails; Active Job (README), a framework for declaring jobs and making them run on a variety of queueing backends; and Active Support (README), a collection of utility classes and standard library extensions that are useful for Rails, and may also be used independently outside Rails.

Getting Started

  1. Install Rails at the command prompt if you haven't yet:

     gem install rails

  2. At the command prompt, create a new Rails application:

     rails new myapp

    where "myapp" is the application name.

  3. Change directory to myapp and start the web server:

     cd myapp
 rails server

    Run with --help or -h for options.

  4. Using a browser, go to http://localhost:3000 and you'll see: "Welcome aboard: You're riding Ruby on Rails!"

  5. Follow the guidelines to start developing your application. You may find the following resources handy:

Contributing

We encourage you to contribute to Ruby on Rails! Please check out the Contributing to Ruby on Rails guide for guidelines about how to proceed. Join us!

Everyone interacting in Rails and its sub-projects' codebases, issue trackers, chat rooms, and mailing lists is expected to follow the Rails code of conduct.

Code Status

Build Status

License

Ruby on Rails is released under the MIT License.