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579 lines
18 KiB
Ruby
579 lines
18 KiB
Ruby
# frozen_string_literal: true
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#--
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# benchmark.rb - a performance benchmarking library
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#
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# $Id$
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#
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# Created by Gotoken (gotoken@notwork.org).
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#
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# Documentation by Gotoken (original RD), Lyle Johnson (RDoc conversion), and
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# Gavin Sinclair (editing).
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#++
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#
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# == Overview
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#
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# The Benchmark module provides methods for benchmarking Ruby code, giving
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# detailed reports on the time taken for each task.
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#
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# The Benchmark module provides methods to measure and report the time
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# used to execute Ruby code.
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#
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# * Measure the time to construct the string given by the expression
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# <code>"a"*1_000_000_000</code>:
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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#
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# puts Benchmark.measure { "a"*1_000_000_000 }
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#
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# On my machine (OSX 10.8.3 on i5 1.7 GHz) this generates:
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#
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# 0.350000 0.400000 0.750000 ( 0.835234)
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#
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# This report shows the user CPU time, system CPU time, the sum of
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# the user and system CPU times, and the elapsed real time. The unit
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# of time is seconds.
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#
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# * Do some experiments sequentially using the #bm method:
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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#
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# n = 5000000
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# Benchmark.bm do |x|
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# x.report { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
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# x.report { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
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# x.report { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
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# end
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#
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# The result:
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#
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# user system total real
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# 1.010000 0.000000 1.010000 ( 1.014479)
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# 1.000000 0.000000 1.000000 ( 0.998261)
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# 0.980000 0.000000 0.980000 ( 0.981335)
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#
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# * Continuing the previous example, put a label in each report:
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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#
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# n = 5000000
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# Benchmark.bm(7) do |x|
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# x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
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# x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
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# x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
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# end
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#
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# The result:
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#
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# user system total real
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# for: 1.010000 0.000000 1.010000 ( 1.015688)
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# times: 1.000000 0.000000 1.000000 ( 1.003611)
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# upto: 1.030000 0.000000 1.030000 ( 1.028098)
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#
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# * The times for some benchmarks depend on the order in which items
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# are run. These differences are due to the cost of memory
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# allocation and garbage collection. To avoid these discrepancies,
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# the #bmbm method is provided. For example, to compare ways to
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# sort an array of floats:
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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#
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# array = (1..1000000).map { rand }
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#
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# Benchmark.bmbm do |x|
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# x.report("sort!") { array.dup.sort! }
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# x.report("sort") { array.dup.sort }
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# end
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#
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# The result:
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#
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# Rehearsal -----------------------------------------
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# sort! 1.490000 0.010000 1.500000 ( 1.490520)
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# sort 1.460000 0.000000 1.460000 ( 1.463025)
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# -------------------------------- total: 2.960000sec
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#
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# user system total real
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# sort! 1.460000 0.000000 1.460000 ( 1.460465)
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# sort 1.450000 0.010000 1.460000 ( 1.448327)
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#
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# * Report statistics of sequential experiments with unique labels,
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# using the #benchmark method:
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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# include Benchmark # we need the CAPTION and FORMAT constants
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#
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# n = 5000000
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# Benchmark.benchmark(CAPTION, 7, FORMAT, ">total:", ">avg:") do |x|
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# tf = x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
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# tt = x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
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# tu = x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
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# [tf+tt+tu, (tf+tt+tu)/3]
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# end
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#
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# The result:
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#
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# user system total real
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# for: 0.950000 0.000000 0.950000 ( 0.952039)
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# times: 0.980000 0.000000 0.980000 ( 0.984938)
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# upto: 0.950000 0.000000 0.950000 ( 0.946787)
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# >total: 2.880000 0.000000 2.880000 ( 2.883764)
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# >avg: 0.960000 0.000000 0.960000 ( 0.961255)
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module Benchmark
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BENCHMARK_VERSION = "2002-04-25" # :nodoc:
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# Invokes the block with a Benchmark::Report object, which
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# may be used to collect and report on the results of individual
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# benchmark tests. Reserves +label_width+ leading spaces for
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# labels on each line. Prints +caption+ at the top of the
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# report, and uses +format+ to format each line.
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# Returns an array of Benchmark::Tms objects.
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#
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# If the block returns an array of
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# Benchmark::Tms objects, these will be used to format
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# additional lines of output. If +labels+ parameter are
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# given, these are used to label these extra lines.
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#
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# _Note_: Other methods provide a simpler interface to this one, and are
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# suitable for nearly all benchmarking requirements. See the examples in
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# Benchmark, and the #bm and #bmbm methods.
