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1778 lines
65 KiB
Ruby
1778 lines
65 KiB
Ruby
# encoding: US-ASCII
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# frozen_string_literal: true
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# = csv.rb -- CSV Reading and Writing
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#
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# Created by James Edward Gray II on 2005-10-31.
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#
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# See CSV for documentation.
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#
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# == Description
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#
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# Welcome to the new and improved CSV.
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#
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# This version of the CSV library began its life as FasterCSV. FasterCSV was
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# intended as a replacement to Ruby's then standard CSV library. It was
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# designed to address concerns users of that library had and it had three
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# primary goals:
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#
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# 1. Be significantly faster than CSV while remaining a pure Ruby library.
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# 2. Use a smaller and easier to maintain code base. (FasterCSV eventually
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# grew larger, was also but considerably richer in features. The parsing
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# core remains quite small.)
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# 3. Improve on the CSV interface.
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#
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# Obviously, the last one is subjective. I did try to defer to the original
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# interface whenever I didn't have a compelling reason to change it though, so
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# hopefully this won't be too radically different.
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#
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# We must have met our goals because FasterCSV was renamed to CSV and replaced
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# the original library as of Ruby 1.9. If you are migrating code from 1.8 or
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# earlier, you may have to change your code to comply with the new interface.
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#
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# == What's Different From the Old CSV?
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#
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# I'm sure I'll miss something, but I'll try to mention most of the major
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# differences I am aware of, to help others quickly get up to speed:
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#
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# === CSV Parsing
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#
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# * This parser is m17n aware. See CSV for full details.
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# * This library has a stricter parser and will throw MalformedCSVErrors on
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# problematic data.
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# * This library has a less liberal idea of a line ending than CSV. What you
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# set as the <tt>:row_sep</tt> is law. It can auto-detect your line endings
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# though.
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# * The old library returned empty lines as <tt>[nil]</tt>. This library calls
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# them <tt>[]</tt>.
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# * This library has a much faster parser.
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#
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# === Interface
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#
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# * CSV now uses Hash-style parameters to set options.
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# * CSV no longer has generate_row() or parse_row().
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# * The old CSV's Reader and Writer classes have been dropped.
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# * CSV::open() is now more like Ruby's open().
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# * CSV objects now support most standard IO methods.
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# * CSV now has a new() method used to wrap objects like String and IO for
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# reading and writing.
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# * CSV::generate() is different from the old method.
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# * CSV no longer supports partial reads. It works line-by-line.
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# * CSV no longer allows the instance methods to override the separators for
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# performance reasons. They must be set in the constructor.
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#
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# If you use this library and find yourself missing any functionality I have
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# trimmed, please {let me know}[mailto:james@grayproductions.net].
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#
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# == Documentation
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#
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# See CSV for documentation.
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#
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# == What is CSV, really?
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#
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# CSV maintains a pretty strict definition of CSV taken directly from
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# {the RFC}[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4180.txt]. I relax the rules in only one
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# place and that is to make using this library easier. CSV will parse all valid
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# CSV.
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#
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# What you don't want to do is feed CSV invalid data. Because of the way the
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# CSV format works, it's common for a parser to need to read until the end of
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# the file to be sure a field is invalid. This eats a lot of time and memory.
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#
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# Luckily, when working with invalid CSV, Ruby's built-in methods will almost
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# always be superior in every way. For example, parsing non-quoted fields is as
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# easy as:
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#
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# data.split(",")
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#
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# == Questions and/or Comments
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#
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# Feel free to email {James Edward Gray II}[mailto:james@grayproductions.net]
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# with any questions.
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require "forwardable"
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require "English"
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require "date"
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require "stringio"
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require_relative "csv/table"
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require_relative "csv/row"
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# This provides String#match? and Regexp#match? for Ruby 2.3.
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unless String.method_defined?(:match?)
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class CSV
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module MatchP
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refine String do
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def match?(pattern)
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self =~ pattern
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end
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end
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refine Regexp do
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def match?(string)
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self =~ string
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end
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end
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end
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end
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using CSV::MatchP
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end
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#
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# This class provides a complete interface to CSV files and data. It offers
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# tools to enable you to read and write to and from Strings or IO objects, as
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# needed.
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#
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# The most generic interface of a class is:
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#
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# csv = CSV.new(string_or_io, **options)
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#
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# # Reading: IO object should be open for read
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# csv.read # => array of rows
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# # or
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# csv.each do |row|
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# # ...
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# end
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# # or
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# row = csv.shift
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#
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# # Writing: IO object should be open for write
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# csv << row
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#
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# There are several specialized class methods for one-statement reading or writing,
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# described in the Specialized Methods section.
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#
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# If a String passed into ::new, it is internally wrapped into a StringIO object.
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#
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# +options+ can be used for specifying the particular CSV flavor (column
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# separators, row separators, value quoting and so on), and for data conversion,
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# see Data Conversion section for the description of the latter.
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#
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# == Specialized Methods
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#
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# === Reading
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#
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# # From a file: all at once
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# arr_of_rows = CSV.read("path/to/file.csv", **options)
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# # iterator-style:
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# CSV.foreach("path/to/file.csv", **options) do |row|
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# # ...
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# end
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#
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# # From a string
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# arr_of_rows = CSV.parse("CSV,data,String", **options)
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# # or
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# CSV.parse("CSV,data,String", **options) do |row|
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# # ...
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# end
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#
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# === Writing
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#
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# # To a file
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# CSV.open("path/to/file.csv", "wb") do |csv|
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# csv << ["row", "of", "CSV", "data"]
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# csv << ["another", "row"]
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# # ...
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# end
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#
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# # To a String
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# csv_string = CSV.generate do |csv|
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# csv << ["row", "of", "CSV", "data"]
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# csv << ["another", "row"]
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# # ...
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# end
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#
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# === Shortcuts
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#
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# # Core extensions for converting one line
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# csv_string = ["CSV", "data"].to_csv # to CSV
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# csv_array = "CSV,String".parse_csv # from CSV
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#
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# # CSV() method
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# CSV { |csv_out| csv_out << %w{my data here} } # to $stdout
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# CSV(csv = "") { |csv_str| csv_str << %w{my data here} } # to a String
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# CSV($stderr) { |csv_err| csv_err << %w{my data here} } # to $stderr
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# CSV($stdin) { |csv_in| csv_in.each { |row| p row } } # from $stdin
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#
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# == Data Conversion
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#
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# === CSV with headers
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#
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# CSV allows to specify column names of CSV file, whether they are in data, or
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# provided separately. If headers specified, reading methods return an instance
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# of CSV::Table, consisting of CSV::Row.
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#
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# # Headers are part of data
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# data = CSV.parse(<<~ROWS, headers: true)
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# Name,Department,Salary
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# Bob,Engeneering,1000
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# Jane,Sales,2000
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# John,Management,5000
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# ROWS
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#
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# data.class #=> CSV::Table
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# data.first #=> #<CSV::Row "Name":"Bob" "Department":"Engeneering" "Salary":"1000">
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# data.first.to_h #=> {"Name"=>"Bob", "Department"=>"Engeneering", "Salary"=>"1000"}
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#
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# # Headers provided by developer
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# data = CSV.parse('Bob,Engeneering,1000', headers: %i[name department salary])
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# data.first #=> #<CSV::Row name:"Bob" department:"Engeneering" salary:"1000">
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#
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# === Typed data reading
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#
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# CSV allows to provide a set of data _converters_ e.g. transformations to try on input
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# data. Converter could be a symbol from CSV::Converters constant's keys, or lambda.
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#
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# # Without any converters:
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# CSV.parse('Bob,2018-03-01,100')
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# #=> [["Bob", "2018-03-01", "100"]]
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#
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# # With built-in converters:
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# CSV.parse('Bob,2018-03-01,100', converters: %i[numeric date])
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# #=> [["Bob", #<Date: 2018-03-01>, 100]]
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#
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# # With custom converters:
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# CSV.parse('Bob,2018-03-01,100', converters: [->(v) { Time.parse(v) rescue v }])
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# #=> [["Bob", 2018-03-01 00:00:00 +0200, "100"]]
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#
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# == CSV and Character Encodings (M17n or Multilingualization)
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#
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# This new CSV parser is m17n savvy. The parser works in the Encoding of the IO
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# or String object being read from or written to. Your data is never transcoded
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# (unless you ask Ruby to transcode it for you) and will literally be parsed in
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# the Encoding it is in. Thus CSV will return Arrays or Rows of Strings in the
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# Encoding of your data. This is accomplished by transcoding the parser itself
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# into your Encoding.
