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git-svn-id: svn+ssh://ci.ruby-lang.org/ruby/trunk@63306 b2dd03c8-39d4-4d8f-98ff-823fe69b080e
681 lines
21 KiB
Ruby
681 lines
21 KiB
Ruby
# frozen_string_literal: true
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#
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# = open3.rb: Popen, but with stderr, too
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#
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# Author:: Yukihiro Matsumoto
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# Documentation:: Konrad Meyer
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#
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# Open3 gives you access to stdin, stdout, and stderr when running other
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# programs.
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#
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#
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# Open3 grants you access to stdin, stdout, stderr and a thread to wait for the
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# child process when running another program.
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# You can specify various attributes, redirections, current directory, etc., of
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# the program in the same way as for Process.spawn.
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#
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# - Open3.popen3 : pipes for stdin, stdout, stderr
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# - Open3.popen2 : pipes for stdin, stdout
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# - Open3.popen2e : pipes for stdin, merged stdout and stderr
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# - Open3.capture3 : give a string for stdin; get strings for stdout, stderr
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# - Open3.capture2 : give a string for stdin; get a string for stdout
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# - Open3.capture2e : give a string for stdin; get a string for merged stdout and stderr
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# - Open3.pipeline_rw : pipes for first stdin and last stdout of a pipeline
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# - Open3.pipeline_r : pipe for last stdout of a pipeline
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# - Open3.pipeline_w : pipe for first stdin of a pipeline
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# - Open3.pipeline_start : run a pipeline without waiting
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# - Open3.pipeline : run a pipeline and wait for its completion
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#
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module Open3
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# Open stdin, stdout, and stderr streams and start external executable.
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# In addition, a thread to wait for the started process is created.
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# The thread has a pid method and a thread variable :pid which is the pid of
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# the started process.
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#
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# Block form:
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#
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# Open3.popen3([env,] cmd... [, opts]) {|stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thr|
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# pid = wait_thr.pid # pid of the started process.
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# ...
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# exit_status = wait_thr.value # Process::Status object returned.
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# }
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#
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# Non-block form:
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#
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# stdin, stdout, stderr, wait_thr = Open3.popen3([env,] cmd... [, opts])
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# pid = wait_thr[:pid] # pid of the started process
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# ...
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# stdin.close # stdin, stdout and stderr should be closed explicitly in this form.
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# stdout.close
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# stderr.close
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# exit_status = wait_thr.value # Process::Status object returned.
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#
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# The parameters env, cmd, and opts are passed to Process.spawn.
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# A commandline string and a list of argument strings can be accepted as follows:
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#
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# Open3.popen3("echo abc") {|i, o, e, t| ... }
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# Open3.popen3("echo", "abc") {|i, o, e, t| ... }
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# Open3.popen3(["echo", "argv0"], "abc") {|i, o, e, t| ... }
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#
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# If the last parameter, opts, is a Hash, it is recognized as an option for Process.spawn.
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#
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# Open3.popen3("pwd", :chdir=>"/") {|i,o,e,t|
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# p o.read.chomp #=> "/"
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# }
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#
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# wait_thr.value waits for the termination of the process.
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# The block form also waits for the process when it returns.
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#
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# Closing stdin, stdout and stderr does not wait for the process to complete.
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#
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# You should be careful to avoid deadlocks.
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# Since pipes are fixed length buffers,
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# Open3.popen3("prog") {|i, o, e, t| o.read } deadlocks if
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# the program generates too much output on stderr.
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# You should read stdout and stderr simultaneously (using threads or IO.select).
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# However, if you don't need stderr output, you can use Open3.popen2.
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# If merged stdout and stderr output is not a problem, you can use Open3.popen2e.
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# If you really need stdout and stderr output as separate strings, you can consider Open3.capture3.