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#
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# Example:
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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# include Benchmark # we need the CAPTION and FORMAT constants
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#
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# n = 5000000
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# Benchmark.benchmark(CAPTION, 7, FORMAT, ">total:", ">avg:") do |x|
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# tf = x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
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# tt = x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
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# tu = x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
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# [tf+tt+tu, (tf+tt+tu)/3]
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# end
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#
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# Generates:
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#
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# user system total real
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# for: 0.970000 0.000000 0.970000 ( 0.970493)
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# times: 0.990000 0.000000 0.990000 ( 0.989542)
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# upto: 0.970000 0.000000 0.970000 ( 0.972854)
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# >total: 2.930000 0.000000 2.930000 ( 2.932889)
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# >avg: 0.976667 0.000000 0.976667 ( 0.977630)
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#
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def benchmark(caption = "", label_width = nil, format = nil, *labels) # :yield: report
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sync = STDOUT.sync
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STDOUT.sync = true
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label_width ||= 0
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label_width += 1
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format ||= FORMAT
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print ' '*label_width + caption unless caption.empty?
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report = Report.new(label_width, format)
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results = yield(report)
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Array === results and results.grep(Tms).each {|t|
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print((labels.shift || t.label || "").ljust(label_width), t.format(format))
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}
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report.list
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ensure
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STDOUT.sync = sync unless sync.nil?
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end
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# A simple interface to the #benchmark method, #bm generates sequential
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# reports with labels. +label_width+ and +labels+ parameters have the same
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# meaning as for #benchmark.
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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#
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# n = 5000000
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# Benchmark.bm(7) do |x|
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# x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end }
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# x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end }
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# x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end }
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# end
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#
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# Generates:
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#
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# user system total real
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# for: 0.960000 0.000000 0.960000 ( 0.957966)
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# times: 0.960000 0.000000 0.960000 ( 0.960423)
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# upto: 0.950000 0.000000 0.950000 ( 0.954864)
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#
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def bm(label_width = 0, *labels, &blk) # :yield: report
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benchmark(CAPTION, label_width, FORMAT, *labels, &blk)
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end
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# Sometimes benchmark results are skewed because code executed
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# earlier encounters different garbage collection overheads than
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# that run later. #bmbm attempts to minimize this effect by running
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# the tests twice, the first time as a rehearsal in order to get the
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# runtime environment stable, the second time for
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# real. GC.start is executed before the start of each of
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# the real timings; the cost of this is not included in the
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# timings. In reality, though, there's only so much that #bmbm can
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# do, and the results are not guaranteed to be isolated from garbage
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# collection and other effects.
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#
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# Because #bmbm takes two passes through the tests, it can
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# calculate the required label width.
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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#
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# array = (1..1000000).map { rand }
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#
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# Benchmark.bmbm do |x|
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# x.report("sort!") { array.dup.sort! }
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# x.report("sort") { array.dup.sort }
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# end
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#
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# Generates:
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#
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# Rehearsal -----------------------------------------
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# sort! 1.440000 0.010000 1.450000 ( 1.446833)
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# sort 1.440000 0.000000 1.440000 ( 1.448257)
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# -------------------------------- total: 2.890000sec
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#
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# user system total real
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# sort! 1.460000 0.000000 1.460000 ( 1.458065)
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# sort 1.450000 0.000000 1.450000 ( 1.455963)
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#
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# #bmbm yields a Benchmark::Job object and returns an array of
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# Benchmark::Tms objects.
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#
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def bmbm(width = 0) # :yield: job
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job = Job.new(width)
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yield(job)
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width = job.width + 1
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sync = STDOUT.sync
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STDOUT.sync = true
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# rehearsal
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puts 'Rehearsal '.ljust(width+CAPTION.length,'-')
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ets = job.list.inject(Tms.new) { |sum,(label,item)|
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print label.ljust(width)
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res = Benchmark.measure(&item)
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print res.format
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sum + res
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}.format("total: %tsec")
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print " #{ets}\n\n".rjust(width+CAPTION.length+2,'-')
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# take
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print ' '*width + CAPTION
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job.list.map { |label,item|
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GC.start
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print label.ljust(width)
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Benchmark.measure(label, &item).tap { |res| print res }
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}
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ensure
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STDOUT.sync = sync unless sync.nil?
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end
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#
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# Returns the time used to execute the given block as a
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# Benchmark::Tms object. Takes +label+ option.
