diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 9f4f0442..027dfd21 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ jobs:
           - 2.7.3
           - 2.6.7
         appraisal:
+          - rails_6_1
           - rails_6_0
           - rails_5_2
         adapter:
diff --git a/Appraisals b/Appraisals
index b9f991cc..106d7e4f 100644
--- a/Appraisals
+++ b/Appraisals
@@ -69,3 +69,29 @@ appraise 'rails_6_0' do
   gem 'pg', '>= 0.18', '< 2.0'
   gem 'sqlite3', '~> 1.4'
 end
+
+appraise 'rails_6_1' do
+  instance_eval(&shared_dependencies)
+  instance_eval(&controller_test_dependency)
+
+  gem 'rails', '6.1.3.2'
+  gem 'puma', '~> 5.0'
+  gem 'bootsnap', '>= 1.4.2', require: false
+  gem 'sass-rails', '>= 6'
+  gem 'turbolinks', '~> 5'
+  gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.7'
+  gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'
+  gem 'capybara', '>= 2.15'
+  gem 'listen', '>= 3.0.5', '< 3.6'
+  gem 'rack-mini-profiler', '~> 2.0.0'
+  gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
+  gem 'selenium-webdriver'
+  gem 'webdrivers'
+
+  # Other dependencies
+  gem 'actiontext', '~> 6.1.3.2'
+
+  # Database adapters
+  gem 'pg', '>= 0.18', '< 2.0'
+  gem 'sqlite3', '~> 1.4'
+end
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile.lock b/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile.lock
index 59e517a2..7c1976f6 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile.lock
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_5_2.gemfile.lock
@@ -93,11 +93,11 @@ GEM
     marcel (1.0.1)
     method_source (1.0.0)
     mini_mime (1.1.0)
-    mini_portile2 (2.5.1)
+    mini_portile2 (2.5.3)
     minitest (5.14.4)
     msgpack (1.4.2)
     nio4r (2.5.7)
-    nokogiri (1.11.3)
+    nokogiri (1.11.6)
       mini_portile2 (~> 2.5.0)
       racc (~> 1.4)
     parallel (1.20.1)
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ GEM
     rspec-mocks (3.10.2)
       diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
       rspec-support (~> 3.10.0)
-    rspec-rails (4.0.2)
+    rspec-rails (4.1.2)
       actionpack (>= 4.2)
       activesupport (>= 4.2)
       railties (>= 4.2)
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile.lock b/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile.lock
index 8c7335d3..e1d9e49f 100644
--- a/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile.lock
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_6_0.gemfile.lock
@@ -101,11 +101,11 @@ GEM
     marcel (1.0.1)
     method_source (1.0.0)
     mini_mime (1.1.0)
-    mini_portile2 (2.5.1)
+    mini_portile2 (2.5.3)
     minitest (5.14.4)
     msgpack (1.4.2)
     nio4r (2.5.7)
-    nokogiri (1.11.3)
+    nokogiri (1.11.6)
       mini_portile2 (~> 2.5.0)
       racc (~> 1.4)
     parallel (1.20.1)
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ GEM
     rspec-mocks (3.10.2)
       diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
       rspec-support (~> 3.10.0)
-    rspec-rails (4.0.2)
+    rspec-rails (4.1.2)
       actionpack (>= 4.2)
       activesupport (>= 4.2)
       railties (>= 4.2)
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_6_1.gemfile b/gemfiles/rails_6_1.gemfile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4ac94b3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_6_1.gemfile
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# This file was generated by Appraisal
+
+source "https://rubygems.org"
+
+gem "appraisal", "2.2.0"
+gem "bundler", "~> 1.1"
+gem "pry"
+gem "pry-byebug"
+gem "rake", "13.0.1"
+gem "rspec", "~> 3.9"
+gem "rubocop", require: false
+gem "rubocop-packaging", require: false
+gem "rubocop-rails", require: false
+gem "warnings_logger"
+gem "zeus", require: false
+gem "fssm"
+gem "redcarpet"
+gem "rouge"
+gem "yard"
+gem "spring"
+gem "spring-commands-rspec"
+gem "rspec-rails", "~> 4.0"
+gem "shoulda-context", "~> 1.2.0"
+gem "rails-controller-testing", ">= 1.0.1"
+gem "rails", "6.1.3.2"
+gem "puma", "~> 5.0"
+gem "bootsnap", ">= 1.4.2", require: false
+gem "sass-rails", ">= 6"
+gem "turbolinks", "~> 5"
+gem "jbuilder", "~> 2.7"
+gem "bcrypt", "~> 3.1.7"
+gem "capybara", ">= 2.15"
+gem "listen", ">= 3.0.5", "< 3.6"
+gem "rack-mini-profiler", "~> 2.0.0"
+gem "spring-watcher-listen", "~> 2.0.0"
+gem "selenium-webdriver"
+gem "webdrivers"
+gem "actiontext", "~> 6.1.3.2"
+gem "pg", ">= 0.18", "< 2.0"
+gem "sqlite3", "~> 1.4"
diff --git a/gemfiles/rails_6_1.gemfile.lock b/gemfiles/rails_6_1.gemfile.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8600fadd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gemfiles/rails_6_1.gemfile.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+GEM