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#
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# Some transcoding must take place, of course, to accomplish this multiencoding
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# support. For example, <tt>:col_sep</tt>, <tt>:row_sep</tt>, and
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# <tt>:quote_char</tt> must be transcoded to match your data. Hopefully this
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# makes the entire process feel transparent, since CSV's defaults should just
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# magically work for your data. However, you can set these values manually in
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# the target Encoding to avoid the translation.
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#
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# It's also important to note that while all of CSV's core parser is now
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# Encoding agnostic, some features are not. For example, the built-in
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# converters will try to transcode data to UTF-8 before making conversions.
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# Again, you can provide custom converters that are aware of your Encodings to
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# avoid this translation. It's just too hard for me to support native
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# conversions in all of Ruby's Encodings.
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#
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# Anyway, the practical side of this is simple: make sure IO and String objects
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# passed into CSV have the proper Encoding set and everything should just work.
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# CSV methods that allow you to open IO objects (CSV::foreach(), CSV::open(),
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# CSV::read(), and CSV::readlines()) do allow you to specify the Encoding.
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#
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# One minor exception comes when generating CSV into a String with an Encoding
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# that is not ASCII compatible. There's no existing data for CSV to use to
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# prepare itself and thus you will probably need to manually specify the desired
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# Encoding for most of those cases. It will try to guess using the fields in a
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# row of output though, when using CSV::generate_line() or Array#to_csv().
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#
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# I try to point out any other Encoding issues in the documentation of methods
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# as they come up.
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#
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# This has been tested to the best of my ability with all non-"dummy" Encodings
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# Ruby ships with. However, it is brave new code and may have some bugs.
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# Please feel free to {report}[mailto:james@grayproductions.net] any issues you
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# find with it.
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#
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class CSV
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# The error thrown when the parser encounters illegal CSV formatting.
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class MalformedCSVError < RuntimeError
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attr_reader :line_number
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alias_method :lineno, :line_number
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def initialize(message, line_number)
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@line_number = line_number
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super("#{message} in line #{line_number}.")
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end
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end
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#
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# A FieldInfo Struct contains details about a field's position in the data
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# source it was read from. CSV will pass this Struct to some blocks that make
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# decisions based on field structure. See CSV.convert_fields() for an
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# example.
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#
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# <b><tt>index</tt></b>:: The zero-based index of the field in its row.
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# <b><tt>line</tt></b>:: The line of the data source this row is from.
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# <b><tt>header</tt></b>:: The header for the column, when available.
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#
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FieldInfo = Struct.new(:index, :line, :header)
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# A Regexp used to find and convert some common Date formats.
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DateMatcher = / \A(?: (\w+,?\s+)?\w+\s+\d{1,2},?\s+\d{2,4} |
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\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} )\z /x
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# A Regexp used to find and convert some common DateTime formats.
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DateTimeMatcher =
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/ \A(?: (\w+,?\s+)?\w+\s+\d{1,2}\s+\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}:\d{1,2},?\s+\d{2,4} |
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\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2} |
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# ISO-8601
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\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}
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(?:T\d{2}:\d{2}(?::\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?(?:[+-]\d{2}(?::\d{2})|Z)?)?)?
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)\z /x
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# The encoding used by all converters.
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ConverterEncoding = Encoding.find("UTF-8")
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#
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# This Hash holds the built-in converters of CSV that can be accessed by name.
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# You can select Converters with CSV.convert() or through the +options+ Hash
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# passed to CSV::new().
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#
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# <b><tt>:integer</tt></b>:: Converts any field Integer() accepts.
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# <b><tt>:float</tt></b>:: Converts any field Float() accepts.
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# <b><tt>:numeric</tt></b>:: A combination of <tt>:integer</tt>
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# and <tt>:float</tt>.
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# <b><tt>:date</tt></b>:: Converts any field Date::parse() accepts.
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# <b><tt>:date_time</tt></b>:: Converts any field DateTime::parse() accepts.
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# <b><tt>:all</tt></b>:: All built-in converters. A combination of
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# <tt>:date_time</tt> and <tt>:numeric</tt>.
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#
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# All built-in converters transcode field data to UTF-8 before attempting a
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# conversion. If your data cannot be transcoded to UTF-8 the conversion will
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# fail and the field will remain unchanged.
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#
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# This Hash is intentionally left unfrozen and users should feel free to add
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# values to it that can be accessed by all CSV objects.
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#
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# To add a combo field, the value should be an Array of names. Combo fields
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# can be nested with other combo fields.
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#
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Converters = {
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integer: lambda { |f|
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Integer(f.encode(ConverterEncoding)) rescue f
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},
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float: lambda { |f|
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Float(f.encode(ConverterEncoding)) rescue f
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},
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numeric: [:integer, :float],
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date: lambda { |f|
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begin
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e = f.encode(ConverterEncoding)
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e.match?(DateMatcher) ? Date.parse(e) : f
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rescue # encoding conversion or date parse errors
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f
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end
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},
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date_time: lambda { |f|
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begin
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e = f.encode(ConverterEncoding)
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e.match?(DateTimeMatcher) ? DateTime.parse(e) : f
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rescue # encoding conversion or date parse errors
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f
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end
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},
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all: [:date_time, :numeric],
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}
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#
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# This Hash holds the built-in header converters of CSV that can be accessed
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# by name. You can select HeaderConverters with CSV.header_convert() or
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# through the +options+ Hash passed to CSV::new().
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#
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# <b><tt>:downcase</tt></b>:: Calls downcase() on the header String.
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# <b><tt>:symbol</tt></b>:: Leading/trailing spaces are dropped, string is
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# downcased, remaining spaces are replaced with
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# underscores, non-word characters are dropped,
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# and finally to_sym() is called.
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#
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# All built-in header converters transcode header data to UTF-8 before
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# attempting a conversion. If your data cannot be transcoded to UTF-8 the
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# conversion will fail and the header will remain unchanged.
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#
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# This Hash is intentionally left unfrozen and users should feel free to add
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# values to it that can be accessed by all CSV objects.
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#
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# To add a combo field, the value should be an Array of names. Combo fields
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# can be nested with other combo fields.
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#
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HeaderConverters = {
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downcase: lambda { |h| h.encode(ConverterEncoding).downcase },
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symbol: lambda { |h|
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h.encode(ConverterEncoding).downcase.gsub(/[^\s\w]+/, "").strip.
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gsub(/\s+/, "_").to_sym
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}
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}
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#
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# The options used when no overrides are given by calling code. They are:
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#
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# <b><tt>:col_sep</tt></b>:: <tt>","</tt>
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# <b><tt>:row_sep</tt></b>:: <tt>:auto</tt>
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# <b><tt>:quote_char</tt></b>:: <tt>'"'</tt>
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# <b><tt>:field_size_limit</tt></b>:: +nil+
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# <b><tt>:converters</tt></b>:: +nil+
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# <b><tt>:unconverted_fields</tt></b>:: +nil+
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# <b><tt>:headers</tt></b>:: +false+
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# <b><tt>:return_headers</tt></b>:: +false+
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# <b><tt>:header_converters</tt></b>:: +nil+
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# <b><tt>:skip_blanks</tt></b>:: +false+
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# <b><tt>:force_quotes</tt></b>:: +false+
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# <b><tt>:skip_lines</tt></b>:: +nil+
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# <b><tt>:liberal_parsing</tt></b>:: +false+
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#
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DEFAULT_OPTIONS = {
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col_sep: ",",
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row_sep: :auto,
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quote_char: '"',
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field_size_limit: nil,
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converters: nil,
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unconverted_fields: nil,
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headers: false,
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return_headers: false,
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header_converters: nil,
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skip_blanks: false,
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force_quotes: false,
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skip_lines: nil,
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liberal_parsing: false,
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}.freeze
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#
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# This method will return a CSV instance, just like CSV::new(), but the
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# instance will be cached and returned for all future calls to this method for
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# the same +data+ object (tested by Object#object_id()) with the same
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# +options+.