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#
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# require 'benchmark'
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#
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# n = 1000000
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#
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# time = Benchmark.measure do
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# n.times { a = "1" }
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# end
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# puts time
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#
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# Generates:
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#
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# 0.220000 0.000000 0.220000 ( 0.227313)
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#
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def measure(label = "") # :yield:
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t0, r0 = Process.times, Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
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yield
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t1, r1 = Process.times, Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
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Benchmark::Tms.new(t1.utime - t0.utime,
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t1.stime - t0.stime,
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t1.cutime - t0.cutime,
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t1.cstime - t0.cstime,
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r1 - r0,
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label)
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end
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#
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# Returns the elapsed real time used to execute the given block.
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#
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def realtime # :yield:
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r0 = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
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yield
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Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - r0
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end
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module_function :benchmark, :measure, :realtime, :bm, :bmbm
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#
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# A Job is a sequence of labelled blocks to be processed by the
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# Benchmark.bmbm method. It is of little direct interest to the user.
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#
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class Job # :nodoc:
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#
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# Returns an initialized Job instance.
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# Usually, one doesn't call this method directly, as new
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# Job objects are created by the #bmbm method.
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# +width+ is a initial value for the label offset used in formatting;
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# the #bmbm method passes its +width+ argument to this constructor.
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#
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def initialize(width)
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@width = width
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@list = []
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end
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#
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# Registers the given label and block pair in the job list.
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#
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def item(label = "", &blk) # :yield:
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raise ArgumentError, "no block" unless block_given?
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label = label.to_s
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w = label.length
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@width = w if @width < w
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@list << [label, blk]
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self
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end
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alias report item
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# An array of 2-element arrays, consisting of label and block pairs.
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attr_reader :list
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# Length of the widest label in the #list.
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attr_reader :width
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end
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#
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# This class is used by the Benchmark.benchmark and Benchmark.bm methods.
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# It is of little direct interest to the user.
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#
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class Report # :nodoc:
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#
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# Returns an initialized Report instance.
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# Usually, one doesn't call this method directly, as new
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# Report objects are created by the #benchmark and #bm methods.
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# +width+ and +format+ are the label offset and
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# format string used by Tms#format.
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#
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def initialize(width = 0, format = nil)
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@width, @format, @list = width, format, []
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end
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#
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# Prints the +label+ and measured time for the block,
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# formatted by +format+. See Tms#format for the
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# formatting rules.
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#
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def item(label = "", *format, &blk) # :yield:
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print label.to_s.ljust(@width)
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@list << res = Benchmark.measure(label, &blk)
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print res.format(@format, *format)
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res
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end
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alias report item
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# An array of Benchmark::Tms objects representing each item.
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attr_reader :list
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end
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#
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# A data object, representing the times associated with a benchmark
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# measurement.
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#
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class Tms
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# Default caption, see also Benchmark::CAPTION
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CAPTION = " user system total real\n"
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# Default format string, see also Benchmark::FORMAT
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FORMAT = "%10.6u %10.6y %10.6t %10.6r\n"
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# User CPU time
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attr_reader :utime
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# System CPU time
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attr_reader :stime
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# User CPU time of children
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attr_reader :cutime
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# System CPU time of children
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attr_reader :cstime
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# Elapsed real time
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attr_reader :real
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# Total time, that is +utime+ + +stime+ + +cutime+ + +cstime+
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attr_reader :total
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# Label
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attr_reader :label
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#
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# Returns an initialized Tms object which has
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# +utime+ as the user CPU time, +stime+ as the system CPU time,
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# +cutime+ as the children's user CPU time, +cstime+ as the children's
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# system CPU time, +real+ as the elapsed real time and +label+ as the label.
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#
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def initialize(utime = 0.0, stime = 0.0, cutime = 0.0, cstime = 0.0, real = 0.0, label = nil)
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@utime, @stime, @cutime, @cstime, @real, @label = utime, stime, cutime, cstime, real, label.to_s
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@total = @utime + @stime + @cutime + @cstime
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end
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#
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# Returns a new Tms object whose times are the sum of the times for this
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# Tms object, plus the time required to execute the code block (+blk+).
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#
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def add(&blk) # :yield:
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self + Benchmark.measure(&blk)
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end
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#
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# An in-place version of #add.
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# Changes the times of this Tms object by making it the sum of the times
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# for this Tms object, plus the time required to execute
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# the code block (+blk+).
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#
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def add!(&blk)
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t = Benchmark.measure(&blk)
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@utime = utime + t.utime
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@stime = stime + t.stime
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@cutime = cutime + t.cutime
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@cstime = cstime + t.cstime
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@real = real + t.real
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self
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end
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#
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# Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise summation
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# of the individual times for this Tms object with those of the +other+
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# Tms object.