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#
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def popen3(*cmd, **opts, &block)
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in_r, in_w = IO.pipe
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opts[:in] = in_r
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in_w.sync = true
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out_r, out_w = IO.pipe
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opts[:out] = out_w
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err_r, err_w = IO.pipe
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opts[:err] = err_w
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popen_run(cmd, opts, [in_r, out_w, err_w], [in_w, out_r, err_r], &block)
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end
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module_function :popen3
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# Open3.popen2 is similar to Open3.popen3 except that it doesn't create a pipe for
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# the standard error stream.
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#
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# Block form:
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#
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# Open3.popen2([env,] cmd... [, opts]) {|stdin, stdout, wait_thr|
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# pid = wait_thr.pid # pid of the started process.
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# ...
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# exit_status = wait_thr.value # Process::Status object returned.
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# }
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#
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# Non-block form:
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#
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# stdin, stdout, wait_thr = Open3.popen2([env,] cmd... [, opts])
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# ...
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# stdin.close # stdin and stdout should be closed explicitly in this form.
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# stdout.close
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#
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# See Process.spawn for the optional hash arguments _env_ and _opts_.
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#
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# Example:
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#
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# Open3.popen2("wc -c") {|i,o,t|
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# i.print "answer to life the universe and everything"
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# i.close
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# p o.gets #=> "42\n"
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# }
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#
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# Open3.popen2("bc -q") {|i,o,t|
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# i.puts "obase=13"
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# i.puts "6 * 9"
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# p o.gets #=> "42\n"
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# }
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#
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# Open3.popen2("dc") {|i,o,t|
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# i.print "42P"
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# i.close
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# p o.read #=> "*"
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# }
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#
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def popen2(*cmd, **opts, &block)
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in_r, in_w = IO.pipe
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opts[:in] = in_r
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in_w.sync = true
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out_r, out_w = IO.pipe
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opts[:out] = out_w
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popen_run(cmd, opts, [in_r, out_w], [in_w, out_r], &block)
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end
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module_function :popen2
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# Open3.popen2e is similar to Open3.popen3 except that it merges
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# the standard output stream and the standard error stream.
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#
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# Block form:
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#
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# Open3.popen2e([env,] cmd... [, opts]) {|stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thr|
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# pid = wait_thr.pid # pid of the started process.
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# ...
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# exit_status = wait_thr.value # Process::Status object returned.
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# }
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#
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# Non-block form:
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#
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# stdin, stdout_and_stderr, wait_thr = Open3.popen2e([env,] cmd... [, opts])
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# ...
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# stdin.close # stdin and stdout_and_stderr should be closed explicitly in this form.
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# stdout_and_stderr.close
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#
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# See Process.spawn for the optional hash arguments _env_ and _opts_.
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#
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# Example:
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# # check gcc warnings
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# source = "foo.c"
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# Open3.popen2e("gcc", "-Wall", source) {|i,oe,t|
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# oe.each {|line|
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# if /warning/ =~ line
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# ...
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# end
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# }
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# }
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#
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def popen2e(*cmd, **opts, &block)
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in_r, in_w = IO.pipe
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opts[:in] = in_r
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in_w.sync = true
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out_r, out_w = IO.pipe
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opts[[:out, :err]] = out_w
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popen_run(cmd, opts, [in_r, out_w], [in_w, out_r], &block)
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end
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module_function :popen2e
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def popen_run(cmd, opts, child_io, parent_io) # :nodoc:
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if last = Hash.try_convert(cmd.last)
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opts = opts.merge(last)
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cmd.pop
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end
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pid = spawn(*cmd, opts)
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wait_thr = Process.detach(pid)
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child_io.each(&:close)
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result = [*parent_io, wait_thr]
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if defined? yield
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begin
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return yield(*result)
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ensure
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parent_io.each(&:close)
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wait_thr.join
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end
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end
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result
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end
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module_function :popen_run
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class << self
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private :popen_run
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end
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# Open3.capture3 captures the standard output and the standard error of a command.