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#
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# If a block is given, the instance is passed to the block and the return
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# value becomes the return value of the block.
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#
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def self.instance(data = $stdout, **options)
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# create a _signature_ for this method call, data object and options
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sig = [data.object_id] +
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options.values_at(*DEFAULT_OPTIONS.keys.sort_by { |sym| sym.to_s })
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# fetch or create the instance for this signature
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@@instances ||= Hash.new
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instance = (@@instances[sig] ||= new(data, options))
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if block_given?
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yield instance # run block, if given, returning result
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else
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instance # or return the instance
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end
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end
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#
|
|
# :call-seq:
|
|
# filter( **options ) { |row| ... }
|
|
# filter( input, **options ) { |row| ... }
|
|
# filter( input, output, **options ) { |row| ... }
|
|
#
|
|
# This method is a convenience for building Unix-like filters for CSV data.
|
|
# Each row is yielded to the provided block which can alter it as needed.
|
|
# After the block returns, the row is appended to +output+ altered or not.
|
|
#
|
|
# The +input+ and +output+ arguments can be anything CSV::new() accepts
|
|
# (generally String or IO objects). If not given, they default to
|
|
# <tt>ARGF</tt> and <tt>$stdout</tt>.
|
|
#
|
|
# The +options+ parameter is also filtered down to CSV::new() after some
|
|
# clever key parsing. Any key beginning with <tt>:in_</tt> or
|
|
# <tt>:input_</tt> will have that leading identifier stripped and will only
|
|
# be used in the +options+ Hash for the +input+ object. Keys starting with
|
|
# <tt>:out_</tt> or <tt>:output_</tt> affect only +output+. All other keys
|
|
# are assigned to both objects.
|
|
#
|
|
# The <tt>:output_row_sep</tt> +option+ defaults to
|
|
# <tt>$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt> (<tt>$/</tt>).
|
|
#
|
|
def self.filter(input=nil, output=nil, **options)
|
|
# parse options for input, output, or both
|
|
in_options, out_options = Hash.new, {row_sep: $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR}
|
|
options.each do |key, value|
|
|
case key.to_s
|
|
when /\Ain(?:put)?_(.+)\Z/
|
|
in_options[$1.to_sym] = value
|
|
when /\Aout(?:put)?_(.+)\Z/
|
|
out_options[$1.to_sym] = value
|
|
else
|
|
in_options[key] = value
|
|
out_options[key] = value
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
# build input and output wrappers
|
|
input = new(input || ARGF, in_options)
|
|
output = new(output || $stdout, out_options)
|
|
|
|
# read, yield, write
|
|
input.each do |row|
|
|
yield row
|
|
output << row
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# This method is intended as the primary interface for reading CSV files. You
|
|
# pass a +path+ and any +options+ you wish to set for the read. Each row of
|
|
# file will be passed to the provided +block+ in turn.
|
|
#
|
|
# The +options+ parameter can be anything CSV::new() understands. This method
|
|
# also understands an additional <tt>:encoding</tt> parameter that you can use
|
|
# to specify the Encoding of the data in the file to be read. You must provide
|
|
# this unless your data is in Encoding::default_external(). CSV will use this
|
|
# to determine how to parse the data. You may provide a second Encoding to
|
|
# have the data transcoded as it is read. For example,
|
|
# <tt>encoding: "UTF-32BE:UTF-8"</tt> would read UTF-32BE data from the file
|
|
# but transcode it to UTF-8 before CSV parses it.
|
|
#
|
|
def self.foreach(path, **options, &block)
|
|
return to_enum(__method__, path, options) unless block_given?
|
|
open(path, options) do |csv|
|
|
csv.each(&block)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# :call-seq:
|
|
# generate( str, **options ) { |csv| ... }
|
|
# generate( **options ) { |csv| ... }
|
|
#
|
|
# This method wraps a String you provide, or an empty default String, in a
|
|
# CSV object which is passed to the provided block. You can use the block to
|
|
# append CSV rows to the String and when the block exits, the final String
|
|
# will be returned.
|
|
#
|
|
# Note that a passed String *is* modified by this method. Call dup() before
|
|
# passing if you need a new String.
|
|
#
|
|
# The +options+ parameter can be anything CSV::new() understands. This method
|
|
# understands an additional <tt>:encoding</tt> parameter when not passed a
|
|
# String to set the base Encoding for the output. CSV needs this hint if you
|
|
# plan to output non-ASCII compatible data.
|
|
#
|
|
def self.generate(str=nil, **options)
|
|
# add a default empty String, if none was given
|
|
if str
|
|
str = StringIO.new(str)
|
|
str.seek(0, IO::SEEK_END)
|
|
else
|
|
encoding = options[:encoding]
|
|
str = String.new
|
|
str.force_encoding(encoding) if encoding
|
|
end
|
|
csv = new(str, options) # wrap
|
|
yield csv # yield for appending
|
|
csv.string # return final String
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# This method is a shortcut for converting a single row (Array) into a CSV
|
|
# String.
|
|
#
|
|
# The +options+ parameter can be anything CSV::new() understands. This method
|
|
# understands an additional <tt>:encoding</tt> parameter to set the base
|
|
# Encoding for the output. This method will try to guess your Encoding from
|
|
# the first non-+nil+ field in +row+, if possible, but you may need to use
|
|
# this parameter as a backup plan.
|
|
#
|
|
# The <tt>:row_sep</tt> +option+ defaults to <tt>$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt>
|
|
# (<tt>$/</tt>) when calling this method.
|
|
#
|
|
def self.generate_line(row, **options)
|
|
options = {row_sep: $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR}.merge(options)
|
|
str = String.new
|
|
if options[:encoding]
|
|
str.force_encoding(options[:encoding])
|
|
elsif field = row.find { |f| not f.nil? }
|
|
str.force_encoding(String(field).encoding)
|
|
end
|
|
(new(str, options) << row).string
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# :call-seq:
|
|
# open( filename, mode = "rb", **options ) { |faster_csv| ... }
|
|
# open( filename, **options ) { |faster_csv| ... }
|
|
# open( filename, mode = "rb", **options )
|
|
# open( filename, **options )
|
|
#
|
|
# This method opens an IO object, and wraps that with CSV. This is intended
|
|
# as the primary interface for writing a CSV file.
|
|
#
|
|
# You must pass a +filename+ and may optionally add a +mode+ for Ruby's
|
|
# open(). You may also pass an optional Hash containing any +options+
|
|
# CSV::new() understands as the final argument.
|
|
#
|
|
# This method works like Ruby's open() call, in that it will pass a CSV object
|
|
# to a provided block and close it when the block terminates, or it will
|
|
# return the CSV object when no block is provided. (*Note*: This is different
|
|
# from the Ruby 1.8 CSV library which passed rows to the block. Use
|
|
# CSV::foreach() for that behavior.)
|
|
#
|
|
# You must provide a +mode+ with an embedded Encoding designator unless your
|
|
# data is in Encoding::default_external(). CSV will check the Encoding of the
|
|
# underlying IO object (set by the +mode+ you pass) to determine how to parse
|
|
# the data. You may provide a second Encoding to have the data transcoded as
|
|
# it is read just as you can with a normal call to IO::open(). For example,
|
|
# <tt>"rb:UTF-32BE:UTF-8"</tt> would read UTF-32BE data from the file but
|
|
# transcode it to UTF-8 before CSV parses it.
|
|
#
|
|
# An opened CSV object will delegate to many IO methods for convenience. You
|
|
# may call:
|
|
#
|
|
# * binmode()
|
|
# * binmode?()
|
|
# * close()
|
|
# * close_read()
|
|
# * close_write()
|
|
# * closed?()
|
|
# * eof()
|
|
# * eof?()
|
|
# * external_encoding()
|
|
# * fcntl()
|
|
# * fileno()
|
|
# * flock()
|
|
# * flush()
|
|
# * fsync()
|
|
# * internal_encoding()
|
|
# * ioctl()
|
|
# * isatty()
|
|
# * path()
|
|
# * pid()
|
|
# * pos()
|
|
# * pos=()
|
|
# * reopen()
|
|
# * seek()
|
|
# * stat()
|
|
# * sync()
|
|
# * sync=()
|
|
# * tell()
|
|
# * to_i()
|
|
# * to_io()
|
|
# * truncate()
|
|
# * tty?()
|
|
#
|
|
def self.open(filename, mode="r", **options)
|
|
# wrap a File opened with the remaining +args+ with no newline
|
|
# decorator
|
|
file_opts = {universal_newline: false}.merge(options)
|
|
|
|
begin
|
|
f = File.open(filename, mode, file_opts)
|
|
rescue ArgumentError => e
|
|
raise unless /needs binmode/.match?(e.message) and mode == "r"
|
|
mode = "rb"
|
|
file_opts = {encoding: Encoding.default_external}.merge(file_opts)
|
|
retry
|
|
end
|
|
begin
|
|
csv = new(f, options)
|
|
rescue Exception
|
|
f.close
|
|
raise
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# handle blocks like Ruby's open(), not like the CSV library
|
|
if block_given?
