diff --git a/io.c b/io.c
index 533542b297..2e4c335aae 100644
--- a/io.c
+++ b/io.c
@@ -12092,9 +12092,8 @@ rb_io_s_copy_stream(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE io)
 static VALUE
 rb_io_external_encoding(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    rb_io_t *fptr = RFILE(rb_io_taint_check(io))->fptr;
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     if (fptr->encs.enc2) {
 	return rb_enc_from_encoding(fptr->encs.enc2);
     }
@@ -12117,9 +12116,8 @@ rb_io_external_encoding(VALUE io)
 static VALUE
 rb_io_internal_encoding(VALUE io)
 {
-    rb_io_t *fptr;
+    rb_io_t *fptr = RFILE(rb_io_taint_check(io))->fptr;
 
-    GetOpenFile(io, fptr);
     if (!fptr->encs.enc2) return Qnil;
     return rb_enc_from_encoding(io_read_encoding(fptr));
 }
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/io/external_encoding_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/io/external_encoding_spec.rb
index c1b727d930..25af11f686 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/io/external_encoding_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/io/external_encoding_spec.rb
@@ -94,8 +94,10 @@ describe "IO#external_encoding" do
     rm_r @name
   end
 
-  it "raises an IOError on closed stream" do
-    -> { IOSpecs.closed_io.external_encoding }.should raise_error(IOError)
+  ruby_version_is '3.1' do
+    it "can be retrieved from a closed stream" do
+      IOSpecs.closed_io.external_encoding.should equal(Encoding.default_external)
+    end
   end
 
   describe "with 'r' mode" do
diff --git a/spec/ruby/core/io/internal_encoding_spec.rb b/spec/ruby/core/io/internal_encoding_spec.rb
index 210e969c7b..c76c9c8508 100644
--- a/spec/ruby/core/io/internal_encoding_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/ruby/core/io/internal_encoding_spec.rb
@@ -113,8 +113,10 @@ describe "IO#internal_encoding" do
     Encoding.default_internal = @internal
   end
 
-  it "raises an IOError on closed stream" do
-    -> { IOSpecs.closed_io.internal_encoding }.should raise_error(IOError)
+  ruby_version_is '3.1' do
+    it "can be retrieved from a closed stream" do
+      IOSpecs.closed_io.internal_encoding.should equal(Encoding.default_internal)
+    end
   end
 
   describe "with 'r' mode" do
diff --git a/test/ruby/test_io.rb b/test/ruby/test_io.rb
index f7240c4cf6..a90140fd0b 100644
--- a/test/ruby/test_io.rb
+++ b/test/ruby/test_io.rb
@@ -3991,6 +3991,18 @@ __END__
     }
   end
 
+  def test_marshal_closed_io
+    bug18077 = '[ruby-core:104927] [Bug #18077]'
+    r, w = IO.pipe
+    r.close; w.close
+    assert_raise(TypeError, bug18077) {Marshal.dump(r)}
+
+    class << r
+      undef_method :closed?
+    end
+    assert_raise(TypeError, bug18077) {Marshal.dump(r)}
+  end
+
   def test_stdout_to_closed_pipe
     EnvUtil.invoke_ruby(["-e", "loop {puts :ok}"], "", true, true) do
       |in_p, out_p, err_p, pid|