Merge branch 'ci-wording' into 'master'

* Adds pipelines page to CI docs.
* Adds image of pipelines list (although currently missing border that is on other images).
* Changes CI to CI/CD in `/doc` and `/doc/ci`
* Sorts user documentation in `/doc`

Partially fixes #17733.

See merge request !4660

doc/README.md

@@ -3,17 +3,17 @@
 ## User documentation
 
 - [API](api/README.md) Automate GitLab via a simple and powerful API.
-- [CI](ci/README.md) GitLab Continuous Integration (CI) getting started, `.gitlab-ci.yml` options, and examples.
+- [CI/CD](ci/README.md) GitLab Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Delivery (CD) getting started, `.gitlab-ci.yml` options, and examples.
 - [GitLab as OAuth2 authentication service provider](integration/oauth_provider.md). It allows you to login to other applications from GitLab.
+- [Container Registry](container_registry/README.md) Learn how to use GitLab Container Registry.
 - [GitLab Basics](gitlab-basics/README.md) Find step by step how to start working on your commandline and on GitLab.
-- [Importing to GitLab](workflow/importing/README.md).
+- [Importing to GitLab](workflow/importing/README.md)
 - [Markdown](markdown/markdown.md) GitLab's advanced formatting system.
-- [Migrating from SVN](workflow/importing/migrating_from_svn.md) Convert a SVN repository to Git and GitLab
+- [Migrating from SVN](workflow/importing/migrating_from_svn.md) Convert a SVN repository to Git and GitLab.
 - [Permissions](permissions/permissions.md) Learn what each role in a project (external/guest/reporter/developer/master/owner) can do.
 - [Profile Settings](profile/README.md)
 - [Project Services](project_services/project_services.md) Integrate a project with external services, such as CI and chat.
 - [Public access](public_access/public_access.md) Learn how you can allow public and internal access to projects.
-- [Container Registry](container_registry/README.md) Learn how to use GitLab Container Registry.
 - [SSH](ssh/README.md) Setup your ssh keys and deploy keys for secure access to your projects.
 - [Webhooks](web_hooks/web_hooks.md) Let GitLab notify you when new code has been pushed to your project.
 - [Workflow](workflow/README.md) Using GitLab functionality and importing projects from GitHub and SVN.
@@ -24,15 +24,15 @@
   external authentication with LDAP, SAML, CAS and additional Omniauth providers.
 - [Custom git hooks](hooks/custom_hooks.md) Custom git hooks (on the filesystem) for when webhooks aren't enough.
 - [Install](install/README.md) Requirements, directory structures and installation from source.
-- [Restart GitLab](administration/restart_gitlab.md) Learn how to restart GitLab and its components
+- [Restart GitLab](administration/restart_gitlab.md) Learn how to restart GitLab and its components.
 - [Integration](integration/README.md) How to integrate with systems such as JIRA, Redmine, Twitter.
 - [Issue closing](customization/issue_closing.md) Customize how to close an issue from commit messages.
 - [Libravatar](customization/libravatar.md) Use Libravatar for user avatars.
 - [Log system](administration/logs.md) Log system.
 - [Environment Variables](administration/environment_variables.md) to configure GitLab.
-- [Operations](operations/README.md) Keeping GitLab up and running
+- [Operations](operations/README.md) Keeping GitLab up and running.
 - [Raketasks](raketasks/README.md) Backups, maintenance, automatic webhook setup and the importing of projects.
-- [Repository checks](administration/repository_checks.md) Periodic Git repository checks
+- [Repository checks](administration/repository_checks.md) Periodic Git repository checks.
 - [Security](security/README.md) Learn what you can do to further secure your GitLab instance.
 - [System hooks](system_hooks/system_hooks.md) Notifications when users, projects and keys are changed.
 - [Update](update/README.md) Update guides to upgrade your installation.
@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@
 - [Migrate GitLab CI to CE/EE](migrate_ci_to_ce/README.md) Follow this guide to migrate your existing GitLab CI data to GitLab CE/EE.
 - [Git LFS configuration](workflow/lfs/lfs_administration.md)
 - [Housekeeping](administration/housekeeping.md) Keep your Git repository tidy and fast.
-- [GitLab Performance Monitoring](monitoring/performance/introduction.md) Configure GitLab and InfluxDB for measuring performance metrics
+- [GitLab Performance Monitoring](monitoring/performance/introduction.md) Configure GitLab and InfluxDB for measuring performance metrics.
-- [Monitoring uptime](monitoring/health_check.md) Check the server status using the health check endpoint
+- [Monitoring uptime](monitoring/health_check.md) Check the server status using the health check endpoint.
-- [Sidekiq Troubleshooting](administration/troubleshooting/sidekiq.md) Debug when Sidekiq appears hung and is not processing jobs
+- [Sidekiq Troubleshooting](administration/troubleshooting/sidekiq.md) Debug when Sidekiq appears hung and is not processing jobs.
-- [High Availability](administration/high_availability/README.md) Configure multiple servers for scaling or high availability
+- [High Availability](administration/high_availability/README.md) Configure multiple servers for scaling or high availability.
-- [Container Registry](administration/container_registry.md) Configure Docker Registry with GitLab
+- [Container Registry](administration/container_registry.md) Configure Docker Registry with GitLab.
 