|
|
begin
|
|
yield csv
|
|
ensure
|
|
csv.close
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
csv
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# :call-seq:
|
|
# parse( str, **options ) { |row| ... }
|
|
# parse( str, **options )
|
|
#
|
|
# This method can be used to easily parse CSV out of a String. You may either
|
|
# provide a +block+ which will be called with each row of the String in turn,
|
|
# or just use the returned Array of Arrays (when no +block+ is given).
|
|
#
|
|
# You pass your +str+ to read from, and an optional +options+ containing
|
|
# anything CSV::new() understands.
|
|
#
|
|
def self.parse(*args, &block)
|
|
csv = new(*args)
|
|
|
|
return csv.each(&block) if block_given?
|
|
|
|
# slurp contents, if no block is given
|
|
begin
|
|
csv.read
|
|
ensure
|
|
csv.close
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# This method is a shortcut for converting a single line of a CSV String into
|
|
# an Array. Note that if +line+ contains multiple rows, anything beyond the
|
|
# first row is ignored.
|
|
#
|
|
# The +options+ parameter can be anything CSV::new() understands.
|
|
#
|
|
def self.parse_line(line, **options)
|
|
new(line, options).shift
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Use to slurp a CSV file into an Array of Arrays. Pass the +path+ to the
|
|
# file and any +options+ CSV::new() understands. This method also understands
|
|
# an additional <tt>:encoding</tt> parameter that you can use to specify the
|
|
# Encoding of the data in the file to be read. You must provide this unless
|
|
# your data is in Encoding::default_external(). CSV will use this to determine
|
|
# how to parse the data. You may provide a second Encoding to have the data
|
|
# transcoded as it is read. For example,
|
|
# <tt>encoding: "UTF-32BE:UTF-8"</tt> would read UTF-32BE data from the file
|
|
# but transcode it to UTF-8 before CSV parses it.
|
|
#
|
|
def self.read(path, *options)
|
|
open(path, *options) { |csv| csv.read }
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Alias for CSV::read().
|
|
def self.readlines(*args)
|
|
read(*args)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# A shortcut for:
|
|
#
|
|
# CSV.read( path, { headers: true,
|
|
# converters: :numeric,
|
|
# header_converters: :symbol }.merge(options) )
|
|
#
|
|
def self.table(path, **options)
|
|
read( path, { headers: true,
|
|
converters: :numeric,
|
|
header_converters: :symbol }.merge(options) )
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# This constructor will wrap either a String or IO object passed in +data+ for