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#
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# stdout_str, stderr_str, status = Open3.capture3([env,] cmd... [, opts])
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#
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# The arguments env, cmd and opts are passed to Open3.popen3 except
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# <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> and <code>opts[:binmode]</code>. See Process.spawn.
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#
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# If <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> is specified, it is sent to the command's standard input.
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#
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# If <code>opts[:binmode]</code> is true, internal pipes are set to binary mode.
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#
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# Examples:
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#
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# # dot is a command of graphviz.
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# graph = <<'End'
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# digraph g {
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# a -> b
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# }
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# End
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# drawn_graph, dot_log = Open3.capture3("dot -v", :stdin_data=>graph)
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#
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# o, e, s = Open3.capture3("echo abc; sort >&2", :stdin_data=>"foo\nbar\nbaz\n")
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# p o #=> "abc\n"
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# p e #=> "bar\nbaz\nfoo\n"
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# p s #=> #<Process::Status: pid 32682 exit 0>
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#
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# # generate a thumbnail image using the convert command of ImageMagick.
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# # However, if the image is really stored in a file,
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# # system("convert", "-thumbnail", "80", "png:#{filename}", "png:-") is better
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# # because of reduced memory consumption.
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# # But if the image is stored in a DB or generated by the gnuplot Open3.capture2 example,
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# # Open3.capture3 should be considered.
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# #
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# image = File.read("/usr/share/openclipart/png/animals/mammals/sheep-md-v0.1.png", :binmode=>true)
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# thumbnail, err, s = Open3.capture3("convert -thumbnail 80 png:- png:-", :stdin_data=>image, :binmode=>true)
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# if s.success?
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# STDOUT.binmode; print thumbnail
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# end
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#
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def capture3(*cmd, stdin_data: '', binmode: false, **opts)
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popen3(*cmd, opts) {|i, o, e, t|
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if binmode
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i.binmode
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o.binmode
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e.binmode
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end
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out_reader = Thread.new { o.read }
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err_reader = Thread.new { e.read }
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begin
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if stdin_data.respond_to? :readpartial
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IO.copy_stream(stdin_data, i)
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else
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i.write stdin_data
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end
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rescue Errno::EPIPE
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end
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i.close
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[out_reader.value, err_reader.value, t.value]
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}
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end
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module_function :capture3
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# Open3.capture2 captures the standard output of a command.
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#
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# stdout_str, status = Open3.capture2([env,] cmd... [, opts])
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#
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# The arguments env, cmd and opts are passed to Open3.popen3 except
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# <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> and <code>opts[:binmode]</code>. See Process.spawn.
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#
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# If <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> is specified, it is sent to the command's standard input.
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#
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# If <code>opts[:binmode]</code> is true, internal pipes are set to binary mode.
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#
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# Example:
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#
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# # factor is a command for integer factorization.
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# o, s = Open3.capture2("factor", :stdin_data=>"42")
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# p o #=> "42: 2 3 7\n"
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#
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# # generate x**2 graph in png using gnuplot.
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# gnuplot_commands = <<"End"
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# set terminal png
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# plot x**2, "-" with lines
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# 1 14
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# 2 1
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# 3 8
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# 4 5
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# e
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# End
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# image, s = Open3.capture2("gnuplot", :stdin_data=>gnuplot_commands, :binmode=>true)
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#
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def capture2(*cmd, stdin_data: nil, binmode: false, **opts)
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popen2(*cmd, opts) {|i, o, t|
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if binmode
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i.binmode
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o.binmode
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end
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out_reader = Thread.new { o.read }
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if stdin_data
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begin
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if stdin_data.respond_to? :readpartial
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IO.copy_stream(stdin_data, i)
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else
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i.write stdin_data
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end
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rescue Errno::EPIPE
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end
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end
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i.close
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[out_reader.value, t.value]
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}
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end
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module_function :capture2
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# Open3.capture2e captures the standard output and the standard error of a command.
