mirror of
https://github.com/rest-client/rest-client.git
synced 2022-11-09 13:49:40 -05:00
325 lines
10 KiB
Text
325 lines
10 KiB
Text
= REST Client -- simple DSL for accessing HTTP and REST resources
|
|
|
|
Build status: {<img src="https://travis-ci.org/rest-client/rest-client.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status" />}[https://travis-ci.org/rest-client/rest-client]
|
|
|
|
A simple HTTP and REST client for Ruby, inspired by the Sinatra's microframework style
|
|
of specifying actions: get, put, post, delete.
|
|
|
|
* Main page: https://github.com/rest-client/rest-client
|
|
* Mailing list: rest.client@librelist.com (send a mail to subscribe).
|
|
|
|
== Requirements
|
|
|
|
MRI Ruby 1.9.3 and newer are supported. Alternative interpreters compatible with
|
|
1.9+ should work as well.
|
|
|
|
Earlier Ruby versions such as 1.8.7 and 1.9.2 are no longer supported. These
|
|
versions are no longer have any official support, and do not receive security
|
|
updates.
|
|
|
|
* http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2013/06/30/we-retire-1-8-7/
|
|
* https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2013/12/17/maintenance-of-1-8-7-and-1-9-2/
|
|
|
|
The rest-client gem depends on these other gems for installation and usage:
|
|
|
|
* {mime-types}[http://rubygems.org/gems/mime-types]
|
|
* {netrc}[http://rubygems.org/gems/netrc]
|
|
* {rdoc}[http://rubygems.org/gems/rdoc]
|
|
|
|
If you want to hack on the code, you should also have {the Bundler
|
|
gem}[http://bundler.io/] installed so it can manage all necessary development
|
|
dependencies for you.
|
|
|
|
== Usage: Raw URL
|
|
|
|
require 'rest_client'
|
|
|
|
RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource'
|
|
|
|
RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource', {:params => {:id => 50, 'foo' => 'bar'}}
|
|
|
|
RestClient.get 'https://user:password@example.com/private/resource', {:accept => :json}
|
|
|
|
RestClient.post 'http://example.com/resource', :param1 => 'one', :nested => { :param2 => 'two' }
|
|
|
|
RestClient.post "http://example.com/resource", { 'x' => 1 }.to_json, :content_type => :json, :accept => :json
|
|
|
|
RestClient.delete 'http://example.com/resource'
|
|
|
|
response = RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource'
|
|
response.code
|
|
➔ 200
|
|
response.cookies
|
|
➔ {"Foo"=>"BAR", "QUUX"=>"QUUUUX"}
|
|
response.headers
|
|
➔ {:content_type=>"text/html; charset=utf-8", :cache_control=>"private" ...
|
|
response.to_str
|
|
➔ \n<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\"\n \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd\">\n\n<html ....
|
|
|
|
RestClient.post( url,
|
|
{
|
|
:transfer => {
|
|
:path => '/foo/bar',
|
|
:owner => 'that_guy',
|
|
:group => 'those_guys'
|
|
},
|
|
:upload => {
|
|
:file => File.new(path, 'rb')
|
|
}
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
== Multipart
|
|
|
|
Yeah, that's right! This does multipart sends for you!
|
|
|
|
RestClient.post '/data', :myfile => File.new("/path/to/image.jpg", 'rb')
|
|
|
|
This does two things for you:
|
|
|
|
* Auto-detects that you have a File value sends it as multipart
|
|
* Auto-detects the mime of the file and sets it in the HEAD of the payload for each entry
|
|
|
|
If you are sending params that do not contain a File object but the payload needs to be multipart then:
|
|
|
|
RestClient.post '/data', {:foo => 'bar', :multipart => true}
|
|
|
|
== Usage: ActiveResource-Style
|
|
|
|
resource = RestClient::Resource.new 'http://example.com/resource'
|
|
resource.get
|
|
|
|
private_resource = RestClient::Resource.new 'https://example.com/private/resource', 'user', 'pass'
|
|
private_resource.put File.read('pic.jpg'), :content_type => 'image/jpg'
|
|
|
|
See RestClient::Resource module docs for details.
