diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher.rb
index 361295c8..18379522 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher.rb
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ module Shoulda
       ## ##### with_prefix
       #
       # Use `with_prefix` to test that the enum is defined with a `_prefix`
-      # option (Rails 5 only). Can take either a boolean or a symbol:
+      # option (Rails 6+ only). Can take either a boolean or a symbol:
       #
       #     class Issue < ActiveRecord::Base
       #       enum status: [:open, :closed], _prefix: :old
@@ -163,6 +163,30 @@ module Shoulda
       #         with_suffix
       #     end
       #
+      # ##### without_scopes
+      #
+      # Use `without_scopes` to test that the enum is defined with
+      # '_scopes: false' option (Rails 5 only). Can take either a boolean or a
+      # symbol:
+      #
+      #     class Issue < ActiveRecord::Base
+      #       enum status: [:open, :closed], _scopes: false
+      #     end
+      #
+      #     # RSpec
+      #     RSpec.describe Issue, type: :model do
+      #       it do
+      #         should define_enum_for(:status).
+      #           without_scopes
+      #       end
+      #     end
+      #
+      #     # Minitest (Shoulda)
+      #     class ProcessTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+      #       should define_enum_for(:status).
+      #         without_scopes
+      #     end
+      #
       # @return [DefineEnumForMatcher]
       #
       def define_enum_for(attribute_name)
@@ -173,7 +197,7 @@ module Shoulda
       class DefineEnumForMatcher
         def initialize(attribute_name)
           @attribute_name = attribute_name
-          @options = { expected_enum_values: [] }
+          @options = { expected_enum_values: [], scopes: true }
         end
 
         def description
@@ -226,13 +250,19 @@ module Shoulda
           self
         end
 
+        def without_scopes
+          options[:scopes] = false
+          self
+        end
+
         def matches?(subject)
           @record = subject
 
           enum_defined? &&
             enum_values_match? &&
             column_type_matches? &&
-            enum_value_methods_exist?
+            enum_value_methods_exist? &&
+            scope_presence_matches?
         end
 
         def failure_message
@@ -294,6 +324,10 @@ module Shoulda
               expectation << "_#{expected_suffix}".inspect
             end
 
+            if exclude_scopes?
+              expectation << ' with no scopes'
+            end
+
             expectation
           else
             simple_description
@@ -387,28 +421,10 @@ module Shoulda
         end
 
         def enum_value_methods_exist?
-          passed = expected_singleton_methods.all? do |method|
-            model.singleton_methods.include?(method)
-          end
-
-          if passed
+          if instance_methods_exist?
             true
           else
-            message = "#{attribute_name.inspect} does map to these "
-            message << 'values, but the enum is '
-
-            if expected_prefix
-              if expected_suffix
-                message << 'configured with either a different prefix or '
-                message << 'suffix, or no prefix or suffix at all'
-              else
-                message << 'configured with either a different prefix or no '
-                message << 'prefix at all'
-              end
-            elsif expected_suffix
-              message << 'configured with either a different suffix or no '
-              message << 'suffix at all'
-            end
+            message = missing_methods_message
 
             message << " (we can't tell which)"
 
@@ -418,6 +434,68 @@ module Shoulda
           end
         end
 
+        def scope_presence_matches?
+          if exclude_scopes?
+            if singleton_methods_exist?
+              message = "#{attribute_name.inspect} does map to these values "
+              message << 'but class scope methods were present'
+
+              @failure_message_continuation = message
+
+              false
+            else
+              true
+            end
+          elsif singleton_methods_exist?
+            true
+          else
+            if enum_defined?
+              message = 'But the class scope methods are not present'
+            else
+              message = missing_methods_message
+
+              message << 'or the class scope methods are not present'
+              message << " (we can't tell which)"
+            end
+
+            @failure_message_continuation = message
+
+            false
+          end
+        end
+
+        def missing_methods_message
+          message = "#{attribute_name.inspect} does map to these "
+          message << 'values, but the enum is '
+
+          if expected_prefix
+            if expected_suffix
+              message << 'configured with either a different prefix or '
+              message << 'suffix, or no prefix or suffix at all'
+            else
+              message << 'configured with either a different prefix or no '
+              message << 'prefix at all'
+            end
+          elsif expected_suffix
+            message << 'configured with either a different suffix or no '
+            message << 'suffix at all'
+          else
+            ''
+          end
+        end
+
+        def singleton_methods_exist?
+          expected_singleton_methods.all? do |method|
+            model.singleton_methods.include?(method)
+          end
+        end
+
+        def instance_methods_exist?
+          expected_instance_methods.all? do |method|
+            record.methods.include?(method)
+          end
+        end
+
         def expected_singleton_methods
           expected_enum_value_names.map do |name|
             [expected_prefix, name, expected_suffix].
@@ -427,6 +505,18 @@ module Shoulda
           end
         end
 