+  remote: https://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    actioncable (6.1.3.2)
+      actionpack (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      nio4r (~> 2.0)
+      websocket-driver (>= 0.6.1)
+    actionmailbox (6.1.3.2)
+      actionpack (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activejob (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activerecord (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activestorage (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      mail (>= 2.7.1)
+    actionmailer (6.1.3.2)
+      actionpack (= 6.1.3.2)
+      actionview (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activejob (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
+      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
+    actionpack (6.1.3.2)
+      actionview (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      rack (~> 2.0, >= 2.0.9)
+      rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
+      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
+      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.2.0)
+    actiontext (6.1.3.2)
+      actionpack (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activerecord (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activestorage (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      nokogiri (>= 1.8.5)
+    actionview (6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      builder (~> 3.1)
+      erubi (~> 1.4)
+      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
+      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.1, >= 1.2.0)
+    activejob (6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      globalid (>= 0.3.6)
+    activemodel (6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+    activerecord (6.1.3.2)
+      activemodel (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+    activestorage (6.1.3.2)
+      actionpack (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activejob (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activerecord (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      marcel (~> 1.0.0)
+      mini_mime (~> 1.0.2)
+    activesupport (6.1.3.2)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
+      i18n (>= 1.6, < 2)
+      minitest (>= 5.1)
+      tzinfo (~> 2.0)
+      zeitwerk (~> 2.3)
+    addressable (2.7.0)
+      public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 5.0)
+    appraisal (2.2.0)
+      bundler
+      rake
+      thor (>= 0.14.0)
+    ast (2.4.2)
+    bcrypt (3.1.16)
+    bootsnap (1.7.2)
+      msgpack (~> 1.0)
+    builder (3.2.4)
+    byebug (11.1.3)
+    capybara (3.35.3)
+      addressable
+      mini_mime (>= 0.1.3)
+      nokogiri (~> 1.8)
+      rack (>= 1.6.0)
+      rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
+      regexp_parser (>= 1.5, < 3.0)
+      xpath (~> 3.2)
+    childprocess (3.0.0)
+    coderay (1.1.3)
+    concurrent-ruby (1.1.8)
+    crass (1.0.6)
+    diff-lcs (1.4.4)
+    erubi (1.10.0)
+    ffi (1.15.0)
+    fssm (0.2.10)
+    globalid (0.4.2)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
+    i18n (1.8.10)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
+    jbuilder (2.11.2)
+      activesupport (>= 5.0.0)
+    listen (3.5.1)
+      rb-fsevent (~> 0.10, >= 0.10.3)
+      rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.10)
+    loofah (2.9.1)
+      crass (~> 1.0.2)
+      nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
+    mail (2.7.1)
+      mini_mime (>= 0.1.1)
+    marcel (1.0.1)
+    method_source (1.0.0)
+    mini_mime (1.0.3)
+    mini_portile2 (2.5.3)
+    minitest (5.14.4)
+    msgpack (1.4.2)
+    nio4r (2.5.7)
+    nokogiri (1.11.6)
+      mini_portile2 (~> 2.5.0)
+      racc (~> 1.4)
+    parallel (1.20.1)
+    parser (3.0.0.0)
+      ast (~> 2.4.1)
+    pg (1.2.3)
+    pry (0.14.0)
+      coderay (~> 1.1)
+      method_source (~> 1.0)
+    pry-byebug (3.8.0)
+      byebug (~> 11.0)
+      pry (~> 0.10)
+    public_suffix (4.0.6)
+    puma (5.2.2)
+      nio4r (~> 2.0)
+    racc (1.5.2)
+    rack (2.2.3)
+    rack-mini-profiler (2.0.4)
+      rack (>= 1.2.0)
+    rack-test (1.1.0)
+      rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
+    rails (6.1.3.2)
+      actioncable (= 6.1.3.2)
+      actionmailbox (= 6.1.3.2)
+      actionmailer (= 6.1.3.2)
+      actionpack (= 6.1.3.2)
+      actiontext (= 6.1.3.2)
+      actionview (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activejob (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activemodel (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activerecord (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activestorage (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      bundler (>= 1.15.0)
