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362 lines
9 KiB
Text
362 lines
9 KiB
Text
== Argument Converters
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An option can specify that its argument is to be converted
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from the default \String to an instance of another class.
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=== Contents
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- {Built-In Argument Converters}[#label-Built-In+Argument+Converters]
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- {Date}[#label-Date]
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- {DateTime}[#label-DateTime]
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- {Time}[#label-Time]
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- {URI}[#label-URI]
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- {Shellwords}[#label-Shellwords]
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- {Integer}[#label-Integer]
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- {Float}[#label-Float]
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- {Numeric}[#label-Numeric]
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- {DecimalInteger}[#label-DecimalInteger]
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- {OctalInteger}[#label-OctalInteger]
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- {DecimalNumeric}[#label-DecimalNumeric]
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- {TrueClass}[#label-TrueClass]
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- {FalseClass}[#label-FalseClass]
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- {Object}[#label-Object]
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- {String}[#label-String]
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- {Array}[#label-Array]
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- {Regexp}[#label-Regexp]
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- {Custom Argument Converters}[#label-Custom+Argument+Converters]
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=== Built-In Argument Converters
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\OptionParser has a number of built-in argument converters,
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which are demonstrated below.
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==== \Date
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File +date.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Date object.
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The argument is converted by method Date#parse.
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:include: ruby/date.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby date.rb --date 2001-02-03
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[#<Date: 2001-02-03 ((2451944j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>, Date]
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$ ruby date.rb --date 20010203
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[#<Date: 2001-02-03 ((2451944j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>, Date]
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$ ruby date.rb --date "3rd Feb 2001"
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[#<Date: 2001-02-03 ((2451944j,0s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>, Date]
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==== \DateTime
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File +datetime.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \DateTime object.
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The argument is converted by method DateTime#parse.
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:include: ruby/datetime.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby datetime.rb --datetime 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00
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[#<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ((2451943j,75906s,0n),+25200s,2299161j)>, DateTime]
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$ ruby datetime.rb --datetime 20010203T040506+0700
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[#<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ((2451943j,75906s,0n),+25200s,2299161j)>, DateTime]
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$ ruby datetime.rb --datetime "3rd Feb 2001 04:05:06 PM"
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[#<DateTime: 2001-02-03T16:05:06+00:00 ((2451944j,57906s,0n),+0s,2299161j)>, DateTime]
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==== \Time
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File +time.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Time object.
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The argument is converted by method Time#httpdate or Time#parse.
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:include: ruby/time.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby time.rb --time "Thu, 06 Oct 2011 02:26:12 GMT"
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[2011-10-06 02:26:12 UTC, Time]
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$ ruby time.rb --time 2010-10-31
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[2010-10-31 00:00:00 -0500, Time]
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==== \URI
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File +uri.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \URI object.
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The argument is converted by method URI#parse.
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:include: ruby/uri.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby uri.rb --uri https://github.com
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[#<URI::HTTPS https://github.com>, URI::HTTPS]
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$ ruby uri.rb --uri http://github.com
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[#<URI::HTTP http://github.com>, URI::HTTP]
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$ ruby uri.rb --uri file://~/var
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[#<URI::File file://~/var>, URI::File]
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==== \Shellwords
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File +shellwords.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Array object by method
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Shellwords#shellwords.
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:include: ruby/shellwords.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby shellwords.rb --shellwords "ruby my_prog.rb | less"
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[["ruby", "my_prog.rb", "|", "less"], Array]
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$ ruby shellwords.rb --shellwords "here are 'two words'"
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[["here", "are", "two words"], Array]
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==== \Integer
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File +integer.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Integer object.
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The argument is converted by method Kernel#Integer.
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:include: ruby/integer.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby integer.rb --integer 100
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[100, Integer]
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$ ruby integer.rb --integer -100
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[-100, Integer]
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$ ruby integer.rb --integer 0100
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[64, Integer]
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$ ruby integer.rb --integer 0x100
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[256, Integer]
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$ ruby integer.rb --integer 0b100
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[4, Integer]
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==== \Float
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File +float.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Float object.
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The argument is converted by method Kernel#Float.
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:include: ruby/float.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby float.rb --float 1
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[1.0, Float]
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$ ruby float.rb --float 3.14159
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[3.14159, Float]
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$ ruby float.rb --float 1.234E2
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[123.4, Float]
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$ ruby float.rb --float 1.234E-2
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[0.01234, Float]
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==== \Numeric
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File +numeric.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an instance
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of \Rational, \Float, or \Integer.
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The argument is converted by method Kernel#Rational,
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Kernel#Float, or Kernel#Integer.
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:include: ruby/numeric.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby numeric.rb --numeric 1/3
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[(1/3), Rational]
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$ ruby numeric.rb --numeric 3.333E-1
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[0.3333, Float]
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$ ruby numeric.rb --numeric 3
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[3, Integer]
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==== \DecimalInteger
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File +decimal_integer.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Integer object.
