Make the examples use Ruby syntax highlighting on GitHub.
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@ -6,11 +6,15 @@ Update Your Gemfile
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If you're using Rails, you'll need to change the required version of `factory_girl_rails`:
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```ruby
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gem "factory_girl_rails", "~> 1.2"
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```
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If you're *not* using Rails, you'll just have to change the required version of `factory_girl`:
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```ruby
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gem "factory_girl", "~> 2.1.0"
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```
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Once your Gemfile is updated, you'll want to update your bundle.
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@ -19,6 +23,7 @@ Defining factories
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Each factory has a name and a set of attributes. The name is used to guess the class of the object by default, but it's possible to explicitly specify it:
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```ruby
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# This will guess the User class
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FactoryGirl.define do
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factory :user do
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@ -41,6 +46,7 @@ Each factory has a name and a set of attributes. The name is used to guess the c
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admin true
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end
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end
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```
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It is highly recommended that you have one factory for each class that provides the simplest set of attributes necessary to create an instance of that class. If you're creating ActiveRecord objects, that means that you should only provide attributes that are required through validations and that do not have defaults. Other factories can be created through inheritance to cover common scenarios for each class.
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@ -59,6 +65,7 @@ Using factories
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factory\_girl supports several different build strategies: build, create, attributes\_for and stub:
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```ruby
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# Returns a User instance that's not saved
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user = FactoryGirl.build(:user)
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@ -75,16 +82,20 @@ factory\_girl supports several different build strategies: build, create, attrib
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FactoryGirl.create(:user) do |user|
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user.posts.create(attributes_for(:post))
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end
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```
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No matter which strategy is used, it's possible to override the defined attributes by passing a hash:
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```ruby
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# Build a User instance and override the first_name property
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user = FactoryGirl.build(:user, :first_name => 'Joe')
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user.first_name
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# => "Joe"
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```
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If repeating "FactoryGirl" is too verbose for you, you can mix the syntax methods in:
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```ruby
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# rspec
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RSpec.configure do |config|
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config.include FactoryGirl::Syntax::Methods
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@ -94,14 +105,17 @@ If repeating "FactoryGirl" is too verbose for you, you can mix the syntax method
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class Test::Unit::TestCase
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include Factory::Syntax::Methods
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end
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```
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This would allow you to write:
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```ruby
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describe User, "#full_name" do
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subject { create(:user, :first_name => "John", :last_name => "Doe") }
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its(:full_name) { should == "John Doe" }
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end
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```
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Lazy Attributes
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---------------
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@ -112,17 +126,20 @@ attributes that must be dynamically generated) will need values assigned each
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time an instance is generated. These "lazy" attributes can be added by passing a
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block instead of a parameter:
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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# ...
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activation_code { User.generate_activation_code }
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date_of_birth { 21.years.ago }
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end
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```
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Aliases
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-------
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Aliases allow you to use named associations more easily.
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```ruby
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factory :user, :aliases => [:author, :commenter] do
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first_name "John"
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last_name "Doe"
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@ -143,12 +160,14 @@ Aliases allow you to use named associations more easily.
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# association :commenter, :factory => :user
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body "Great article!"
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end
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```
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Dependent Attributes
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--------------------
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Attributes can be based on the values of other attributes using the proxy that is yielded to lazy attribute blocks:
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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first_name 'Joe'
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last_name 'Blow'
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@ -157,12 +176,14 @@ Attributes can be based on the values of other attributes using the proxy that i
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FactoryGirl.create(:user, :last_name => 'Doe').email
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# => "joe.doe@example.com"
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```
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Transient Attributes
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--------------------
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There may be times where your code can be DRYed up by passing in transient attributes to factories.