+      railties (= 6.1.3.2)
+      sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
+    rails-controller-testing (1.0.5)
+      actionpack (>= 5.0.1.rc1)
+      actionview (>= 5.0.1.rc1)
+      activesupport (>= 5.0.1.rc1)
+    rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
+      nokogiri (>= 1.6)
+    rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)
+      loofah (~> 2.3)
+    railties (6.1.3.2)
+      actionpack (= 6.1.3.2)
+      activesupport (= 6.1.3.2)
+      method_source
+      rake (>= 0.8.7)
+      thor (~> 1.0)
+    rainbow (3.0.0)
+    rake (13.0.1)
+    rb-fsevent (0.10.4)
+    rb-inotify (0.10.1)
+      ffi (~> 1.0)
+    redcarpet (3.5.1)
+    regexp_parser (2.0.3)
+    rexml (3.2.4)
+    rouge (3.26.0)
+    rspec (3.9.0)
+      rspec-core (~> 3.9.0)
+      rspec-expectations (~> 3.9.0)
+      rspec-mocks (~> 3.9.0)
+    rspec-core (3.9.3)
+      rspec-support (~> 3.9.3)
+    rspec-expectations (3.9.4)
+      diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
+      rspec-support (~> 3.9.0)
+    rspec-mocks (3.9.1)
+      diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
+      rspec-support (~> 3.9.0)
+    rspec-rails (4.0.1)
+      actionpack (>= 4.2)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2)
+      railties (>= 4.2)
+      rspec-core (~> 3.9)
+      rspec-expectations (~> 3.9)
+      rspec-mocks (~> 3.9)
+      rspec-support (~> 3.9)
+    rspec-support (3.9.4)
+    rubocop (1.10.0)
+      parallel (~> 1.10)
+      parser (>= 3.0.0.0)
+      rainbow (>= 2.2.2, < 4.0)
+      regexp_parser (>= 1.8, < 3.0)
+      rexml
+      rubocop-ast (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
+      ruby-progressbar (~> 1.7)
+      unicode-display_width (>= 1.4.0, < 3.0)
+    rubocop-ast (1.4.1)
+      parser (>= 2.7.1.5)
+    rubocop-packaging (0.5.1)
+      rubocop (>= 0.89, < 2.0)
+    rubocop-rails (2.9.1)
+      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
+      rack (>= 1.1)
+      rubocop (>= 0.90.0, < 2.0)
+    ruby-progressbar (1.11.0)
+    rubyzip (2.3.0)
+    sass-rails (6.0.0)
+      sassc-rails (~> 2.1, >= 2.1.1)
+    sassc (2.4.0)
+      ffi (~> 1.9)
+    sassc-rails (2.1.2)
+      railties (>= 4.0.0)
+      sassc (>= 2.0)
+      sprockets (> 3.0)
+      sprockets-rails
+      tilt
+    selenium-webdriver (3.142.7)
+      childprocess (>= 0.5, < 4.0)
+      rubyzip (>= 1.2.2)
+    shoulda-context (1.2.2)
+    spring (2.1.1)
+    spring-commands-rspec (1.0.4)
+      spring (>= 0.9.1)
+    spring-watcher-listen (2.0.1)
+      listen (>= 2.7, < 4.0)
+      spring (>= 1.2, < 3.0)
+    sprockets (4.0.2)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
+      rack (> 1, < 3)
+    sprockets-rails (3.2.2)
+      actionpack (>= 4.0)
+      activesupport (>= 4.0)
+      sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
+    sqlite3 (1.4.2)
+    thor (1.1.0)
+    tilt (2.0.10)
+    turbolinks (5.2.1)
+      turbolinks-source (~> 5.2)
+    turbolinks-source (5.2.0)
+    tzinfo (2.0.4)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
+    unicode-display_width (2.0.0)
+    warnings_logger (0.1.1)
+    webdrivers (4.5.0)
+      nokogiri (~> 1.6)
+      rubyzip (>= 1.3.0)
+      selenium-webdriver (>= 3.0, < 4.0)
+    websocket-driver (0.7.3)
+      websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
+    websocket-extensions (0.1.5)
+    xpath (3.2.0)
+      nokogiri (~> 1.8)
+    yard (0.9.26)
+    zeitwerk (2.4.2)
+    zeus (0.15.14)
+      method_source (>= 0.6.7)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  actiontext (~> 6.1.3.2)
+  appraisal (= 2.2.0)
+  bcrypt (~> 3.1.7)
+  bootsnap (>= 1.4.2)
+  bundler (~> 1.1)
+  capybara (>= 2.15)
+  fssm
+  jbuilder (~> 2.7)
+  listen (>= 3.0.5, < 3.6)
+  pg (>= 0.18, < 2.0)
+  pry
+  pry-byebug
+  puma (~> 5.0)
+  rack-mini-profiler (~> 2.0.0)
+  rails (= 6.1.3.2)
+  rails-controller-testing (>= 1.0.1)
+  rake (= 13.0.1)
+  redcarpet
+  rouge
+  rspec (~> 3.9)
+  rspec-rails (~> 4.0)
+  rubocop
+  rubocop-packaging
+  rubocop-rails
+  sass-rails (>= 6)
+  selenium-webdriver
+  shoulda-context (~> 1.2.0)
+  spring
+  spring-commands-rspec
+  spring-watcher-listen (~> 2.0.0)
+  sqlite3 (~> 1.4)
+  turbolinks (~> 5)
+  warnings_logger
+  webdrivers
+  yard
+  zeus
+
+BUNDLED WITH
+   1.17.3
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validator.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validator.rb
index 74073227..a319444d 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validator.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_model/validator.rb
@@ -98,12 +98,7 @@ module Shoulda
 