|
|
|
|
== Usage: Resource Nesting
|
|
|
|
site = RestClient::Resource.new('http://example.com')
|
|
site['posts/1/comments'].post 'Good article.', :content_type => 'text/plain'
|
|
|
|
See RestClient::Resource docs for details.
|
|
|
|
== Exceptions (see http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html)
|
|
|
|
* for result codes between 200 and 207, a RestClient::Response will be returned
|
|
* for result codes 301, 302 or 307, the redirection will be followed if the request is a GET or a HEAD
|
|
* for result code 303, the redirection will be followed and the request transformed into a GET
|
|
* for other cases, a RestClient::Exception holding the Response will be raised; a specific exception class will be thrown for known error codes
|
|
|
|
RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource'
|
|
➔ RestClient::ResourceNotFound: RestClient::ResourceNotFound
|
|
|
|
begin
|
|
RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource'
|
|
rescue => e
|
|
e.response
|
|
end
|
|
➔ 404 Resource Not Found | text/html 282 bytes
|
|
|
|
== Result handling
|
|
|
|
A block can be passed to the RestClient method. This block will then be called with the Response.
|
|
Response.return! can be called to invoke the default response's behavior.
|
|
|
|
# Don't raise exceptions but return the response
|
|
RestClient.get('http://example.com/resource'){|response, request, result| response }
|
|
➔ 404 Resource Not Found | text/html 282 bytes
|
|
|
|
# Manage a specific error code
|
|
RestClient.get('http://my-rest-service.com/resource'){ |response, request, result, &block|
|
|
case response.code
|
|
when 200
|
|
p "It worked !"
|
|
response
|
|
when 423
|
|
raise SomeCustomExceptionIfYouWant
|
|
else
|
|
response.return!(request, result, &block)
|
|
end
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# Follow redirections for all request types and not only for get and head
|
|
# RFC : "If the 301, 302 or 307 status code is received in response to a request other than GET or HEAD,
|
|
# the user agent MUST NOT automatically redirect the request unless it can be confirmed by the user,
|
|
# since this might change the conditions under which the request was issued."
|
|
RestClient.get('http://my-rest-service.com/resource'){ |response, request, result, &block|
|
|
if [301, 302, 307].include? response.code
|
|
response.follow_redirection(request, result, &block)
|
|
else
|
|
response.return!(request, result, &block)
|
|
end
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
== Non-normalized URIs
|
|
|
|
If you need to normalize URIs, e.g. to work with International Resource Identifiers (IRIs),
|
|
use the addressable gem (http://addressable.rubyforge.org/api/) in your code:
|
|
|
|
require 'addressable/uri'
|
|
RestClient.get(Addressable::URI.parse("http://www.詹姆斯.com/").normalize.to_str)
|
|
|
|
== Lower-level access
|
|
|
|
For cases not covered by the general API, you can use the RestClient::Request class, which provides a lower-level API.
|
|
|
|
You can:
|
|
|
|
* specify ssl parameters
|
|
* override cookies
|
|
* manually handle the response (e.g. to operate on it as a stream rather than reading it all into memory)
|
|
|
|
See RestClient::Request's documentation for more information.
|
|
|
|
== Shell
|
|
|
|
The restclient shell command gives an IRB session with RestClient already loaded:
|
|
|
|
$ restclient
|
|
>> RestClient.get 'http://example.com'
|
|
|
|
Specify a URL argument for get/post/put/delete on that resource:
|
|
|
|
$ restclient http://example.com
|
|
>> put '/resource', 'data'
|
|
|
|
Add a user and password for authenticated resources:
|
|
|
|
$ restclient https://example.com user pass
|
|
>> delete '/private/resource'
|
|
|
|
Create ~/.restclient for named sessions:
|
|
|
|
sinatra:
|
|
url: http://localhost:4567
|
|
rack:
|
|
url: http://localhost:9292
|
|
private_site:
|
|
url: http://example.com
|
|
username: user
|
|
password: pass
|
|
|
|
Then invoke:
|
|
|
|
$ restclient private_site
|
|
|
|
Use as a one-off, curl-style:
|
|
|
|
$ restclient get http://example.com/resource > output_body
|
|
|
|
$ restclient put http://example.com/resource < input_body
|
|
|
|
== Logging
|
|
|
|
To enable logging you can:
|
|
|
|
* set RestClient.log with a Ruby Logger, or
|
|
* set an environment variable to avoid modifying the code (in this case you can use a file name, "stdout" or "stderr"):
|
|
|
|
$ RESTCLIENT_LOG=stdout path/to/my/program
|
|
|
|
Either produces logs like this:
|
|
|
|
RestClient.get "http://some/resource"
|
|
# => 200 OK | text/html 250 bytes
|
|
RestClient.put "http://some/resource", "payload"
|
|
# => 401 Unauthorized | application/xml 340 bytes
|
|
|
|
Note that these logs are valid Ruby, so you can paste them into the restclient
|
|
shell or a script to replay your sequence of rest calls.