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#
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# stdout_and_stderr_str, status = Open3.capture2e([env,] cmd... [, opts])
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#
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# The arguments env, cmd and opts are passed to Open3.popen3 except
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# <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> and <code>opts[:binmode]</code>. See Process.spawn.
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#
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# If <code>opts[:stdin_data]</code> is specified, it is sent to the command's standard input.
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#
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# If <code>opts[:binmode]</code> is true, internal pipes are set to binary mode.
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#
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# Example:
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#
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# # capture make log
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# make_log, s = Open3.capture2e("make")
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#
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def capture2e(*cmd, stdin_data: nil, binmode: false, **opts)
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popen2e(*cmd, opts) {|i, oe, t|
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if binmode
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i.binmode
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oe.binmode
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end
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outerr_reader = Thread.new { oe.read }
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if stdin_data
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begin
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if stdin_data.respond_to? :readpartial
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IO.copy_stream(stdin_data, i)
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else
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i.write stdin_data
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end
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rescue Errno::EPIPE
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end
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end
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i.close
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[outerr_reader.value, t.value]
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}
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end
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module_function :capture2e
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# Open3.pipeline_rw starts a list of commands as a pipeline with pipes
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# which connect to stdin of the first command and stdout of the last command.
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#
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# Open3.pipeline_rw(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|first_stdin, last_stdout, wait_threads|
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# ...
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# }
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#
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# first_stdin, last_stdout, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_rw(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
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# ...
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# first_stdin.close
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# last_stdout.close
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#
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# Each cmd is a string or an array.
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# If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
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#
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# cmd:
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# commandline command line string which is passed to a shell
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# [env, commandline, opts] command line string which is passed to a shell
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# [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts] command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
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# [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
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#
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# Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
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#
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# The options to pass to Process.spawn are constructed by merging
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# +opts+, the last hash element of the array, and
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# specifications for the pipes between each of the commands.
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#
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# Example:
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#
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# Open3.pipeline_rw("tr -dc A-Za-z", "wc -c") {|i, o, ts|
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# i.puts "All persons more than a mile high to leave the court."
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# i.close
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# p o.gets #=> "42\n"
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# }
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#
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# Open3.pipeline_rw("sort", "cat -n") {|stdin, stdout, wait_thrs|
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# stdin.puts "foo"
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# stdin.puts "bar"
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# stdin.puts "baz"
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# stdin.close # send EOF to sort.
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# p stdout.read #=> " 1\tbar\n 2\tbaz\n 3\tfoo\n"
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# }
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def pipeline_rw(*cmds, **opts, &block)
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in_r, in_w = IO.pipe
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opts[:in] = in_r
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in_w.sync = true
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out_r, out_w = IO.pipe
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opts[:out] = out_w
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pipeline_run(cmds, opts, [in_r, out_w], [in_w, out_r], &block)
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end
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module_function :pipeline_rw
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# Open3.pipeline_r starts a list of commands as a pipeline with a pipe
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# which connects to stdout of the last command.
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#
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# Open3.pipeline_r(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|last_stdout, wait_threads|
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# ...
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# }
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#
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# last_stdout, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_r(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
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# ...
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# last_stdout.close
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#
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# Each cmd is a string or an array.
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# If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
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#
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# cmd:
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# commandline command line string which is passed to a shell
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# [env, commandline, opts] command line string which is passed to a shell
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# [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts] command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
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# [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
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#
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# Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
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#
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# Example:
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#
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# Open3.pipeline_r("zcat /var/log/apache2/access.log.*.gz",
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# [{"LANG"=>"C"}, "grep", "GET /favicon.ico"],
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# "logresolve") {|o, ts|
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# o.each_line {|line|
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# ...