           all_validation_errors = record.errors.dup
 
-          validation_error_messages =
-            if record.errors.respond_to?(:[])
-              record.errors[attribute]
-            else
-              record.errors.on(attribute)
-            end
+          validation_error_messages = record.errors[attribute]
 
           {
             all_validation_errors: all_validation_errors,
diff --git a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher.rb b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher.rb
index 210b7f83..28e13d66 100644
--- a/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher.rb
+++ b/lib/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher.rb
@@ -1394,23 +1394,25 @@ module Shoulda
         end
 
         def class_has_foreign_key?(klass)
+          @missing = validate_foreign_key(klass)
+
+          @missing.nil?
+        end
+
+        def validate_foreign_key(klass)
           if options.key?(:foreign_key) && !foreign_key_correct?
-            @missing = foreign_key_failure_message(klass, options[:foreign_key])
-            false
-          elsif !has_column?(klass, foreign_key)
-            @missing = foreign_key_failure_message(klass, foreign_key)
-            false
-          else
-            true
+            foreign_key_failure_message(klass, options[:foreign_key])
+          elsif !has_column?(klass, actual_foreign_key)
+            foreign_key_failure_message(klass, actual_foreign_key)
           end
         end
 
         def has_column?(klass, column)
           case column
           when Array
-            column.all? { |c| has_column?(klass, c) }
+            column.all? { |c| has_column?(klass, c.to_s) }
           else
-            column_names_for(klass).include?(column)
+            column_names_for(klass).include?(column.to_s)
           end
         end
 