+        def expected_instance_methods
+          methods = expected_enum_value_names.map do |name|
+            [expected_prefix, name, expected_suffix].
+              select(&:present?).
+              join('_')
+          end
+
+          methods.flat_map do |m|
+            ["#{m}?".to_sym, "#{m}!".to_sym]
+          end
+        end
+
         def expected_prefix
           if options.include?(:prefix)
             if options[:prefix] == true
@@ -447,6 +537,10 @@ module Shoulda
           end
         end
 
+        def exclude_scopes?
+          !options[:scopes]
+        end
+
         def to_hash(value)
           if value.is_a?(Array)
             value.each_with_index.inject({}) do |hash, (item, index)|
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher_spec.rb
index a589ef0f..a58c03eb 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/define_enum_for_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -807,6 +807,78 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord::DefineEnumForMatcher, type: :model do
     end
   end
 
+  if rails_version =~ '~> 6.0'
+    context 'qualified with #without_scopes' do
+      context 'if scopes are set to false on the enum but without_scopes is not used' do
+        it 'has the right description' do
+          record = build_record_with_array_values(
+            attribute_name: :attr,
+            scopes: false,
+          )
+
+          matcher = lambda do
+            expect(record).
+              to define_enum_for(:attr).
+              with_values(['published', 'unpublished', 'draft'])
+          end
+
+          message = format_message(<<-MESSAGE)
+          Expected Example to define :attr as an enum backed by an
+          integer, mapping ‹"published"› to ‹0›, ‹"unpublished"› to ‹1›,
+          and ‹"draft"› to ‹2›. But the class scope methods are not present.
+          MESSAGE
+
+          expect(&matcher).to fail_with_message(message)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'if scopes are set to false on the enum' do
+        it 'matches' do
+          record = build_record_with_array_values(
+            attribute_name: :attr,
+            scopes: false,
+          )
+
+          matcher = lambda do
+            define_enum_for(:attr).
+              with_values(['published', 'unpublished', 'draft']).
+              without_scopes
+          end
+
+          expect(&matcher).
+            to match_against(record).
+            or_fail_with(<<-MESSAGE, wrap: true)
+            Expected Example not to define :attr as an enum backed by an
+            integer, mapping ‹"published"› to ‹0›, ‹"unpublished"› to ‹1›,
+            and ‹"draft"› to ‹2› with no scopes, but it did.
+          MESSAGE
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'if scopes are not set to false on the enum' do
+        it 'has the right description' do
+          record = build_record_with_array_values(attribute_name: :attr)
+
+          matcher = lambda do
+            expect(record).
+              to define_enum_for(:attr).
+              with_values(['published', 'unpublished', 'draft']).
+              without_scopes
+          end
+
+          message = format_message(<<-MESSAGE)
+          Expected Example to define :attr as an enum backed by an
+          integer, mapping ‹"published"› to ‹0›, ‹"unpublished"› to ‹1›,
+          and ‹"draft"› to ‹2› with no scopes. :attr does map to these
+          values but class scope methods were present.
+          MESSAGE
+
+          expect(&matcher).to fail_with_message(message)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def build_record_with_array_values(
     model_name: 'Example',
     attribute_name: :attr,
@@ -814,7 +886,8 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord::DefineEnumForMatcher, type: :model do
     values: ['published', 'unpublished', 'draft'],
     prefix: false,
     suffix: false,
-    attribute_alias: nil
+    attribute_alias: nil,
+    scopes: true
   )
     build_record_with_enum_attribute(
       model_name: model_name,
@@ -824,6 +897,7 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord::DefineEnumForMatcher, type: :model do
       prefix: prefix,
       suffix: suffix,
       attribute_alias: attribute_alias,
+      scopes: scopes,
     )
   end
 
@@ -832,7 +906,8 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord::DefineEnumForMatcher, type: :model do
     attribute_name: :attr,
     values: { active: 0, archived: 1 },
     prefix: false,
-    suffix: false
+    suffix: false,
+    scopes: true
   )
     build_record_with_enum_attribute(
       model_name: model_name,
@@ -841,6 +916,7 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord::DefineEnumForMatcher, type: :model do
       values: values,
       prefix: prefix,
       suffix: suffix,
+      scopes: scopes,
       attribute_alias: nil,
     )
   end
@@ -851,6 +927,7 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord::DefineEnumForMatcher, type: :model do
     column_type:,
     values:,
     attribute_alias:,
+    scopes: true,
     prefix: false,
     suffix: false
   )
@@ -862,7 +939,17 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord::DefineEnumForMatcher, type: :model do
       alias_attribute attribute_alias, attribute_name
     end
 
-    model.enum(enum_name => values, _prefix: prefix, _suffix: suffix)
+    params = {
+      enum_name => values,
+      _prefix: prefix,
+      _suffix: suffix,
+    }
+
+    if rails_version =~ '~> 6.0'
+      params.merge!(_scopes: scopes)
+    end
+
+    model.enum(params)
 
     model.new
   end