|
|
# reading and/or writing. In addition to the CSV instance methods, several IO
|
|
# methods are delegated. (See CSV::open() for a complete list.) If you pass
|
|
# a String for +data+, you can later retrieve it (after writing to it, for
|
|
# example) with CSV.string().
|
|
#
|
|
# Note that a wrapped String will be positioned at the beginning (for
|
|
# reading). If you want it at the end (for writing), use CSV::generate().
|
|
# If you want any other positioning, pass a preset StringIO object instead.
|
|
#
|
|
# You may set any reading and/or writing preferences in the +options+ Hash.
|
|
# Available options are:
|
|
#
|
|
# <b><tt>:col_sep</tt></b>:: The String placed between each field.
|
|
# This String will be transcoded into
|
|
# the data's Encoding before parsing.
|
|
# <b><tt>:row_sep</tt></b>:: The String appended to the end of each
|
|
# row. This can be set to the special
|
|
# <tt>:auto</tt> setting, which requests
|
|
# that CSV automatically discover this
|
|
# from the data. Auto-discovery reads
|
|
# ahead in the data looking for the next
|
|
# <tt>"\r\n"</tt>, <tt>"\n"</tt>, or
|
|
# <tt>"\r"</tt> sequence. A sequence
|
|
# will be selected even if it occurs in
|
|
# a quoted field, assuming that you
|
|
# would have the same line endings
|
|
# there. If none of those sequences is
|
|
# found, +data+ is <tt>ARGF</tt>,
|
|
# <tt>STDIN</tt>, <tt>STDOUT</tt>, or
|
|
# <tt>STDERR</tt>, or the stream is only
|
|
# available for output, the default
|
|
# <tt>$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt>
|
|
# (<tt>$/</tt>) is used. Obviously,
|
|
# discovery takes a little time. Set
|
|
# manually if speed is important. Also
|
|
# note that IO objects should be opened
|
|
# in binary mode on Windows if this
|
|
# feature will be used as the
|
|
# line-ending translation can cause
|
|
# problems with resetting the document
|
|
# position to where it was before the
|
|
# read ahead. This String will be
|
|
# transcoded into the data's Encoding
|
|
# before parsing.
|
|
# <b><tt>:quote_char</tt></b>:: The character used to quote fields.
|
|
# This has to be a single character
|
|
# String. This is useful for
|
|
# application that incorrectly use
|
|
# <tt>'</tt> as the quote character
|
|
# instead of the correct <tt>"</tt>.
|
|
# CSV will always consider a double
|
|
# sequence of this character to be an
|
|
# escaped quote. This String will be
|
|
# transcoded into the data's Encoding
|
|
# before parsing.
|
|
# <b><tt>:field_size_limit</tt></b>:: This is a maximum size CSV will read
|
|
# ahead looking for the closing quote
|
|
# for a field. (In truth, it reads to
|
|
# the first line ending beyond this
|
|
# size.) If a quote cannot be found
|
|
# within the limit CSV will raise a
|
|
# MalformedCSVError, assuming the data
|
|
# is faulty. You can use this limit to
|
|
# prevent what are effectively DoS
|
|
# attacks on the parser. However, this
|
|
# limit can cause a legitimate parse to
|
|
# fail and thus is set to +nil+, or off,
|
|
# by default.
|
|
# <b><tt>:converters</tt></b>:: An Array of names from the Converters
|
|
# Hash and/or lambdas that handle custom
|
|
# conversion. A single converter
|
|
# doesn't have to be in an Array. All
|
|
# built-in converters try to transcode
|
|
# fields to UTF-8 before converting.
|
|
# The conversion will fail if the data
|
|
# cannot be transcoded, leaving the
|
|
# field unchanged.
|
|
# <b><tt>:unconverted_fields</tt></b>:: If set to +true+, an
|
|
# unconverted_fields() method will be
|
|
# added to all returned rows (Array or
|
|
# CSV::Row) that will return the fields
|
|
# as they were before conversion. Note
|
|
# that <tt>:headers</tt> supplied by
|
|
# Array or String were not fields of the
|
|
# document and thus will have an empty
|
|
# Array attached.
|
|
# <b><tt>:headers</tt></b>:: If set to <tt>:first_row</tt> or
|
|
# +true+, the initial row of the CSV
|
|
# file will be treated as a row of
|
|
# headers. If set to an Array, the
|
|
# contents will be used as the headers.
|
|
# If set to a String, the String is run
|
|
# through a call of CSV::parse_line()
|
|
# with the same <tt>:col_sep</tt>,
|
|
# <tt>:row_sep</tt>, and
|
|
# <tt>:quote_char</tt> as this instance
|
|
# to produce an Array of headers. This
|
|
# setting causes CSV#shift() to return
|
|
# rows as CSV::Row objects instead of
|
|
# Arrays and CSV#read() to return
|
|
# CSV::Table objects instead of an Array
|
|
# of Arrays.
|
|
# <b><tt>:return_headers</tt></b>:: When +false+, header rows are silently
|
|
# swallowed. If set to +true+, header
|
|
# rows are returned in a CSV::Row object
|
|
# with identical headers and
|
|
# fields (save that the fields do not go
|
|
# through the converters).
|
|
# <b><tt>:write_headers</tt></b>:: When +true+ and <tt>:headers</tt> is
|
|
# set, a header row will be added to the
|
|
# output.
|
|
# <b><tt>:header_converters</tt></b>:: Identical in functionality to
|
|
# <tt>:converters</tt> save that the
|
|
# conversions are only made to header
|
|
# rows. All built-in converters try to
|
|
# transcode headers to UTF-8 before
|
|
# converting. The conversion will fail
|
|
# if the data cannot be transcoded,
|
|
# leaving the header unchanged.
|
|
# <b><tt>:skip_blanks</tt></b>:: When set to a +true+ value, CSV will
|
|
# skip over any empty rows. Note that
|
|
# this setting will not skip rows that
|
|
# contain column separators, even if
|
|
# the rows contain no actual data. If
|
|
# you want to skip rows that contain
|
|
# separators but no content, consider
|
|
# using <tt>:skip_lines</tt>, or
|
|
# inspecting fields.compact.empty? on
|
|
# each row.
|
|
# <b><tt>:force_quotes</tt></b>:: When set to a +true+ value, CSV will
|
|
# quote all CSV fields it creates.
|
|
# <b><tt>:skip_lines</tt></b>:: When set to an object responding to
|
|
# <tt>match</tt>, every line matching
|
|
# it is considered a comment and ignored
|
|
# during parsing. When set to a String,
|
|
# it is first converted to a Regexp.
|
|
# When set to +nil+ no line is considered
|
|
# a comment. If the passed object does
|
|
# not respond to <tt>match</tt>,
|
|
# <tt>ArgumentError</tt> is thrown.
|
|
# <b><tt>:liberal_parsing</tt></b>:: When set to a +true+ value, CSV will
|
|
# attempt to parse input not conformant
|
|
# with RFC 4180, such as double quotes
|
|
# in unquoted fields.
|
|
# <b><tt>:nil_value</tt></b>:: TODO: WRITE ME.
|
|
# <b><tt>:empty_value</tt></b>:: TODO: WRITE ME.
|
|
#
|
|
# See CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS for the default settings.
|
|
#
|
|
# Options cannot be overridden in the instance methods for performance reasons,
|
|
# so be sure to set what you want here.
|
|
#
|
|
def initialize(data, col_sep: ",", row_sep: :auto, quote_char: '"', field_size_limit: nil,
|
|
converters: nil, unconverted_fields: nil, headers: false, return_headers: false,
|
|
write_headers: nil, header_converters: nil, skip_blanks: false, force_quotes: false,
|
|
skip_lines: nil, liberal_parsing: false, internal_encoding: nil, external_encoding: nil, encoding: nil,
|
|
nil_value: nil,
|
|
empty_value: "")
|
|
raise ArgumentError.new("Cannot parse nil as CSV") if data.nil?
|
|
|
|
# create the IO object we will read from
|
|
@io = data.is_a?(String) ? StringIO.new(data) : data
|
|
@encoding = determine_encoding(encoding, internal_encoding)
|
|
#
|
|
# prepare for building safe regular expressions in the target encoding,
|
|
# if we can transcode the needed characters
|
|
#
|
|
@re_esc = "\\".encode(@encoding).freeze rescue ""
|
|
@re_chars = /#{%"[-\\]\\[\\.^$?*+{}()|# \r\n\t\f\v]".encode(@encoding)}/
|
|
@unconverted_fields = unconverted_fields
|
|
|
|
# Stores header row settings and loads header converters, if needed.
|
|
@use_headers = headers
|
|
@return_headers = return_headers
|
|
@write_headers = write_headers
|
|
|
|
# headers must be delayed until shift(), in case they need a row of content
|
|
@headers = nil
|
|
|
|
@nil_value = nil_value
|
|
@empty_value = empty_value
|
|
@empty_value_is_empty_string = (empty_value == "")
|
|
|
|
init_separators(col_sep, row_sep, quote_char, force_quotes)
|
|
init_parsers(skip_blanks, field_size_limit, liberal_parsing)
|
|
init_converters(converters, :@converters, :convert)
|
|
init_converters(header_converters, :@header_converters, :header_convert)
|
|
init_comments(skip_lines)
|
|
|
|
@force_encoding = !!encoding
|
|
|
|
# track our own lineno since IO gets confused about line-ends is CSV fields
|
|
@lineno = 0
|
|
|
|
# make sure headers have been assigned
|
|
if header_row? and [Array, String].include? @use_headers.class and @write_headers
|
|
parse_headers # won't read data for Array or String
|
|
self << @headers
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# The encoded <tt>:col_sep</tt> used in parsing and writing. See CSV::new
|
|
# for details.
|
|
#
|
|
attr_reader :col_sep
|
|
#
|
|
# The encoded <tt>:row_sep</tt> used in parsing and writing. See CSV::new
|
|
# for details.
|
|
#
|
|
attr_reader :row_sep
|
|
#
|
|
# The encoded <tt>:quote_char</tt> used in parsing and writing. See CSV::new
|
|
# for details.
|
|
#
|
|
attr_reader :quote_char
|
|
# The limit for field size, if any. See CSV::new for details.
|
|
attr_reader :field_size_limit
|
|
|
|
# The regex marking a line as a comment. See CSV::new for details
|
|
attr_reader :skip_lines
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns the current list of converters in effect. See CSV::new for details.
|
|
# Built-in converters will be returned by name, while others will be returned
|
|
# as is.
|
|
#
|
|
def converters
|
|
@converters.map do |converter|
|
|
name = Converters.rassoc(converter)
|
|
name ? name.first : converter
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns +true+ if unconverted_fields() to parsed results. See CSV::new
|
|
# for details.
|
|
#
|
|
def unconverted_fields?() @unconverted_fields end
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns +nil+ if headers will not be used, +true+ if they will but have not
|
|
# yet been read, or the actual headers after they have been read. See
|
|
# CSV::new for details.
|
|
#
|
|
def headers
|
|
@headers || true if @use_headers
|
|
end
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns +true+ if headers will be returned as a row of results.
|
|
# See CSV::new for details.
|
|
#
|
|
def return_headers?() @return_headers end
|
|
# Returns +true+ if headers are written in output. See CSV::new for details.
|
|
def write_headers?() @write_headers end
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns the current list of converters in effect for headers. See CSV::new
|
|
# for details. Built-in converters will be returned by name, while others
|
|
# will be returned as is.
|
|
#
|
|
def header_converters
|
|
@header_converters.map do |converter|
|
|
name = HeaderConverters.rassoc(converter)
|
|
name ? name.first : converter
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns +true+ blank lines are skipped by the parser. See CSV::new
|
|
# for details.
|
|
#
|
|
def skip_blanks?() @skip_blanks end
|
|
# Returns +true+ if all output fields are quoted. See CSV::new for details.
|
|
def force_quotes?() @force_quotes end
|
|
# Returns +true+ if illegal input is handled. See CSV::new for details.
|
|
def liberal_parsing?() @liberal_parsing end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# The Encoding CSV is parsing or writing in. This will be the Encoding you
|
|
# receive parsed data in and/or the Encoding data will be written in.
|
|
#
|
|
attr_reader :encoding
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# The line number of the last row read from this file. Fields with nested
|
|
# line-end characters will not affect this count.
|
|
#
|
|
attr_reader :lineno, :line
|
|
|
|
### IO and StringIO Delegation ###
|
|
|
|
extend Forwardable
|
|
def_delegators :@io, :binmode, :binmode?, :close, :close_read, :close_write,
|
|
:closed?, :eof, :eof?, :external_encoding, :fcntl,
|
|
:fileno, :flock, :flush, :fsync, :internal_encoding,
|
|
:ioctl, :isatty, :path, :pid, :pos, :pos=, :reopen,
|
|
:seek, :stat, :string, :sync, :sync=, :tell, :to_i,
|
|
:to_io, :truncate, :tty?