|
|
|
|
== Proxy
|
|
|
|
All calls to RestClient, including Resources, will use the proxy specified by
|
|
RestClient.proxy:
|
|
|
|
RestClient.proxy = "http://proxy.example.com/"
|
|
RestClient.get "http://some/resource"
|
|
# => response from some/resource as proxied through proxy.example.com
|
|
|
|
Often the proxy URL is set in an environment variable, so you can do this to
|
|
use whatever proxy the system is configured to use:
|
|
|
|
RestClient.proxy = ENV['http_proxy']
|
|
|
|
== Query parameters
|
|
|
|
Request objects know about query parameters and will automatically add them to
|
|
the URL for GET, HEAD and DELETE requests, escaping the keys and values as needed:
|
|
|
|
RestClient.get 'http://example.com/resource', :params => {:foo => 'bar', :baz => 'qux'}
|
|
# will GET http://example.com/resource?foo=bar&baz=qux
|
|
|
|
== Cookies
|
|
|
|
Request and Response objects know about HTTP cookies, and will automatically
|
|
extract and set headers for them as needed:
|
|
|
|
response = RestClient.get 'http://example.com/action_which_sets_session_id'
|
|
response.cookies
|
|
# => {"_applicatioN_session_id" => "1234"}
|
|
|
|
response2 = RestClient.post(
|
|
'http://localhost:3000/',
|
|
{:param1 => "foo"},
|
|
{:cookies => {:session_id => "1234"}}
|
|
)
|
|
# ...response body
|
|
|
|
== SSL Client Certificates
|
|
|
|
RestClient::Resource.new(
|
|
'https://example.com',
|
|
:ssl_client_cert => OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new(File.read("cert.pem")),
|
|
:ssl_client_key => OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(File.read("key.pem"), "passphrase, if any"),
|
|
:ssl_ca_file => "ca_certificate.pem",
|
|
:verify_ssl => OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER
|
|
).get
|
|
|
|
Self-signed certificates can be generated with the openssl command-line tool.
|
|
|
|
== Hook
|
|
|
|
RestClient.add_before_execution_proc add a Proc to be called before each execution.
|
|
It's handy if you need direct access to the HTTP request.
|
|
|
|
Example:
|
|
|
|
# Add oauth support using the oauth gem
|
|
require 'oauth'
|
|
access_token = ...
|
|
|
|
RestClient.add_before_execution_proc do |req, params|
|
|
access_token.sign! req
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
RestClient.get 'http://example.com'
|
|
|
|
== More
|
|
|
|
Need caching, more advanced logging or any ability provided by Rack middleware?
|
|
|
|
Have a look at rest-client-components: http://github.com/crohr/rest-client-components
|
|
|
|
== Credits
|
|
|
|
REST Client Team:: Matthew Manning, Lawrence Leonard Gilbert, Andy Brody
|
|
|
|
Creator:: Adam Wiggins
|
|
|
|
Maintainer Emeritus:: Julien Kirch
|
|
|
|
Major contributions:: Blake Mizerany, Julien Kirch
|
|
|
|
Patches contributed by many, including Chris Anderson, Greg Borenstein, Ardekantur, Pedro Belo, Rafael Souza, Rick Olson, Aman Gupta, François Beausoleil and Nick Plante.
|
|
|
|
== Legal
|
|
|
|
Released under the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
|
|
|
|
"Master Shake" photo (http://www.flickr.com/photos/solgrundy/924205581/) by
|
|
"SolGrundy"; used under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0
|
|
Generic license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/)
|
|
|
|
Code for reading Windows root certificate store derived from work by Puppet;
|
|
used under terms of the Apache License, Version 2.0.
|