gitlab-org--gitlab-foss/doc/operations/metrics/alerts.md

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# Set up alerts for Prometheus metrics **(FREE)**

> [Moved](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/42640) to GitLab Free in 12.10.

After [configuring metrics for your CI/CD environment](index.md), you can set up
alerting for Prometheus metrics depending on the location of your instances, and
[trigger actions from alerts](#trigger-actions-from-alerts) to notify
your team when environment performance falls outside of the boundaries you set.

## Managed Prometheus instances

> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/6590) in [GitLab Ultimate](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/) 11.2 for [custom metrics](index.md#adding-custom-metrics), and GitLab 11.3 for [library metrics](../../user/project/integrations/prometheus_library/index.md).

WARNING:
Managed Prometheus on Kubernetes is [deprecated](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/327796)
and scheduled for [removal in GitLab 14.0](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/4280).

For managed Prometheus instances using auto configuration, you can
[configure alerts for metrics](index.md#adding-custom-metrics) directly in the
[metrics dashboard](index.md). To set an alert:

1. In your project, navigate to **Operations > Metrics**,
1. Identify the metric you want to create the alert for, and click the
   **ellipsis** **{ellipsis_v}** icon in the top right corner of the metric.
1. Choose **Alerts**.
1. Set threshold and operator.
1. (Optional) Add a Runbook URL.
1. Click **Add** to save and activate the alert.

![Adding an alert](img/prometheus_alert.png)

To remove the alert, click back on the alert icon for the desired metric, and click **Delete**.

### Link runbooks to alerts

> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/39315) in GitLab 13.3.
> - [Deprecated](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/5877) in GitLab 13.11.
> - [Removed](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/4280) in GitLab 14.0.

WARNING:
Linking runbooks to alerts through the alerts UI is [deprecated](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/5877)
and scheduled for [removal in GitLab 14.0](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/4280).
However, you can still add runbooks to your alert payload. They show up in the alert UI when the
alert is triggered.

When creating alerts from the metrics dashboard for [managed Prometheus instances](#managed-prometheus-instances),
you can also link a runbook. When the alert triggers, the
[chart context menu](dashboards/index.md#chart-context-menu) on the metrics chart
links to the runbook, making it easy for you to locate and access the correct runbook
as soon as the alert fires:

![Linked Runbook in charts](img/linked_runbooks_on_charts.png)

## Prometheus cluster integrations

Alerts are not currently supported for [Prometheus cluster integrations](../../user/clusters/integrations.md).

## External Prometheus instances

> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/9258) in GitLab Ultimate 11.8.
> - [Moved](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/42640) to GitLab Free in 12.10.

For manually configured Prometheus servers, GitLab provides a notify endpoint for
use with Prometheus webhooks. If you have manual configuration enabled, an
**Alerts** section is added to **Settings > Integrations > Prometheus**.
This section contains the needed **URL** and **Authorization Key**. The
**Reset Key** button invalidates the key and generates a new one.

![Prometheus service configuration of Alerts](img/prometheus_service_alerts.png)

To send GitLab alert notifications, copy the **URL** and **Authorization Key** into the
[`webhook_configs`](https://prometheus.io/docs/alerting/latest/configuration/#webhook_config)
section of your Prometheus Alertmanager configuration:

```yaml
receivers:
  - name: gitlab
    webhook_configs:
      - http_config:
          authorization:
            type: Bearer
            credentials: 9e1cbfcd546896a9ea8be557caf13a76
        send_resolved: true
        url: http://192.168.178.31:3001/root/manual_prometheus/prometheus/alerts/notify.json
        # Rest of configuration omitted
        # ...
```

For GitLab to associate your alerts with an [environment](../../ci/environments/index.md),
you must configure a `gitlab_environment_name` label on the alerts you set up in
Prometheus. The value of this should match the name of your environment in GitLab.

You can display alerts with a `gitlab_environment_name` of `production`
[on a dashboard](../../user/operations_dashboard/index.md#adding-a-project-to-the-dashboard).

In GitLab versions 13.1 and greater, you can configure your manually configured
Prometheus server to use the
[Generic alerts integration](../incident_management/integrations.md).

## Trigger actions from alerts **(ULTIMATE)**

> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/4925) in [GitLab Ultimate](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/) 11.11.

Alerts can be used to trigger actions, like opening an issue automatically
(disabled by default since `13.1`). To configure the actions:

1. Navigate to your project's **Settings > Operations > Alerts**.
1. Enable the option to create issues.
1. Choose the [issue template](../../user/project/description_templates.md) to create the issue from.
1. Optionally, select whether to send an email notification to the developers of the project.
1. Click **Save changes**.

After enabling, GitLab automatically opens an issue when an alert is triggered containing
values extracted from the [`alerts` field in webhook payload](https://prometheus.io/docs/alerting/latest/configuration/#webhook_config):

- Issue author: `GitLab Alert Bot`
- Issue title: Extracted from the alert payload fields `annotations/title`, `annotations/summary`, or `labels/alertname`.
- Issue description: Extracted from alert payload field `annotations/description`.
- Alert `Summary`: A list of properties from the alert's payload.
  - `starts_at`: Alert start time from the payload's `startsAt` field
  - `full_query`: Alert query extracted from the payload's `generatorURL` field
  - Optional list of attached annotations extracted from `annotations/*`
- Alert [GFM](../../user/markdown.md): GitLab Flavored Markdown from the payload's `annotations/gitlab_incident_markdown` field.
- Alert Severity (introduced in GitLab version [13.9](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/50871):
  Extracted from the alert payload field `labels/severity`. Maps case-insensitive
  value to [Alert's severity](../incident_management/alerts.md#alert-severity):
  - **Critical**: `critical`, `s1`, `p1`, `emergency`, `fatal`, or any value not in this list
  - **High**: `high`, `s2`, `p2`, `major`, `page`
  - **Medium**: `medium`, `s3`, `p3`, `error`, `alert`
  - **Low**: `low`, `s4`, `p4`, `warn`, `warning`
  - **Info**: `info`, `s5`, `p5`, `debug`, `information`, `notice`

To further customize the issue, you can add labels, mentions, or any other supported
[quick action](../../user/project/quick_actions.md) in the selected issue template,
which applies to all incidents. To limit quick actions or other information to
only specific types of alerts, use the `annotations/gitlab_incident_markdown` field.

Since [version 12.2](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/-/issues/63373),
GitLab tags each incident issue with the `incident` label automatically. If the label
does not yet exist, it is also created automatically.

If the metric exceeds the threshold of the alert for over 5 minutes, GitLab sends
an email to all [Maintainers and Owners](../../user/permissions.md#project-members-permissions)
of the project.

### Recovery alerts

> - [From GitLab Ultimate 12.5](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/13401), when GitLab receives a recovery alert, it automatically closes the associated issue.

The alert in GitLab will be automatically resolved when Prometheus
sends a payload with the field `status` set to `resolved`.

You can also configure the associated [incident to be closed automatically](../incident_management/incidents.md#automatically-close-incidents-via-recovery-alerts) when the alert resolves.