2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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# NEWS for Ruby 2.8.0 (tentative; to be 3.0.0)
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2020-02-16 15:00:34 -05:00
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This document is a list of user visible feature changes
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since the **2.7.0** release, except for bug fixes.
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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Note that each entry is kept so brief that no reason behind or reference
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information is supplied with. For a full list of changes with all
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sufficient information, see the ChangeLog file or Redmine
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(e.g. `https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/$FEATURE_OR_BUG_NUMBER`).
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2020-01-18 03:46:52 -05:00
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## Language changes
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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* Keyword arguments are now separated from positional arguments.
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Code that resulted in deprecation warnings in Ruby 2.7 will now
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result in ArgumentError or different behavior. [[Feature #14183]]
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2020-06-18 11:47:02 -04:00
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* Arguments forwarding (`...`) now supports leading arguments.
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[[Feature #16378]]
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```ruby
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def method_missing(meth, ...)
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send(:"do_#{meth}", ...)
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end
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```
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2020-03-09 11:11:13 -04:00
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* Procs accepting a single rest argument and keywords are no longer
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subject to autosplatting. This now matches the behavior of Procs
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accepting a single rest argument and no keywords.
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[[Feature #16166]]
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2020-03-09 23:44:33 -04:00
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```ruby
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2020-03-09 11:11:13 -04:00
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pr = proc{|*a, **kw| [a, kw]}
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pr.call([1])
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# 2.7 => [[1], {}]
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# 3.0 => [[[1]], {}]
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pr.call([1, {a: 1}])
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# 2.7 => [[1], {:a=>1}] # and deprecation warning
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# 3.0 => [[[1, {:a=>1}]], {}]
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2020-03-09 23:44:33 -04:00
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```
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2020-03-09 11:11:13 -04:00
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2020-02-16 15:00:49 -05:00
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* $SAFE is now a normal global variable with no special behavior.
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2020-06-18 11:47:02 -04:00
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C-API methods related to $SAFE have been removed.
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2020-02-16 15:00:49 -05:00
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[[Feature #16131]]
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2020-01-17 14:36:52 -05:00
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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* yield in singleton class definitions in methods is now a SyntaxError
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instead of a warning. yield in a class definition outside of a method
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is now a SyntaxError instead of a LocalJumpError. [[Feature #15575]]
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2020-02-11 14:56:34 -05:00
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2020-06-13 20:24:36 -04:00
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* Find pattern is added. [[Feature #16828]]
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```ruby
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case ["a", 1, "b", "c", 2, "d", "e", "f", 3]
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in [*pre, String => x, String => y, *post]
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p pre #=> ["a", 1]
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p x #=> "b"
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p y #=> "c"
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p post #=> [2, "d", "e", "f", 3]
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end
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```
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2020-06-18 11:47:02 -04:00
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* When a class variable is overtaken by the same definition in an
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ancestor class/module, a RuntimeError is now raised (previously,
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it only issued a warning in verbose mode. Additionally, accessing a
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class variable from the toplevel scope is now a RuntimeError.
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[[Bug #14541]]
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2020-04-10 04:28:02 -04:00
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* Rightward assignment statement is added. [EXPERIMENTAL]
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[[Feature #15921]]
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2019-06-11 09:57:33 -04:00
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```ruby
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fib(10) => x
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```
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2020-04-01 10:58:02 -04:00
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* Endless method definition is added. [EXPERIMENTAL]
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[[Feature #16746]]
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```ruby
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def square(x) = x * x
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```
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2020-01-18 03:46:52 -05:00
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## Command line options
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-02-03 19:47:58 -05:00
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### `--help` option
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When the environment variable `RUBY_PAGER` or `PAGER` is present and has
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non-empty value, and the standard input and output are tty, `--help`
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option shows the help message via the pager designated by the value.
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[[Feature #16754]]
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2020-03-03 03:37:51 -05:00
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## Core classes updates
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Outstanding ones only.
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-01-17 10:21:11 -05:00
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* Dir
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* Modified method
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* Dir.glob and Dir.[] now sort the results by default, and
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accept `sort:` keyword option. [[Feature #8709]]
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2020-06-18 10:00:59 -04:00
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* ENV
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* New method
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* ENV.except, which returns a hash excluding the given keys
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and their values. [[Feature #15822]]
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2020-01-18 03:23:20 -05:00
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* Hash
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-01-18 03:23:20 -05:00
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* Modified method
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-01-18 03:23:20 -05:00
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* Hash#transform_keys now accepts a hash that maps keys to new
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2020-01-18 03:43:07 -05:00
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keys. [[Feature #16274]]
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-06-18 10:00:59 -04:00
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* New method
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* Hash#except, which returns a hash excluding the given keys
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and their values. [[Feature #15822]]
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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* Kernel
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* Modified method
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2020-02-28 23:24:29 -05:00
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* Kernel#clone when called with `freeze: false` keyword will call
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#initialize_clone with the `freeze: false` keyword.