 ## Contributor documentation
 

doc/ci/README.md

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 - [Get started with GitLab CI](quick_start/README.md)
 - [CI examples for various languages](examples/README.md)
 - [Learn how to enable or disable GitLab CI](enable_or_disable_ci.md)
+- [Pipelines and builds](pipelines.md)
 - [Environments and deployments](environments.md)
 - [Learn how `.gitlab-ci.yml` works](yaml/README.md)
 - [Configure a Runner, the application that runs your builds](runners/README.md)

doc/ci/environments.md

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Clicking on an environment will show the history of deployments.
 Only deploys that happen after your `.gitlab-ci.yml` is properly configured will
 show up in the environments and deployments lists.
 
-[Pipelines]: quick_start/README.md
+[Pipelines]: pipelines.md
 [jobs]: yaml/README.md#jobs
 [environments]: #environments
 [deployments]: #deployments

doc/ci/pipelines.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Introduction to pipelines and builds
+
+>**Note:**
+Introduced in GitLab 8.8.
+
+## Pipelines
+
+A pipeline is a group of [builds] that get executed in [stages] (batches). All
+of the builds in a stage are executed in parallel (if there are enough
+concurrent [runners]), and if they all succeed, the pipeline moves on to the
+next stage. If one of the builds fails, the next stage is not (usually)
+executed.
+
+## Builds
+
+Builds are individual runs of [jobs]. Not to be confused with a `build` job or
+`build` stage.
+
+## Defining pipelines
+
+Pipelines are defined in `.gitlab-ci.yml` by specifying [jobs] that run in
+[stages].
+
+See full [documentation](yaml/README.md#jobs).
+
+## Seeing pipeline status
+
+You can find the current and historical pipeline runs under **Pipelines** for your
+project.
+
+## Seeing build status
+
+Clicking on a pipeline will show the builds that were run for that pipeline.
+
+[builds]: #builds
+[jobs]: yaml/README.md#jobs
+[stages]: yaml/README.md#stages
+[runners]: runners/README.md

doc/ci/quick_start/README.md

@@ -4,41 +4,41 @@
 is fully integrated into GitLab itself and is [enabled] by default on all
 projects.
 
-The TL;DR version of how GitLab CI works is the following.
-
----
-
 GitLab offers a [continuous integration][ci] service. If you
 [add a `.gitlab-ci.yml` file][yaml] to the root directory of your repository,
 and configure your GitLab project to use a [Runner], then each merge request or
-push triggers a build.
+push triggers your CI [pipeline].
 
-The `.gitlab-ci.yml` file tells the GitLab runner what to do. By default it
+The `.gitlab-ci.yml` file tells the GitLab runner what to do. By default it runs
-runs three [stages]: `build`, `test`, and `deploy`.
+a pipeline with three [stages]: `build`, `test`, and `deploy`. You don't need to
+use all three stages; stages with no jobs are simply ignored.
 
 If everything runs OK (no non-zero return values), you'll get a nice green
 checkmark associated with the pushed commit or merge request. This makes it
-easy to see whether a merge request will cause any of the tests to fail before
+easy to see whether a merge request caused any of the tests to fail before
 you even look at the code.
 
-Most projects only use GitLab's CI service to run the test suite so that
+Most projects use GitLab's CI service to run the test suite so that
 developers get immediate feedback if they broke something.
 
+There's a growing trend to use continuous delivery and continuous deployment to
+automatically deploy tested code to staging and production environments.
+
 So in brief, the steps needed to have a working CI can be summed up to:
 
 1. Add `.gitlab-ci.yml` to the root directory of your repository
 1. Configure a Runner
 
-From there on, on every push to your Git repository, the build will be
+From there on, on every push to your Git repository, the Runner will
-automagically started by the Runner and will appear under the project's
+automagically start the pipeline and the pipeline will appear under the
-`/builds` page.
+project's `/pipelines` page.
 
 ---
 
 This guide assumes that you:
 
 - have a working GitLab instance of version 8.0 or higher or are using
-  [GitLab.com](https://gitlab.com/users/sign_in)
+  [GitLab.com](https://gitlab.com)
 - have a project in GitLab that you would like to use CI for
 
 Let's break it down to pieces and work on solving the GitLab CI puzzle.
@@ -57,15 +57,14 @@ On any push to your repository, GitLab will look for the `.gitlab-ci.yml`
 file and start builds on _Runners_ according to the contents of the file,
 for that commit.
 
