diff --git a/lib/factory_bot/declaration/association.rb b/lib/factory_bot/declaration/association.rb
index 9300cf4..123e73b 100644
--- a/lib/factory_bot/declaration/association.rb
+++ b/lib/factory_bot/declaration/association.rb
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ module FactoryBot
       attr_reader :factory_name, :overrides, :traits
 
       def build
-        ensure_factory_is_not_a_declaration!
+        raise_if_arguments_are_declarations!
 
         [
           Attribute::Association.new(
@@ -36,13 +36,22 @@ module FactoryBot
         ]
       end
 
-      def ensure_factory_is_not_a_declaration!
+      def raise_if_arguments_are_declarations!
         if factory_name.is_a?(Declaration)
           raise ArgumentError.new(<<~MSG)
             Association '#{name}' received an invalid factory argument.
             Did you mean? 'factory: :#{factory_name.name}'
           MSG
         end
+
+        overrides.each do |attribute, value|
+          if value.is_a?(Declaration)
+            raise ArgumentError.new(<<~MSG)
+              Association '#{name}' received an invalid attribute override.
+              Did you mean? '#{attribute}: :#{value.name}'
+            MSG
+          end
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/acceptance/associations_spec.rb b/spec/acceptance/associations_spec.rb
index ed660fa..4b90dc6 100644
--- a/spec/acceptance/associations_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/acceptance/associations_spec.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 describe "associations" do
   context "when accidentally using an implicit delcaration for the factory" do
-    it "raises an error about the trait not being registered" do
+    it "raises an error" do
       define_class("Post")
 
       FactoryBot.define do
@@ -16,4 +16,22 @@ describe "associations" do
       )
     end
   end
+
+  context "when accidentally using an implicit delcaration as an override" do
+    it "raises an error" do
+      define_class("Post")
+
+      FactoryBot.define do
+        factory :post do
+          author factory: :user, invalid_attribute: implicit_trait
+        end
+      end
+
+      expect { FactoryBot.build(:post) }.to raise_error(
+        ArgumentError,
+        "Association 'author' received an invalid attribute override.\n" \
+        "Did you mean? 'invalid_attribute: :implicit_trait'\n"
+      )
+    end
+  end
 end