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# }
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# }
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#
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# Open3.pipeline_r("yes", "head -10") {|o, ts|
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# p o.read #=> "y\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\ny\n"
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# p ts[0].value #=> #<Process::Status: pid 24910 SIGPIPE (signal 13)>
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# p ts[1].value #=> #<Process::Status: pid 24913 exit 0>
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# }
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#
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def pipeline_r(*cmds, **opts, &block)
|
|
out_r, out_w = IO.pipe
|
|
opts[:out] = out_w
|
|
|
|
pipeline_run(cmds, opts, [out_w], [out_r], &block)
|
|
end
|
|
module_function :pipeline_r
|
|
|
|
# Open3.pipeline_w starts a list of commands as a pipeline with a pipe
|
|
# which connects to stdin of the first command.
|
|
#
|
|
# Open3.pipeline_w(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|first_stdin, wait_threads|
|
|
# ...
|
|
# }
|
|
#
|
|
# first_stdin, wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_w(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
|
|
# ...
|
|
# first_stdin.close
|
|
#
|
|
# Each cmd is a string or an array.
|
|
# If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
|
|
#
|
|
# cmd:
|
|
# commandline command line string which is passed to a shell
|
|
# [env, commandline, opts] command line string which is passed to a shell
|
|
# [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts] command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
|
|
# [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
|
|
#
|
|
# Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
|
|
#
|
|
# Example:
|
|
#
|
|
# Open3.pipeline_w("bzip2 -c", :out=>"/tmp/hello.bz2") {|i, ts|
|
|
# i.puts "hello"
|
|
# }
|
|
#
|
|
def pipeline_w(*cmds, **opts, &block)
|
|
in_r, in_w = IO.pipe
|
|
opts[:in] = in_r
|
|
in_w.sync = true
|
|
|
|
pipeline_run(cmds, opts, [in_r], [in_w], &block)
|
|
end
|
|
module_function :pipeline_w
|
|
|
|
# Open3.pipeline_start starts a list of commands as a pipeline.
|
|
# No pipes are created for stdin of the first command and
|
|
# stdout of the last command.
|
|
#
|
|
# Open3.pipeline_start(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|wait_threads|
|
|
# ...
|
|
# }
|
|
#
|
|
# wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_start(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
|
|
# ...
|
|
#
|
|
# Each cmd is a string or an array.
|
|
# If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
|
|
#
|
|
# cmd:
|
|
# commandline command line string which is passed to a shell
|
|
# [env, commandline, opts] command line string which is passed to a shell
|
|
# [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts] command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
|
|
# [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
|
|
#
|
|
# Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
|
|
#
|
|
# Example:
|
|
#
|
|
# # Run xeyes in 10 seconds.
|
|
# Open3.pipeline_start("xeyes") {|ts|
|
|
# sleep 10
|
|
# t = ts[0]
|
|
# Process.kill("TERM", t.pid)
|
|
# p t.value #=> #<Process::Status: pid 911 SIGTERM (signal 15)>
|
|
# }
|
|
#
|
|
# # Convert pdf to ps and send it to a printer.
|
|
# # Collect error message of pdftops and lpr.
|
|
# pdf_file = "paper.pdf"
|
|
# printer = "printer-name"
|
|
# err_r, err_w = IO.pipe
|
|
# Open3.pipeline_start(["pdftops", pdf_file, "-"],
|
|
# ["lpr", "-P#{printer}"],
|
|
# :err=>err_w) {|ts|
|
|
# err_w.close
|
|
# p err_r.read # error messages of pdftops and lpr.
|
|
# }
|
|
#
|
|
def pipeline_start(*cmds, **opts, &block)
|
|
if block
|
|
pipeline_run(cmds, opts, [], [], &block)
|
|
else
|
|
ts, = pipeline_run(cmds, opts, [], [])
