diff --git a/doc/development/new_fe_guide/style/javascript.md b/doc/development/new_fe_guide/style/javascript.md index 7985b893c9e..3019eaa089c 100644 --- a/doc/development/new_fe_guide/style/javascript.md +++ b/doc/development/new_fe_guide/style/javascript.md @@ -1,208 +1,196 @@ # JavaScript style guide -We use [Airbnb's JavaScript Style Guide][airbnb-style-guide] and it's accompanying linter to manage most of our JavaScript style guidelines. +We use [Airbnb's JavaScript Style Guide](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript) and it's accompanying +linter to manage most of our JavaScript style guidelines. -In addition to the style guidelines set by Airbnb, we also have a few specific rules listed below. +In addition to the style guidelines set by Airbnb, we also have a few specific rules +listed below. > **Tip:** You can run eslint locally by running `yarn eslint` -## Arrays +## Avoid forEach - +Avoid forEach when mutating data. Use `map`, `reduce` or `filter` instead of `forEach` +when mutating data. This will minimize mutations in functions, +which aligns with [Airbnb's style guide](https://github.com/airbnb/javascript#testing--for-real). -- [1.1](#avoid-foreach) **Avoid ForEach when mutating data** Use `map`, `reduce` or `filter` instead of `forEach` when mutating data. This will minimize mutations in functions ([which is aligned with Airbnb's style guide][airbnb-minimize-mutations]) +```javascript +// bad +users.forEach((user, index) => { + user.id = index; +}); - ``` - // bad - users.forEach((user, index) => { - user.id = index; - }); +// good +const usersWithId = users.map((user, index) => { + return Object.assign({}, user, { id: index }); +}); +``` - // good - const usersWithId = users.map((user, index) => { - return Object.assign({}, user, { id: index }); - }); - ``` +## Limit number of parameters -## Functions +If your function or method has more than 3 parameters, use an object as a parameter +instead. - +```javascript +// bad +function a(p1, p2, p3) { + // ... +}; -- [2.1](#limit-params) **Limit number of parameters** If your function or method has more than 3 parameters, use an object as a parameter instead. +// good +function a(p) { + // ... +}; +``` - ``` - // bad - function a(p1, p2, p3) { - // ... - }; +## Avoid side effects in constructors - // good - function a(p) { - // ... - }; - ``` +Avoid making asynchronous calls, API requests or DOM manipulations in the `constructor`. +Move them into separate functions instead. This will make tests easier to write and +code easier to maintain. -## Classes & constructors +```javascript +// bad +class myClass { + constructor(config) { + this.config = config; + axios.get(this.config.endpoint) + } +} - +// good +class myClass { + constructor(config) { + this.config = config; + } -- [3.1](#avoid-constructor-side-effects) **Avoid side effects in constructors** Avoid making some operations in the `constructor`, such as asynchronous calls, API requests and DOM manipulations. Prefer moving them into separate functions. This will make tests easier to write and code easier to maintain. + makeRequest() { + axios.get(this.config.endpoint) + } +} +const instance = new myClass(); +instance.makeRequest(); - ```javascript - // bad - class myClass { - constructor(config) { - this.config = config; - axios.get(this.config.endpoint) - } - } +``` - // good - class myClass { - constructor(config) { - this.config = config; - } +## Avoid classes to handle DOM events - makeRequest() { - axios.get(this.config.endpoint) - } - } - const instance = new myClass(); - instance.makeRequest(); +If the only purpose of the class is to bind a DOM event and handle the callback, prefer +using a function. - ``` +```javascript +// bad +class myClass { + constructor(config) { + this.config = config; + } - + init() { + document.addEventListener('click', () => {}); + } +} -- [3.2](#avoid-classes-to-handle-dom-events) **Avoid classes to handle DOM events** If the only purpose of the class is to bind a DOM event and handle the callback, prefer using a function. +// good - ``` - // bad - class myClass { - constructor(config) { - this.config = config; - } +const myFunction = () => { + document.addEventListener('click', () => { + // handle callback here + }); +} +``` - init() { - document.addEventListener('click', () => {}); - } - } +## Pass element container to constructor - // good +When your class manipulates the DOM, receive the element container as a parameter. +This is more maintainable and performant. - const myFunction = () => { - document.addEventListener('click', () => { - // handle callback here - }); - } - ``` +```javascript +// bad +class a { + constructor() { + document.querySelector('.b'); + } +} - +// good +class a { + constructor(options) { + options.container.querySelector('.b'); + } +} +``` -- [3.3](#element-container) **Pass element