-Because `.gitlab-ci.yml` is in the repository, it is version controlled,
+Because `.gitlab-ci.yml` is in the repository and is version controlled, old
-old versions still build successfully, forks can easily make use of CI,
+versions still build successfully, forks can easily make use of CI, branches can
-branches can have separate builds and you have a single source of truth for CI.
+have different pipelines and jobs, and you have a single source of truth for CI.
-You can read more about the reasons why we are using `.gitlab-ci.yml`
+You can read more about the reasons why we are using `.gitlab-ci.yml` [in our
-[in our blog about it][blog-ci].
+blog about it][blog-ci].
 
 **Note:** `.gitlab-ci.yml` is a [YAML](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML) file
-so you have to pay extra attention to the indentation. Always use spaces, not
+so you have to pay extra attention to indentation. Always use spaces, not tabs.
-tabs.
 
 ### Creating a simple `.gitlab-ci.yml` file
 
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ If you want to check whether your `.gitlab-ci.yml` file is valid, there is a
 Lint tool under the page `/ci/lint` of your GitLab instance. You can also find
 the link under **Settings > CI settings** in your project.
 
-For more information and a complete `.gitlab-ci.yml` syntax, please check
+For more information and a complete `.gitlab-ci.yml` syntax, please read
 [the documentation on .gitlab-ci.yml](../yaml/README.md).
 
 ### Push `.gitlab-ci.yml` to GitLab
@@ -122,7 +121,8 @@ git commit -m "Add .gitlab-ci.yml"
 git push origin master
 ```
 
-Now if you go to the **Builds** page you will see that the builds are pending.
+Now if you go to the **Pipelines** page you will see that the pipeline is
+pending.
 
 You can also go to the **Commits** page and notice the little clock icon next
 to the commit SHA.
@@ -138,15 +138,14 @@ Notice that there are two jobs pending which are named after what we wrote in
 `.gitlab-ci.yml`. The red triangle indicates that there is no Runner configured
 yet for these builds.
 
-The next step is to configure a Runner so that it picks the pending jobs.
+The next step is to configure a Runner so that it picks the pending builds.
 
 ## Configuring a Runner
 
-In GitLab, Runners run the builds that you define in `.gitlab-ci.yml`.
+In GitLab, Runners run the builds that you define in `.gitlab-ci.yml`. A Runner
-A Runner can be a virtual machine, a VPS, a bare-metal machine, a docker
+can be a virtual machine, a VPS, a bare-metal machine, a docker container or
-container or even a cluster of containers. GitLab and the Runners communicate
+even a cluster of containers. GitLab and the Runners communicate through an API,
-through an API, so the only needed requirement is that the machine on which the
+so the only requirement is that the Runner's machine has Internet access.
-Runner is configured to have Internet access.
 
 A Runner can be specific to a certain project or serve multiple projects in
 GitLab. If it serves all projects it's called a _Shared Runner_.
@@ -188,12 +187,16 @@ To enable **Shared Runners** you have to go to your project's
 
 [Read more on Shared Runners](../runners/README.md).
 
-## Seeing the status of your build
+## Seeing the status of your pipeline and builds
 
 After configuring the Runner successfully, you should see the status of your
 last commit change from _pending_ to either _running_, _success_ or _failed_.
 
-You can view all builds, by going to the **Builds** page in your project.
+You can view all pipelines by going to the **Pipelines** page in your project.
+
+![Commit status](img/pipelines_status.png)
+
+Or you can view all builds, by going to the **Pipelines > Builds** page.
 
 ![Commit status](img/builds_status.png)
 
@@ -238,3 +241,4 @@ CI with various languages.
 [runner]: ../runners/README.md
 [enabled]: ../enable_or_disable_ci.md
 [stages]: ../yaml/README.md#stages
+[pipeline]: ../pipelines.md

doc/ci/yaml/README.md

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ of your repository and contains definitions of how your project should be built.
 
 The YAML file defines a set of jobs with constraints stating when they should
 be run. The jobs are defined as top-level elements with a name and always have
-to contain the `script` clause:
+to contain at least the `script` clause:
 
 ```yaml
 job1:
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ stages:
 
 There are also two edge cases worth mentioning:
 
-1. If no `stages` is defined in `.gitlab-ci.yml`, then by default the `build`,
+1. If no `stages` are defined in `.gitlab-ci.yml`, then by default the `build`,
    `test` and `deploy` are allowed to be used as job's stage by default.
 2. If a job doesn't specify a `stage`, the job is assigned the `test` stage.