|
|
|
|
# Rewinds the underlying IO object and resets CSV's lineno() counter.
|
|
def rewind
|
|
@headers = nil
|
|
@lineno = 0
|
|
|
|
@io.rewind
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
### End Delegation ###
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# The primary write method for wrapped Strings and IOs, +row+ (an Array or
|
|
# CSV::Row) is converted to CSV and appended to the data source. When a
|
|
# CSV::Row is passed, only the row's fields() are appended to the output.
|
|
#
|
|
# The data source must be open for writing.
|
|
#
|
|
def <<(row)
|
|
# make sure headers have been assigned
|
|
if header_row? and [Array, String].include? @use_headers.class and !@write_headers
|
|
parse_headers # won't read data for Array or String
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# handle CSV::Row objects and Hashes
|
|
row = case row
|
|
when self.class::Row then row.fields
|
|
when Hash then @headers.map { |header| row[header] }
|
|
else row
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
@headers = row if header_row?
|
|
@lineno += 1
|
|
|
|
output = row.map(&@quote).join(@col_sep) + @row_sep # quote and separate
|
|
if @io.is_a?(StringIO) and
|
|
output.encoding != (encoding = raw_encoding)
|
|
if @force_encoding
|
|
output = output.encode(encoding)
|
|
elsif (compatible_encoding = Encoding.compatible?(@io.string, output))
|
|
@io.set_encoding(compatible_encoding)
|
|
@io.seek(0, IO::SEEK_END)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
@io << output
|
|
|
|
self # for chaining
|
|
end
|
|
alias_method :add_row, :<<
|
|
alias_method :puts, :<<
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# :call-seq:
|
|
# convert( name )
|
|
# convert { |field| ... }
|
|
# convert { |field, field_info| ... }
|
|
#
|
|
# You can use this method to install a CSV::Converters built-in, or provide a
|
|
# block that handles a custom conversion.
|
|
#
|
|
# If you provide a block that takes one argument, it will be passed the field
|
|
# and is expected to return the converted value or the field itself. If your
|
|
# block takes two arguments, it will also be passed a CSV::FieldInfo Struct,
|
|
# containing details about the field. Again, the block should return a
|
|
# converted field or the field itself.
|
|
#
|
|
def convert(name = nil, &converter)
|
|
add_converter(:@converters, self.class::Converters, name, &converter)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# :call-seq:
|
|
# header_convert( name )
|
|
# header_convert { |field| ... }
|
|
# header_convert { |field, field_info| ... }
|
|
#
|
|
# Identical to CSV#convert(), but for header rows.
|
|
#
|
|
# Note that this method must be called before header rows are read to have any
|
|
# effect.
|
|
#
|
|
def header_convert(name = nil, &converter)
|
|
add_converter( :@header_converters,
|
|
self.class::HeaderConverters,
|
|
name,
|
|
&converter )
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
include Enumerable
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Yields each row of the data source in turn.
|
|
#
|
|
# Support for Enumerable.
|
|
#
|
|
# The data source must be open for reading.
|
|
#
|
|
def each
|
|
if block_given?
|
|
while row = shift
|
|
yield row
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
to_enum
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Slurps the remaining rows and returns an Array of Arrays.
|
|
#
|
|
# The data source must be open for reading.
|
|
#
|
|
def read
|
|
rows = to_a
|
|
if @use_headers
|
|
Table.new(rows)
|
|
else
|
|
rows
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
alias_method :readlines, :read
|
|
|
|
# Returns +true+ if the next row read will be a header row.
|
|
def header_row?
|
|
@use_headers and @headers.nil?
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# The primary read method for wrapped Strings and IOs, a single row is pulled
|
|
# from the data source, parsed and returned as an Array of fields (if header
|
|
# rows are not used) or a CSV::Row (when header rows are used).
|
|
#
|
|
# The data source must be open for reading.
|
|
#
|
|
def shift
|
|
#########################################################################
|
|
### This method is purposefully kept a bit long as simple conditional ###
|
|
### checks are faster than numerous (expensive) method calls. ###
|
|
#########################################################################
|
|
|
|
# handle headers not based on document content
|
|
if header_row? and @return_headers and
|
|
[Array, String].include? @use_headers.class
|
|
if @unconverted_fields
|
|
return add_unconverted_fields(parse_headers, Array.new)
|
|
else
|
|
return parse_headers
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# it can take multiple calls to <tt>@io.gets()</tt> to get a full line,
|
|
# because of \r and/or \n characters embedded in quoted fields
|
|
#
|
|
in_extended_col = false
|
|
csv = Array.new
|
|
|
|
loop do
|
|
# add another read to the line
|
|
unless parse = @io.gets(@row_sep)
|
|
return nil
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
if in_extended_col
|
|
@line.concat(parse)
|
|
else
|
|
@line = parse.clone
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
begin
|
|
parse.sub!(@parsers[:line_end], "")
|
|
rescue ArgumentError
|
|
unless parse.valid_encoding?
|
|
message = "Invalid byte sequence in #{parse.encoding}"
|
|
raise MalformedCSVError.new(message, lineno + 1)
|
|
end
|
|
raise
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
if csv.empty?
|
|
#
|
|
# I believe a blank line should be an <tt>Array.new</tt>, not Ruby 1.8
|
|
# CSV's <tt>[nil]</tt>
|
|
#
|
|
if parse.empty?
|
|
@lineno += 1
|
|
if @skip_blanks
|
|
next
|
|
elsif @unconverted_fields
|
|
return add_unconverted_fields(Array.new, Array.new)
|
|
elsif @use_headers
|
|
return self.class::Row.new(Array.new, Array.new)
|
|
else
|
|
return Array.new
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
next if @skip_lines and @skip_lines.match parse
|
|
|
|
parts = parse.split(@col_sep_split_separator, -1)
|
|
if parts.empty?
|
|
if in_extended_col
|
|
csv[-1] << @col_sep # will be replaced with a @row_sep after the parts.each loop
|
|
else
|
|
csv << nil
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# This loop is the hot path of csv parsing. Some things may be non-dry
|
|
# for a reason. Make sure to benchmark when refactoring.
|
|
parts.each do |part|
|
|
if in_extended_col
|
|
# If we are continuing a previous column
|
|
if part.end_with?(@quote_char) && part.count(@quote_char) % 2 != 0
|
|
# extended column ends
|
|
csv.last << part[0..-2]
|
|
if csv.last.match?(@parsers[:stray_quote])
|
|
raise MalformedCSVError.new("Missing or stray quote",
|
|
lineno + 1)
|
|
end
|
|
csv.last.gsub!(@double_quote_char, @quote_char)
|
|
in_extended_col = false
|
|
else
|
|
csv.last << part << @col_sep
|
|
end
|
|
elsif part.start_with?(@quote_char)
|
|
# If we are starting a new quoted column
|
|
if part.count(@quote_char) % 2 != 0
|
|
# start an extended column
|
|
csv << (part[1..-1] << @col_sep)
|
|
in_extended_col = true
|
|
elsif part.end_with?(@quote_char)
|
|
# regular quoted column
|
|
csv << part[1..-2]
|
|
if csv.last.match?(@parsers[:stray_quote])
|
|
raise MalformedCSVError.new("Missing or stray quote",
|
|
lineno + 1)
|
|
end
|
|
csv.last.gsub!(@double_quote_char, @quote_char)
|
|
elsif @liberal_parsing
|
|
csv << part
|
|
else
|
|
raise MalformedCSVError.new("Missing or stray quote",
|
|
lineno + 1)
|
|
end
|
|
elsif part.match?(@parsers[:quote_or_nl])
|
|
# Unquoted field with bad characters.
|
|
if part.match?(@parsers[:nl_or_lf])
|
|
message = "Unquoted fields do not allow \\r or \\n"
|
|
raise MalformedCSVError.new(message, lineno + 1)
|
|
else
|
|
if @liberal_parsing
|
|
csv << part
|
|
else
|
|
raise MalformedCSVError.new("Illegal quoting", lineno + 1)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
# Regular ole unquoted field.
|
|
csv << (part.empty? ? nil : part)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Replace tacked on @col_sep with @row_sep if we are still in an extended
|
|
# column.
|
|
csv[-1][-1] = @row_sep if in_extended_col
|
|
|
|
if in_extended_col
|
|
# if we're at eof?(), a quoted field wasn't closed...
|
|
if @io.eof?