|
|
ts
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
module_function :pipeline_start
|
|
|
|
# Open3.pipeline starts a list of commands as a pipeline.
|
|
# It waits for the completion of the commands.
|
|
# No pipes are created for stdin of the first command and
|
|
# stdout of the last command.
|
|
#
|
|
# status_list = Open3.pipeline(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
|
|
#
|
|
# Each cmd is a string or an array.
|
|
# If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
|
|
#
|
|
# cmd:
|
|
# commandline command line string which is passed to a shell
|
|
# [env, commandline, opts] command line string which is passed to a shell
|
|
# [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts] command name and one or more arguments (no shell)
|
|
# [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell)
|
|
#
|
|
# Note that env and opts are optional, as Process.spawn.
|
|
#
|
|
# Example:
|
|
#
|
|
# fname = "/usr/share/man/man1/ruby.1.gz"
|
|
# p Open3.pipeline(["zcat", fname], "nroff -man", "less")
|
|
# #=> [#<Process::Status: pid 11817 exit 0>,
|
|
# # #<Process::Status: pid 11820 exit 0>,
|
|
# # #<Process::Status: pid 11828 exit 0>]
|
|
#
|
|
# fname = "/usr/share/man/man1/ls.1.gz"
|
|
# Open3.pipeline(["zcat", fname], "nroff -man", "colcrt")
|
|
#
|
|
# # convert PDF to PS and send to a printer by lpr
|
|
# pdf_file = "paper.pdf"
|
|
# printer = "printer-name"
|
|
# Open3.pipeline(["pdftops", pdf_file, "-"],
|
|
# ["lpr", "-P#{printer}"])
|
|
#
|
|
# # count lines
|
|
# Open3.pipeline("sort", "uniq -c", :in=>"names.txt", :out=>"count")
|
|
#
|
|
# # cyclic pipeline
|
|
# r,w = IO.pipe
|
|
# w.print "ibase=14\n10\n"
|
|
# Open3.pipeline("bc", "tee /dev/tty", :in=>r, :out=>w)
|
|
# #=> 14
|
|
# # 18
|
|
# # 22
|
|
# # 30
|
|
# # 42
|
|
# # 58
|
|
# # 78
|
|
# # 106
|
|
# # 202
|
|
#
|
|
def pipeline(*cmds, **opts)
|
|
pipeline_run(cmds, opts, [], []) {|ts|
|
|
ts.map(&:value)
|
|
}
|
|
end
|
|
module_function :pipeline
|
|
|
|
def pipeline_run(cmds, pipeline_opts, child_io, parent_io) # :nodoc:
|
|
if cmds.empty?
|
|
raise ArgumentError, "no commands"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
opts_base = pipeline_opts.dup
|
|
opts_base.delete :in
|
|
opts_base.delete :out
|
|
|
|
wait_thrs = []
|
|
r = nil
|
|
cmds.each_with_index {|cmd, i|
|
|
cmd_opts = opts_base.dup
|
|
if String === cmd
|
|
cmd = [cmd]
|
|
else
|
|
cmd_opts.update cmd.pop if Hash === cmd.last
|
|
end
|
|
if i == 0
|
|
if !cmd_opts.include?(:in)
|
|
if pipeline_opts.include?(:in)
|
|
cmd_opts[:in] = pipeline_opts[:in]
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
cmd_opts[:in] = r
|
|
end
|
|
if i != cmds.length - 1
|
|
r2, w2 = IO.pipe
|
|
cmd_opts[:out] = w2
|
|
else
|
|
if !cmd_opts.include?(:out)
|
|
if pipeline_opts.include?(:out)
|
|
cmd_opts[:out] = pipeline_opts[:out]
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
pid = spawn(*cmd, cmd_opts)
|
|
wait_thrs << Process.detach(pid)
|
|
r&.close
|
|
w2&.close
|
|
r = r2
|
|
}
|
|
result = parent_io + [wait_thrs]
|
|
child_io.each(&:close)
|
|
if defined? yield
|
|
begin
|
|
return yield(*result)
|
|
ensure
|
|
parent_io.each(&:close)
|
|
wait_thrs.each(&:join)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
result
|
|
end
|
|
module_function :pipeline_run
|
|
class << self
|
|
private :pipeline_run
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
end
|