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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ignore do
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rockstar true
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@ -179,6 +200,7 @@ There may be times where your code can be DRYed up by passing in transient attri
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FactoryGirl.create(:user, :upcased => true).name
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#=> "JOHN DOE - ROCKSTAR"
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```
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Static and dynamic attributes can be ignored. Ignored attributes will be ignored
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within attributes\_for and won't be set on the model, even if the attribute
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@ -194,20 +216,25 @@ Associations
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It's possible to set up associations within factories. If the factory name is the same as the association name, the factory name can be left out.
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```ruby
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factory :post do
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# ...
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author
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end
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```
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You can also specify a different factory or override attributes:
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```ruby
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factory :post do
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# ...
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association :author, :factory => :user, :last_name => 'Writely'
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end
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```
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The behavior of the association method varies depending on the build strategy used for the parent object.
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```ruby
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# Builds and saves a User and a Post
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post = FactoryGirl.create(:post)
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post.new_record? # => false
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@ -217,9 +244,11 @@ The behavior of the association method varies depending on the build strategy us
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post = FactoryGirl.build(:post)
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post.new_record? # => true
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post.author.new_record? # => false
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```
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To not save the associated object, specify :method => :build in the factory:
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```ruby
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factory :post do
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# ...
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association :author, :factory => :user, :method => :build
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@ -229,12 +258,14 @@ To not save the associated object, specify :method => :build in the factory:
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post = FactoryGirl.build(:post)
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post.new_record? # => true
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post.author.new_record? # => true
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```
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Inheritance
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-----------
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You can easily create multiple factories for the same class without repeating common attributes by nesting factories:
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```ruby
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factory :post do
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title 'A title'
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@ -246,9 +277,11 @@ You can easily create multiple factories for the same class without repeating co
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approved_post = FactoryGirl.create(:approved_post)
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approved_post.title # => 'A title'
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approved_post.approved # => true
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```
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You can also assign the parent explicitly:
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```ruby
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factory :post do
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title 'A title'
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end
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@ -256,6 +289,7 @@ You can also assign the parent explicitly:
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factory :approved_post, :parent => :post do
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approved true
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end
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```
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As mentioned above, it's good practice to define a basic factory for each class
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with only the attributes required to create it. Then, create more specific
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@ -270,6 +304,7 @@ generated using sequences. Sequences are defined by calling sequence in a
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definition block, and values in a sequence are generated by calling
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FactoryGirl.generate:
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```ruby
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# Defines a new sequence
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FactoryGirl.define do
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sequence :email do |n|
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@ -282,37 +317,48 @@ FactoryGirl.generate:
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FactoryGirl.generate :email
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# => "person2@example.com"
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```
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Sequences can be used as attributes:
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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email
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end
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```
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Or in lazy attributes:
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```ruby
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factory :invite do
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invitee { FactoryGirl.generate(:email) }
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end
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```
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And it's also possible to define an in-line sequence that is only used in
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a particular factory:
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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sequence(:email) {|n| "person#{n}@example.com" }
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end
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```
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You can also override the initial value:
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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sequence(:email, 1000) {|n| "person#{n}@example.com" }
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end
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```
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Without a block, the value will increment itself, starting at its initial value:
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```ruby
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factory :post do
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sequence(:position)
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end
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```
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Traits
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------
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@ -320,6 +366,7 @@ Traits
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Traits allow you to group attributes together and then apply them
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to any factory.
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```ruby
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factory :user, :aliases => [:author]
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factory :story do
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@ -349,18 +396,22 @@ to any factory.
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factory :week_long_unpublished_story, :traits => [:unpublished, :week_long_publishing]
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factory :month_long_unpublished_story, :traits => [:unpublished, :month_long_publishing]
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end
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```
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Traits can be used as attributes:
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```ruby
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factory :week_long_published_story_with_title, :parent => :story do
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published
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week_long_publishing
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title { "Publishing that was started at {start_at}" }
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end
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```
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Traits that define the same attributes won't raise AttributeDefinitionErrors;
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the trait that defines the attribute latest gets precedence.