|
|
raise MalformedCSVError.new("Unclosed quoted field",
|
|
lineno + 1)
|
|
elsif @field_size_limit and csv.last.size >= @field_size_limit
|
|
raise MalformedCSVError.new("Field size exceeded",
|
|
lineno + 1)
|
|
end
|
|
# otherwise, we need to loop and pull some more data to complete the row
|
|
else
|
|
@lineno += 1
|
|
|
|
# save fields unconverted fields, if needed...
|
|
unconverted = csv.dup if @unconverted_fields
|
|
|
|
if @use_headers
|
|
# parse out header rows and handle CSV::Row conversions...
|
|
csv = parse_headers(csv)
|
|
else
|
|
# convert fields, if needed...
|
|
csv = convert_fields(csv)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# inject unconverted fields and accessor, if requested...
|
|
if @unconverted_fields and not csv.respond_to? :unconverted_fields
|
|
add_unconverted_fields(csv, unconverted)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# return the results
|
|
break csv
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
alias_method :gets, :shift
|
|
alias_method :readline, :shift
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns a simplified description of the key CSV attributes in an
|
|
# ASCII compatible String.
|
|
#
|
|
def inspect
|
|
str = ["<#", self.class.to_s, " io_type:"]
|
|
# show type of wrapped IO
|
|
if @io == $stdout then str << "$stdout"
|
|
elsif @io == $stdin then str << "$stdin"
|
|
elsif @io == $stderr then str << "$stderr"
|
|
else str << @io.class.to_s
|
|
end
|
|
# show IO.path(), if available
|
|
if @io.respond_to?(:path) and (p = @io.path)
|
|
str << " io_path:" << p.inspect
|
|
end
|
|
# show encoding
|
|
str << " encoding:" << @encoding.name
|
|
# show other attributes
|
|
%w[ lineno col_sep row_sep
|
|
quote_char skip_blanks liberal_parsing ].each do |attr_name|
|
|
if a = instance_variable_get("@#{attr_name}")
|
|
str << " " << attr_name << ":" << a.inspect
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
if @use_headers
|
|
str << " headers:" << headers.inspect
|
|
end
|
|
str << ">"
|
|
begin
|
|
str.join('')
|
|
rescue # any encoding error
|
|
str.map do |s|
|
|
e = Encoding::Converter.asciicompat_encoding(s.encoding)
|
|
e ? s.encode(e) : s.force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")
|
|
end.join('')
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
private
|
|
|
|
def determine_encoding(encoding, internal_encoding)
|
|
# honor the IO encoding if we can, otherwise default to ASCII-8BIT
|
|
io_encoding = raw_encoding(nil)
|
|
return io_encoding if io_encoding
|
|
|
|
return Encoding.find(internal_encoding) if internal_encoding
|
|
|
|
if encoding
|
|
encoding, = encoding.split(":", 2) if encoding.is_a?(String)
|
|
return Encoding.find(encoding)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
Encoding.default_internal || Encoding.default_external
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Stores the indicated separators for later use.
|
|
#
|
|
# If auto-discovery was requested for <tt>@row_sep</tt>, this method will read
|
|
# ahead in the <tt>@io</tt> and try to find one. +ARGF+, +STDIN+, +STDOUT+,
|
|
# +STDERR+ and any stream open for output only with a default
|
|
# <tt>@row_sep</tt> of <tt>$INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR</tt> (<tt>$/</tt>).
|
|
#
|
|
# This method also establishes the quoting rules used for CSV output.
|
|
#
|
|
def init_separators(col_sep, row_sep, quote_char, force_quotes)
|
|
# store the selected separators
|
|
@col_sep = col_sep.to_s.encode(@encoding)
|
|
if @col_sep == " "
|
|
@col_sep_split_separator = Regexp.new(/#{Regexp.escape(@col_sep)}/)
|
|
else
|
|
@col_sep_split_separator = @col_sep
|
|
end
|
|
@row_sep = row_sep # encode after resolving :auto
|
|
@quote_char = quote_char.to_s.encode(@encoding)
|
|
@double_quote_char = @quote_char * 2
|
|
|
|
if @quote_char.length != 1
|
|
raise ArgumentError, ":quote_char has to be a single character String"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# automatically discover row separator when requested
|
|
# (not fully encoding safe)
|
|
#
|
|
if @row_sep == :auto
|
|
if [ARGF, STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR].include?(@io) or
|
|
(defined?(Zlib) and @io.class == Zlib::GzipWriter)
|
|
@row_sep = $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR
|
|
else
|
|
begin
|
|
#
|
|
# remember where we were (pos() will raise an exception if @io is pipe
|
|
# or not opened for reading)
|
|
#
|
|
saved_pos = @io.pos
|
|
while @row_sep == :auto
|
|
#
|
|
# if we run out of data, it's probably a single line
|
|
# (ensure will set default value)
|
|
#
|
|
break unless sample = @io.gets(nil, 1024)
|
|
|
|
cr = encode_str("\r")
|
|
lf = encode_str("\n")
|
|
# extend sample if we're unsure of the line ending
|
|
if sample.end_with?(cr)
|
|
sample << (@io.gets(nil, 1) || "")
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# try to find a standard separator
|
|
sample.each_char.each_cons(2) do |char, next_char|
|
|
case char
|
|
when cr
|
|
if next_char == lf
|
|
@row_sep = encode_str("\r\n")
|
|
else
|
|
@row_sep = cr
|
|
end
|
|
break
|
|
when lf
|
|
@row_sep = lf
|
|
break
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# tricky seek() clone to work around GzipReader's lack of seek()
|
|
@io.rewind
|
|
# reset back to the remembered position
|
|
while saved_pos > 1024 # avoid loading a lot of data into memory
|
|
@io.read(1024)
|
|
saved_pos -= 1024
|
|
end
|
|
@io.read(saved_pos) if saved_pos.nonzero?
|
|
rescue IOError # not opened for reading
|
|
# do nothing: ensure will set default
|
|
rescue NoMethodError # Zlib::GzipWriter doesn't have some IO methods
|
|
# do nothing: ensure will set default
|
|
rescue SystemCallError # pipe
|
|
# do nothing: ensure will set default
|
|
ensure
|
|
#
|
|
# set default if we failed to detect
|
|
# (stream not opened for reading, a pipe, or a single line of data)
|
|
#
|
|
@row_sep = $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR if @row_sep == :auto
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
@row_sep = @row_sep.to_s.encode(@encoding)
|
|
|
|
# establish quoting rules
|
|
@force_quotes = force_quotes
|
|
do_quote = lambda do |field|
|
|
field = String(field)
|
|
encoded_quote = @quote_char.encode(field.encoding)
|
|
encoded_quote + field.gsub(encoded_quote, encoded_quote * 2) + encoded_quote
|
|
end
|
|
quotable_chars = encode_str("\r\n", @col_sep, @quote_char)
|
|
@quote = if @force_quotes
|
|
do_quote
|
|
else
|
|
lambda do |field|
|
|
if field.nil? # represent +nil+ fields as empty unquoted fields
|
|
""
|
|
else
|
|
field = String(field) # Stringify fields
|
|
# represent empty fields as empty quoted fields
|
|
if field.empty? or
|
|
field.count(quotable_chars).nonzero?
|
|
do_quote.call(field)
|
|
else
|
|
field # unquoted field
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Pre-compiles parsers and stores them by name for access during reads.