@@ -1442,19 +1444,15 @@ module Shoulda
           end
         end
 
-        def foreign_key
-          key = if foreign_key_reflection
-                  if foreign_key_reflection.respond_to?(:foreign_key)
-                    foreign_key_reflection.foreign_key
-                  else
-                    foreign_key_reflection.primary_key_name
-                  end
-                end
+        def actual_foreign_key
+          return unless foreign_key_reflection
 
-          if key.is_a?(Array)
-            key.map(&:to_s)
+          if foreign_key_reflection.options[:foreign_key]
+            foreign_key_reflection.options[:foreign_key]
+          elsif foreign_key_reflection.respond_to?(:foreign_key)
+            foreign_key_reflection.foreign_key
           else
-            key.to_s
+            foreign_key_reflection.primary_key_name
           end
         end
 
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/rails_version_helpers.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/rails_version_helpers.rb
index 02f20711..1cd24bd3 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/rails_version_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/rails_version_helpers.rb
@@ -7,5 +7,9 @@ module AcceptanceTests
     def rails_version
       bundle_version_of('rails')
     end
+
+    def rails_gt_6_0?
+      rails_version > 6.0
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/step_helpers.rb b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/step_helpers.rb
index 502ab173..fa972ecf 100644
--- a/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/step_helpers.rb
+++ b/spec/support/acceptance/helpers/step_helpers.rb
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ module AcceptanceTests
 
     def add_rspec_rails_to_project!
       add_gem 'rspec-rails', rspec_rails_version
+      run_command_within_bundle!('bundle install --binstubs') if rails_gt_6_0?
       run_command_within_bundle!('rails g rspec:install')
       remove_from_file '.rspec', '--warnings'
     end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers_spec.rb
index 8246997c..95c0fdf5 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_model/helpers_spec.rb
@@ -78,16 +78,6 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::Helpers do
         end
       end
     end
-
-    context 'if ActiveModel::Errors#generate_message behavior has changed' do
-      it 'provides the right error message for validate_presence_of' do
-        stub_active_model_message_generation(
-          type: :blank,
-          message: 'Behavior has diverged.',
-        )
-        assert_presence_validation_has_correct_message
-      end
-    end
   end
 
   def assert_presence_validation_has_correct_message
@@ -150,16 +140,4 @@ describe Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel::Helpers do
 
     I18n.backend.store_translations(:en, translations)
   end
-
-  def stub_active_model_message_generation(options = {})
-    attribute = options.delete(:attribute) || :attr
-    message = options.delete(:message)
-    type = options.delete(:type)
-
-    expect_any_instance_of(ActiveModel::Errors).
-      to receive(:generate_message).
-      with(attribute, type, {}).
-      at_least(1).
-      and_return(message)
-  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher_spec.rb
index a5276ab9..626728c4 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/association_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -885,8 +885,16 @@ Expected Parent to have a has_many association called children through conceptio
     end
 
     it 'accepts an association with a valid :source option' do
-      expect(having_many_children(source: :user)).
-        to have_many(:children).source(:user)
+      define_model(:author) do
+        has_many :books
+        has_many :paperbacks, through: :books, source: :format, source_type: 'Paperback'
+      end
+      define_model(:book, format_id: :integer) do
+        belongs_to :format, polymorphic: true
+      end
+      define_model(:paperback)
+
+      expect(Author.new).to have_many(:paperbacks).source(:format)
     end
 
     it 'rejects an association with a bad :source option' do
@@ -1350,7 +1358,7 @@ Expected Parent to have a has_many association called children through conceptio
       end
 
       expected_message = 'Expected Person to have a has_one association called detail ' \
-        '(PersonDetail does not have a ["company_id", "person_detail_id"] foreign key.)'
+        '(PersonDetail does not have a [:company_id, :person_detail_id] foreign key.)'
 
       expect do
         have_one(:detail).class_name('PersonDetail').
diff --git a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher_spec.rb b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher_spec.rb
index d7c90d44..12a9229b 100644
--- a/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/unit/shoulda/matchers/active_record/have_db_index_matcher_spec.rb
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ does not.
       columns,
       parent_class: parent_class,
       customize_table: -> (table) {
-        table.index(column_name_or_names, index_options)
+        table.index(column_name_or_names, **index_options)
       },
     )
     model.new