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The argument is converted by method Kernel#Integer.
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:include: ruby/decimal_integer.rb
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The argument may not be in a binary or hexadecimal format;
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a leading zero is ignored (not parsed as octal).
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Executions:
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$ ruby decimal_integer.rb --decimal_integer 100
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[100, Integer]
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$ ruby decimal_integer.rb --decimal_integer -100
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[-100, Integer]
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$ ruby decimal_integer.rb --decimal_integer 0100
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[100, Integer]
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$ ruby decimal_integer.rb --decimal_integer -0100
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[-100, Integer]
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==== \OctalInteger
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File +octal_integer.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Integer object.
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The argument is converted by method Kernel#Integer.
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:include: ruby/octal_integer.rb
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The argument may not be in a binary or hexadecimal format;
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it is parsed as octal, regardless of whether it has a leading zero.
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Executions:
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$ ruby octal_integer.rb --octal_integer 100
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[64, Integer]
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$ ruby octal_integer.rb --octal_integer -100
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[-64, Integer]
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$ ruby octal_integer.rb --octal_integer 0100
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[64, Integer]
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==== \DecimalNumeric
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File +decimal_numeric.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to an \Integer object.
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The argument is converted by method {Kernel#Integer
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:include: ruby/decimal_numeric.rb
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The argument may not be in a binary or hexadecimal format;
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a leading zero causes the argument to be parsed as octal.
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Executions:
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$ ruby decimal_numeric.rb --decimal_numeric 100
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[100, Integer]
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$ ruby decimal_numeric.rb --decimal_numeric -100
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[-100, Integer]
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$ ruby decimal_numeric.rb --decimal_numeric 0100
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[64, Integer]
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==== \TrueClass
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File +true_class.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to +true+ or +false+.
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The argument is evaluated by method Object#nil?.
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:include: ruby/true_class.rb
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The argument may be any of those shown in the examples below.
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Executions:
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$ ruby true_class.rb --true_class true
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[true, TrueClass]
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$ ruby true_class.rb --true_class yes
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[true, TrueClass]
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$ ruby true_class.rb --true_class +
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[true, TrueClass]
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$ ruby true_class.rb --true_class false
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[false, FalseClass]
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$ ruby true_class.rb --true_class no
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[false, FalseClass]
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$ ruby true_class.rb --true_class -
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[false, FalseClass]
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$ ruby true_class.rb --true_class nil
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[false, FalseClass]
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==== \FalseClass
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File +false_class.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to +true+ or +false+.
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The argument is evaluated by method Object#nil?.
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:include: ruby/false_class.rb
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The argument may be any of those shown in the examples below.
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Executions:
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$ ruby false_class.rb --false_class false
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[false, FalseClass]
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$ ruby false_class.rb --false_class no
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[false, FalseClass]
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$ ruby false_class.rb --false_class -
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[false, FalseClass]
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$ ruby false_class.rb --false_class nil
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[false, FalseClass]
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$ ruby false_class.rb --false_class true
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[true, TrueClass]
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$ ruby false_class.rb --false_class yes
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[true, TrueClass]
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$ ruby false_class.rb --false_class +
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[true, TrueClass]
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==== \Object
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File +object.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is not to be converted from \String.
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:include: ruby/object.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby object.rb --object foo
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["foo", String]
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$ ruby object.rb --object nil
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["nil", String]
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==== \String
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File +string.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is not to be converted from \String.
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:include: ruby/string.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby string.rb --string foo
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["foo", String]
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$ ruby string.rb --string nil
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["nil", String]
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==== \Array
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File +array.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted from \String
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to an array of strings, based on comma-separated substrings.
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:include: ruby/array.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby array.rb --array ""
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[[], Array]
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$ ruby array.rb --array foo,bar,baz
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[["foo", "bar", "baz"], Array]
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$ ruby array.rb --array "foo, bar, baz"
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[["foo", " bar", " baz"], Array]
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==== \Regexp
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File +regexp.rb+
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defines an option whose argument is to be converted to a \Regexp object.
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:include: ruby/regexp.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby regexp.rb --regexp foo
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=== Custom Argument Converters
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You can create custom argument converters.
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To create a custom converter, call OptionParser#accept with a class argument,
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along with a block that converts the argument and returns the converted value.
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:include: ruby/custom_converter.rb
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Executions:
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$ ruby custom_converter.rb --complex 0
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[(0+0i), Complex]
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$ ruby custom_converter.rb --complex 1
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[(1+0i), Complex]
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$ ruby custom_converter.rb --complex 1+2i
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[(1+2i), Complex]
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$ ruby custom_converter.rb --complex 0.3-0.5i
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[(0.3-0.5i), Complex]
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