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# This method and #/() are useful for taking statistics.
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#
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def +(other); memberwise(:+, other) end
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#
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# Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise subtraction
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# of the individual times for the +other+ Tms object from those of this
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# Tms object.
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#
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def -(other); memberwise(:-, other) end
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#
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# Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise multiplication
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# of the individual times for this Tms object by +x+.
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#
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def *(x); memberwise(:*, x) end
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#
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# Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise division
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# of the individual times for this Tms object by +x+.
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# This method and #+() are useful for taking statistics.
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#
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def /(x); memberwise(:/, x) end
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#
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# Returns the contents of this Tms object as
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# a formatted string, according to a +format+ string
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# like that passed to Kernel.format. In addition, #format
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# accepts the following extensions:
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#
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# <tt>%u</tt>:: Replaced by the user CPU time, as reported by Tms#utime.
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# <tt>%y</tt>:: Replaced by the system CPU time, as reported by #stime (Mnemonic: y of "s*y*stem")
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# <tt>%U</tt>:: Replaced by the children's user CPU time, as reported by Tms#cutime
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# <tt>%Y</tt>:: Replaced by the children's system CPU time, as reported by Tms#cstime
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# <tt>%t</tt>:: Replaced by the total CPU time, as reported by Tms#total
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# <tt>%r</tt>:: Replaced by the elapsed real time, as reported by Tms#real
|
|
# <tt>%n</tt>:: Replaced by the label string, as reported by Tms#label (Mnemonic: n of "*n*ame")
|
|
#
|
|
# If +format+ is not given, FORMAT is used as default value, detailing the
|
|
# user, system and real elapsed time.
|
|
#
|
|
def format(format = nil, *args)
|
|
str = (format || FORMAT).dup
|
|
str.gsub!(/(%[-+.\d]*)n/) { "#{$1}s" % label }
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|
str.gsub!(/(%[-+.\d]*)u/) { "#{$1}f" % utime }
|
|
str.gsub!(/(%[-+.\d]*)y/) { "#{$1}f" % stime }
|
|
str.gsub!(/(%[-+.\d]*)U/) { "#{$1}f" % cutime }
|
|
str.gsub!(/(%[-+.\d]*)Y/) { "#{$1}f" % cstime }
|
|
str.gsub!(/(%[-+.\d]*)t/) { "#{$1}f" % total }
|
|
str.gsub!(/(%[-+.\d]*)r/) { "(#{$1}f)" % real }
|
|
format ? str % args : str
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Same as #format.
|
|
#
|
|
def to_s
|
|
format
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns a new 6-element array, consisting of the
|
|
# label, user CPU time, system CPU time, children's
|
|
# user CPU time, children's system CPU time and elapsed
|
|
# real time.
|
|
#
|
|
def to_a
|
|
[@label, @utime, @stime, @cutime, @cstime, @real]
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns a hash containing the same data as `to_a`.
|
|
#
|
|
def to_h
|
|
{
|
|
label: @label,
|
|
utime: @utime,
|
|
stime: @stime,
|
|
cutime: @cutime,
|
|
cstime: @cstime,
|
|
real: @real
|
|
}
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
protected
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise operation +op+
|
|
# of the individual times for this Tms object with those of the other
|
|
# Tms object (+x+).
|
|
#
|
|
# +op+ can be a mathematical operation such as <tt>+</tt>, <tt>-</tt>,
|
|
# <tt>*</tt>, <tt>/</tt>
|
|
#
|
|
def memberwise(op, x)
|
|
case x
|
|
when Benchmark::Tms
|
|
Benchmark::Tms.new(utime.__send__(op, x.utime),
|
|
stime.__send__(op, x.stime),
|
|
cutime.__send__(op, x.cutime),
|
|
cstime.__send__(op, x.cstime),
|
|
real.__send__(op, x.real)
|
|
)
|
|
else
|
|
Benchmark::Tms.new(utime.__send__(op, x),
|
|
stime.__send__(op, x),
|
|
cutime.__send__(op, x),
|
|
cstime.__send__(op, x),
|
|
real.__send__(op, x)
|
|
)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# The default caption string (heading above the output times).
|
|
CAPTION = Benchmark::Tms::CAPTION
|
|
|
|
# The default format string used to display times. See also Benchmark::Tms#format.
|
|
FORMAT = Benchmark::Tms::FORMAT
|
|
end
|