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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name "Friendly User"
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login { name }
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@ -385,9 +436,11 @@ the trait that defines the attribute latest gets precedence.
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factory :male_admin, :traits => [:male, :admin] # login will be "admin-John Doe"
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factory :female_admin, :traits => [:admin, :female] # login will be "Jane Doe (F)"
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end
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```
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You can also override individual attributes granted by a trait in subclasses.
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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name "Friendly User"
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login { name }
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@ -403,9 +456,11 @@ You can also override individual attributes granted by a trait in subclasses.
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name "Brandon"
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end
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end
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```
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Traits can also be passed in as a list of symbols when you construct an instance from FactoryGirl.
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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name "Friendly User"
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# creates an admin user with gender "Male" and name "Jon Snow"
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FactoryGirl.create(:user, :admin, :male, :name => "Jon Snow")
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```
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This ability works with `build`, `build_stubbed`, `attributes_for`, and `create`.
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Examples:
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```ruby
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# Define a factory that calls the generate_hashed_password method after it is built
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factory :user do
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after_build { |user| generate_hashed_password(user) }
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end
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```
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Note that you'll have an instance of the user in the block. This can be useful.
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You can also define multiple types of callbacks on the same factory:
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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after_build { |user| do_something_to(user) }
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after_create { |user| do_something_else_to(user) }
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end
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```
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Factories can also define any number of the same kind of callback. These callbacks will be executed in the order they are specified:
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```ruby
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factory :user do
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after_create { this_runs_first }
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after_create { then_this }
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end
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```
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Calling FactoryGirl.create will invoke both after\_build and after\_create callbacks.
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@ -468,6 +530,7 @@ modify that factory instead of creating a child factory and adding attributes th
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If a gem were to give you a User factory:
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```ruby
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FactoryGirl.define do
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factory :user do
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full_name "John Doe"
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@ -475,9 +538,11 @@ If a gem were to give you a User factory:
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password "password"
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end
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end
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```
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Instead of creating a child factory that added additional attributes:
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```ruby
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FactoryGirl.define do
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factory :application_user, :parent => :user do
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full_name { Faker::Name.name }
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@ -486,9 +551,11 @@ Instead of creating a child factory that added additional attributes:
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health 90
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end
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end
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```
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You could modify that factory instead.
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```ruby
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FactoryGirl.modify do
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factory :user do
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full_name { Faker::Name.name }
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@ -497,6 +564,7 @@ You could modify that factory instead.
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health 90
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end
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end
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```
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When modifying a factory, you can change any of the attributes you want (aside from callbacks).
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@ -510,20 +578,26 @@ Building or Creating Multiple Records
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Sometimes, you'll want to create or build multiple instances of a factory at once.
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```ruby
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built_users = FactoryGirl.build_list(:user, 25)
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created_users = FactoryGirl.create_list(:user, 25)
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```
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These methods will build or create a specific amount of factories and return them as an array.
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To set the attributes for each of the factories, you can pass in a hash as you normally would.
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```ruby
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twenty_year_olds = FactoryGirl.build_list(:user, 25, :date_of_birth => 20.years.ago)
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```
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Cucumber Integration
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--------------------
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factory\_girl ships with step definitions that make calling factories from Cucumber easier. To use them, add the following to features/support/env.rb:
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```ruby
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require 'factory_girl/step_definitions'
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```
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Alternate Syntaxes
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------------------
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@ -533,6 +607,7 @@ common feature set. Because of this factory\_girl supports "syntax layers" which
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provide alternate interfaces. See Factory::Syntax for information about the
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various layers available. For example, the Machinist-style syntax is popular:
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```ruby
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require 'factory_girl/syntax/blueprint'
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require 'factory_girl/syntax/make'
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require 'factory_girl/syntax/sham'
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@ -545,3 +620,4 @@ various layers available. For example, the Machinist-style syntax is popular:
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end
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User.make(:name => 'Johnny')
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```
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