|
|
def init_parsers(skip_blanks, field_size_limit, liberal_parsing)
|
|
# store the parser behaviors
|
|
@skip_blanks = skip_blanks
|
|
@field_size_limit = field_size_limit
|
|
@liberal_parsing = liberal_parsing
|
|
|
|
# prebuild Regexps for faster parsing
|
|
esc_row_sep = escape_re(@row_sep)
|
|
esc_quote = escape_re(@quote_char)
|
|
@parsers = {
|
|
# for detecting parse errors
|
|
quote_or_nl: encode_re("[", esc_quote, "\r\n]"),
|
|
nl_or_lf: encode_re("[\r\n]"),
|
|
stray_quote: encode_re( "[^", esc_quote, "]", esc_quote,
|
|
"[^", esc_quote, "]" ),
|
|
# safer than chomp!()
|
|
line_end: encode_re(esc_row_sep, "\\z"),
|
|
# illegal unquoted characters
|
|
return_newline: encode_str("\r\n")
|
|
}
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Loads any converters requested during construction.
|
|
#
|
|
# If +field_name+ is set <tt>:converters</tt> (the default) field converters
|
|
# are set. When +field_name+ is <tt>:header_converters</tt> header converters
|
|
# are added instead.
|
|
#
|
|
# The <tt>:unconverted_fields</tt> option is also activated for
|
|
# <tt>:converters</tt> calls, if requested.
|
|
#
|
|
def init_converters(converters, ivar_name, convert_method)
|
|
converters = case converters
|
|
when nil then []
|
|
when Array then converters
|
|
else [converters]
|
|
end
|
|
instance_variable_set(ivar_name, [])
|
|
convert = method(convert_method)
|
|
|
|
# load converters
|
|
converters.each do |converter|
|
|
if converter.is_a? Proc # custom code block
|
|
convert.call(&converter)
|
|
else # by name
|
|
convert.call(converter)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Stores the pattern of comments to skip from the provided options.
|
|
#
|
|
# The pattern must respond to +.match+, else ArgumentError is raised.
|
|
# Strings are converted to a Regexp.
|
|
#
|
|
# See also CSV.new
|
|
def init_comments(skip_lines)
|
|
@skip_lines = skip_lines
|
|
@skip_lines = Regexp.new(Regexp.escape(@skip_lines)) if @skip_lines.is_a? String
|
|
if @skip_lines and not @skip_lines.respond_to?(:match)
|
|
raise ArgumentError, ":skip_lines has to respond to matches"
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
#
|
|
# The actual work method for adding converters, used by both CSV.convert() and
|
|
# CSV.header_convert().
|
|
#
|
|
# This method requires the +var_name+ of the instance variable to place the
|
|
# converters in, the +const+ Hash to lookup named converters in, and the
|
|
# normal parameters of the CSV.convert() and CSV.header_convert() methods.
|
|
#
|
|
def add_converter(var_name, const, name = nil, &converter)
|
|
if name.nil? # custom converter
|
|
instance_variable_get(var_name) << converter
|
|
else # named converter
|
|
combo = const[name]
|
|
case combo
|
|
when Array # combo converter
|
|
combo.each do |converter_name|
|
|
add_converter(var_name, const, converter_name)
|
|
end
|
|
else # individual named converter
|
|
instance_variable_get(var_name) << combo
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Processes +fields+ with <tt>@converters</tt>, or <tt>@header_converters</tt>
|
|
# if +headers+ is passed as +true+, returning the converted field set. Any
|
|
# converter that changes the field into something other than a String halts
|
|
# the pipeline of conversion for that field. This is primarily an efficiency
|
|
# shortcut.
|
|
#
|
|
def convert_fields(fields, headers = false)
|
|
if headers
|
|
converters = @header_converters
|
|
else
|
|
converters = @converters
|
|
if !@use_headers and
|
|
converters.empty? and
|
|
@nil_value.nil? and
|
|
@empty_value_is_empty_string
|
|
return fields
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
fields.map.with_index do |field, index|
|
|
if field.nil?
|
|
field = @nil_value
|
|
elsif field.empty?
|
|
field = @empty_value unless @empty_value_is_empty_string
|
|
end
|
|
converters.each do |converter|
|
|
break if headers && field.nil?
|
|
field = if converter.arity == 1 # straight field converter
|
|
converter[field]
|
|
else # FieldInfo converter
|
|
header = @use_headers && !headers ? @headers[index] : nil
|
|
converter[field, FieldInfo.new(index, lineno, header)]
|
|
end
|
|
break unless field.is_a? String # short-circuit pipeline for speed
|
|
end
|
|
field # final state of each field, converted or original
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# This method is used to turn a finished +row+ into a CSV::Row. Header rows
|
|
# are also dealt with here, either by returning a CSV::Row with identical
|
|
# headers and fields (save that the fields do not go through the converters)
|
|
# or by reading past them to return a field row. Headers are also saved in
|
|
# <tt>@headers</tt> for use in future rows.
|
|
#
|
|
# When +nil+, +row+ is assumed to be a header row not based on an actual row
|
|
# of the stream.
|
|
#
|
|
def parse_headers(row = nil)
|
|
if @headers.nil? # header row
|
|
@headers = case @use_headers # save headers
|
|
# Array of headers
|
|
when Array then @use_headers
|
|
# CSV header String
|
|
when String
|
|
self.class.parse_line( @use_headers,
|
|
col_sep: @col_sep,
|
|
row_sep: @row_sep,
|
|
quote_char: @quote_char )
|
|
# first row is headers
|
|
else row
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# prepare converted and unconverted copies
|
|
row = @headers if row.nil?
|
|
@headers = convert_fields(@headers, true)
|
|
@headers.each { |h| h.freeze if h.is_a? String }
|
|
|
|
if @return_headers # return headers
|
|
return self.class::Row.new(@headers, row, true)
|
|
elsif not [Array, String].include? @use_headers.class # skip to field row
|
|
return shift
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
self.class::Row.new(@headers, convert_fields(row)) # field row
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# This method injects an instance variable <tt>unconverted_fields</tt> into
|
|
# +row+ and an accessor method for +row+ called unconverted_fields(). The
|
|
# variable is set to the contents of +fields+.
|
|
#
|
|
def add_unconverted_fields(row, fields)
|
|
class << row
|
|
attr_reader :unconverted_fields
|
|
end
|
|
row.instance_variable_set(:@unconverted_fields, fields)
|
|
row
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# This method is an encoding safe version of Regexp::escape(). It will escape
|
|
# any characters that would change the meaning of a regular expression in the
|
|
# encoding of +str+. Regular expression characters that cannot be transcoded
|
|
# to the target encoding will be skipped and no escaping will be performed if
|
|
# a backslash cannot be transcoded.
|
|
#
|
|
def escape_re(str)
|
|
str.gsub(@re_chars) {|c| @re_esc + c}
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Builds a regular expression in <tt>@encoding</tt>. All +chunks+ will be
|
|
# transcoded to that encoding.
|
|
#
|
|
def encode_re(*chunks)
|
|
Regexp.new(encode_str(*chunks))
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Builds a String in <tt>@encoding</tt>. All +chunks+ will be transcoded to
|
|
# that encoding.
|
|
#
|
|
def encode_str(*chunks)
|
|
chunks.map { |chunk| chunk.encode(@encoding.name) }.join('')
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns the encoding of the internal IO object or the +default+ if the
|
|
# encoding cannot be determined.
|
|
#
|
|
def raw_encoding(default = Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
|
|
if @io.respond_to? :internal_encoding
|
|
@io.internal_encoding || @io.external_encoding
|
|
elsif @io.is_a? StringIO
|
|
@io.string.encoding
|
|
elsif @io.respond_to? :encoding
|
|
@io.encoding
|
|
else
|
|
default
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Passes +args+ to CSV::instance.
|
|
#
|
|
# CSV("CSV,data").read
|
|
# #=> [["CSV", "data"]]
|
|
#
|
|
# If a block is given, the instance is passed the block and the return value
|
|
# becomes the return value of the block.
|
|
#
|
|
# CSV("CSV,data") { |c|
|
|
# c.read.any? { |a| a.include?("data") }
|
|
# } #=> true
|
|
#
|
|
# CSV("CSV,data") { |c|
|
|
# c.read.any? { |a| a.include?("zombies") }
|
|
# } #=> false
|
|
#
|
|
def CSV(*args, &block)
|
|
CSV.instance(*args, &block)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
require_relative "csv/version"
|
|
require_relative "csv/core_ext/array"
|
|
require_relative "csv/core_ext/string"
|