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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[[Bug #14266]]
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2020-06-18 11:47:02 -04:00
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* Kernel#clone when called with `freeze: true` keyword will call
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#initialize_clone with the `freeze: true` keyword, and will
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return a frozen copy even if the receiver is unfrozen.
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[[Feature #16175]]
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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* Kernel#eval when called with two arguments will use "(eval)"
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2020-02-28 23:24:29 -05:00
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for `__FILE__` and 1 for `__LINE__` in the evaluated code.
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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[[Bug #4352]]
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2020-06-18 11:47:02 -04:00
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* Kernel#lambda now warns if called without a literal block.
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[[Feature #15973]]
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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* Module
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* Modified method
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2020-06-18 11:47:02 -04:00
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* Module#include and #prepend now affect classes and modules that
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have already included or prepended the receiver, mirroring the
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behavior if the arguments were included in the receiver before
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the other modules and classes included or prepended the receiver.
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[[Feature #9573]]
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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2019-11-27 22:18:17 -05:00
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* Symbol
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* Modified method
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* Symbol#to_proc now returns a lambda Proc.
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[[Feature #16260]]
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2020-03-03 03:37:51 -05:00
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## Stdlib updates
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Outstanding ones only.
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-05-25 02:20:39 -04:00
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* RubyGems
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* Update to RubyGems 3.2.0.pre1
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* Bundler
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* Update to Bundler 2.2.0.dev
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2020-01-24 01:16:13 -05:00
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* Net::HTTP
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* New method
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2020-02-16 15:00:27 -05:00
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* Add Net::HTTP#verify_hostname= and Net::HTTP#verify_hostname
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2020-02-16 15:00:49 -05:00
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to skip hostname verification. [[Feature #16555]]
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2020-01-24 01:16:13 -05:00
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2020-03-11 01:26:22 -04:00
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* Modified method
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* Net::HTTP.get, Net::HTTP.get_response, and Net::HTTP.get_print can
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2020-03-11 01:29:39 -04:00
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take request headers as a Hash in the second argument when the first
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argument is a URI.
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2020-03-11 01:26:22 -04:00
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2020-03-03 03:37:51 -05:00
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## Compatibility issues
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Excluding feature bug fixes.
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-01-18 03:43:07 -05:00
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* Regexp literals are frozen [[Feature #8948]] [[Feature #16377]]
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2020-01-14 22:43:49 -05:00
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2020-01-19 06:55:06 -05:00
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```ruby
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2020-01-18 03:23:20 -05:00
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/foo/.frozen? #=> true
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```
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2020-01-14 22:43:49 -05:00
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2020-02-16 15:00:41 -05:00
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* Bundled gems
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2020-01-16 02:56:53 -05:00
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2020-02-16 15:00:41 -05:00
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* net-telnet and xmlrpc have been removed from the bundled gems.
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If you are interested in maintaining them, please comment on
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your plan to https://github.com/ruby/xmlrpc
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or https://github.com/ruby/net-telnet.
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2020-01-16 02:56:53 -05:00
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2020-03-16 10:03:22 -04:00
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* EXPERIMENTAL: Hash#each consistently yields a 2-element array [[Bug #12706]]
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* Now `{ a: 1 }.each(&->(k, v) { })` raises an ArgumentError
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due to lambda's arity check.
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* This is experimental; if it brings a big incompatibility issue,
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it may be reverted until 2.8/3.0 release.
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2020-04-14 12:25:04 -04:00
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* When writing to STDOUT redirected to a closed pipe, no broken pipe
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error message will be shown now. [[Feature #14413]]
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2020-04-10 20:30:19 -04:00
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2020-04-17 04:49:50 -04:00
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* `TRUE`/`FALSE`/`NIL` constants are no longer defined.
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2020-06-18 08:11:19 -04:00
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* SDBM have been removed from ruby standard library.
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* The issues of sdbm will handle at https://github.com/ruby/sdbm
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2020-06-20 17:55:09 -04:00
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* `Integer#zero?` overrides `Numeric#zero?` for optimization.
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2020-03-03 03:37:51 -05:00
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## Stdlib compatibility issues
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Excluding feature bug fixes.
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-01-18 03:46:52 -05:00
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## C API updates
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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* C API functions related to $SAFE have been removed.
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[[Feature #16131]]
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2020-04-17 04:59:43 -04:00
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* C API header file `ruby/ruby.h` was split. [[GH-2991]] Should have no impact
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2020-04-08 00:28:13 -04:00
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on extension libraries, but users might experience slow compilations.
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2020-01-18 03:46:52 -05:00
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## Implementation improvements
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2020-01-14 22:42:47 -05:00
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Reduce allocations for keyword argument hashes
Previously, passing a keyword splat to a method always allocated
a hash on the caller side, and accepting arbitrary keywords in
a method allocated a separate hash on the callee side. Passing
explicit keywords to a method that accepted a keyword splat
did not allocate a hash on the caller side, but resulted in two
hashes allocated on the callee side.
This commit makes passing a single keyword splat to a method not
allocate a hash on the caller side. Passing multiple keyword
splats or a mix of explicit keywords and a keyword splat still
generates a hash on the caller side. On the callee side,
if arbitrary keywords are not accepted, it does not allocate a
hash. If arbitrary keywords are accepted, it will allocate a
hash, but this commit uses a callinfo flag to indicate whether
the caller already allocated a hash, and if so, the callee can
use the passed hash without duplicating it. So this commit
should make it so that a maximum of a single hash is allocated
during method calls.
To set the callinfo flag appropriately, method call argument
compilation checks if only a single keyword splat is given.
If only one keyword splat is given, the VM_CALL_KW_SPLAT_MUT
callinfo flag is not set, since in that case the keyword
splat is passed directly and not mutable. If more than one
splat is used, a new hash needs to be generated on the caller
side, and in that case the callinfo flag is set, indicating
the keyword splat is mutable by the callee.
In compile_hash, used for both hash and keyword argument
compilation, if compiling keyword arguments and only a
single keyword splat is used, pass the argument directly.
On the caller side, in vm_args.c, the callinfo flag needs to
be recognized and handled. Because the keyword splat
argument may not be a hash, it needs to be converted to a
hash first if not. Then, unless the callinfo flag is set,
the hash needs to be duplicated. The temporary copy of the
callinfo flag, kw_flag, is updated if a hash was duplicated,
to prevent the need to duplicate it again. If we are
converting to a hash or duplicating a hash, we need to update
the argument array, which can including duplicating the
positional splat array if one was passed. CALLER_SETUP_ARG
and a couple other places needs to be modified to handle
similar issues for other types of calls.
This includes fairly comprehensive tests for different ways
keywords are handled internally, checking that you get equal
results but that keyword splats on the caller side result in
distinct objects for keyword rest parameters.
Included are benchmarks for keyword argument calls.
Brief results when compiled without optimization:
def kw(a: 1) a end
def kws(**kw) kw end
h = {a: 1}
kw(a: 1) # about same
kw(**h) # 2.37x faster
kws(a: 1) # 1.30x faster
kws(**h) # 2.19x faster
kw(a: 1, **h) # 1.03x slower
kw(**h, **h) # about same
kws(a: 1, **h) # 1.16x faster
kws(**h, **h) # 1.14x faster
2020-02-24 15:05:07 -05:00
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* The number of hashes allocated when using a keyword splat in
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a method call has been reduced to a maximum of 1, and passing
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a keyword splat to a method that accepts specific keywords
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does not allocate a hash.
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2020-01-18 03:46:52 -05:00
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## Miscellaneous changes
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2020-01-18 03:43:07 -05:00
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2020-02-28 23:24:29 -05:00
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* Methods using `ruby2_keywords` will no longer keep empty keyword
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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splats, those are now removed just as they are for methods not
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2020-02-28 23:24:29 -05:00
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using `ruby2_keywords`.
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2020-02-28 19:12:13 -05:00
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* Taint deprecation warnings are now issued in regular mode in
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addition to verbose warning mode. [[Feature #16131]]
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2020-04-21 06:28:38 -04:00
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* When an exception is caught in the default handler, the error
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message and backtrace are printed in order from the innermost.
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[[Feature #8661]]
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2020-01-18 03:43:07 -05:00
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2020-02-28 22:20:49 -05:00
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[Bug #4352]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/4352
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2020-04-21 06:28:38 -04:00
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[Feature #8661]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/8661
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2020-01-17 10:21:11 -05:00
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[Feature #8709]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/8709
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2020-01-18 03:43:07 -05:00
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[Feature #8948]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/8948
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2020-02-28 22:20:49 -05:00
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[Feature #9573]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/9573
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[Feature #14183]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14183
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[Bug #14266]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14266
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2020-04-10 20:30:19 -04:00
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[Feature #14413]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14413
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2020-02-16 15:00:49 -05:00
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[Feature #15575]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15575
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[Feature #16131]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16131
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2020-03-09 23:43:49 -04:00
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[Feature #16166]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16166
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2019-11-27 22:18:17 -05:00
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[Feature #16260]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16260
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2020-01-18 03:43:07 -05:00
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[Feature #16274]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16274
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[Feature #16377]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16377
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2020-03-18 00:57:03 -04:00
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[Bug #12706]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/12706
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2019-06-11 09:57:33 -04:00
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[Feature #15921]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15921
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2020-02-16 15:00:49 -05:00
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[Feature #16555]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16555
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2020-04-10 08:02:18 -04:00
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[Feature #16746]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16746
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2020-02-03 19:47:58 -05:00
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[Feature #16754]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16754
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2020-04-08 00:28:13 -04:00
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[GH-2991]: https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/2991
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2020-06-18 10:00:59 -04:00
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[Feature #15822]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15822
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2020-06-18 11:58:50 -04:00
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[Feature #16378]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16378
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[Feature #16828]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16828
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[Bug #14541]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/14541
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[Feature #16175]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16175
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[Feature #15973]: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15973
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