container to constructor** When your class manipulates the DOM, receive the element container as a parameter. - This is more maintainable and performant. +## Use ParseInt - ``` - // bad - class a { - constructor() { - document.querySelector('.b'); - } - } +Use `ParseInt` when converting a numeric string into a number. - // good - class a { - constructor(options) { - options.container.querySelector('.b'); - } - } - ``` +```javascript +// bad +Number('10') -## Type Casting & Coercion +// good +parseInt('10', 10); +``` - +## CSS Selectors - Use `js-` prefix -- [4.1](#use-parseint) **Use ParseInt** Use `ParseInt` when converting a numeric string into a number. +If a CSS class is only being used in JavaScript as a reference to the element, prefix +the class name with `js-`. - ``` - // bad - Number('10') +```html +// bad + - // good - parseInt('10', 10); - ``` +// good + +``` -## CSS Selectors +## Absolute vs relative paths for modules - +Use relative paths if the module you are importing is less than two levels up. -- [5.1](#use-js-prefix) **Use js prefix** If a CSS class is only being used in JavaScript as a reference to the element, prefix the class name with `js-` +```javascript +// bad +import GitLabStyleGuide from '~/guides/GitLabStyleGuide'; - ``` - // bad - +// good +import GitLabStyleGuide from '../GitLabStyleGuide'; +``` - // good - - ``` +If the module you are importing is two or more levels up, use an absolute path instead: -## Modules +```javascript +// bad +import GitLabStyleGuide from '../../../guides/GitLabStyleGuide'; - +// good +import GitLabStyleGuide from '~/GitLabStyleGuide'; +``` -- [6.1](#use-absolute-paths) **Use absolute paths for nearby modules** Use absolute paths if the module you are importing is less than two levels up. +Additionally, **do not add to global namespace**. - ``` - // bad - import GitLabStyleGuide from '~/guides/GitLabStyleGuide'; +## Do not use `DOMContentLoaded` in non-page modules - // good - import GitLabStyleGuide from '../GitLabStyleGuide'; - ``` +Imported modules should act the same each time they are loaded. `DOMContentLoaded` +events are only allowed on modules loaded in the `/pages/*` directory because those +are loaded dynamically with webpack. - +## Avoid XSS -- [6.2](#use-relative-paths) **Use relative paths for distant modules** If the module you are importing is two or more levels up, use a relative path instead of an absolute path. +Do not use `innerHTML`, `append()` or `html()` to set content. It opens up too many +vulnerabilities. - ``` - // bad - import GitLabStyleGuide from '../../../guides/GitLabStyleGuide'; +## Disabling ESLint in new files - // good - import GitLabStyleGuide from '~/GitLabStyleGuide'; - ``` +Do not disable ESLint when creating new files. Existing files may have existing rules +disabled due to legacy compatibility reasons but they are in the process of being refactored. - +Do not disable specific ESLint rules. Due to technical debt, you may disable the following +rules only if you are invoking/instantiating existing code modules. -- [6.3](#global-namespace) **Do not add to global namespace** + - [no-new](http://eslint.org/docs/rules/no-new) + - [class-method-use-this](http://eslint.org/docs/rules/class-methods-use-this) - - -- [6.4](#domcontentloaded) **Do not use DOMContentLoaded in non-page modules** Imported modules should act the same each time they are loaded. `DOMContentLoaded` events are only allowed on modules loaded in the `/pages/*` directory because those are loaded dynamically with webpack. - -## Security - - - -- [7.1](#avoid-xss) **Avoid XSS** Do not use `innerHTML`, `append()` or `html()` to set content. It opens up too many vulnerabilities. - -## ESLint - - - -- [8.1](#disable-eslint-file) **Disabling ESLint in new files** Do not disable ESLint when creating new files. Existing files may have existing rules disabled due to legacy compatibility reasons but they are in the process of being refactored. - - - -- [8.2](#disable-eslint-rule) **Disabling ESLint rule** Do not disable specific ESLint rules. Due to technical debt, you may disable the following rules only if you are invoking/instantiating existing code modules - - - [no-new][no-new] - - [class-method-use-this][class-method-use-this] - -> Note: Disable these rules on a per line basis. This makes it easier to refactor in the future. E.g. use `eslint-disable-next-line` or `eslint-disable-line` - -[airbnb-style-guide]: https://github.com/airbnb/javascript -[airbnb-minimize-mutations]: https://github.com/airbnb/javascript#testing--for-real -[no-new]: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/no-new -[class-method-use-this]: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/class-methods-use-this +> Note: Disable these rules on a per line basis. This makes it easier to refactor + in the future. E.g. use `eslint-disable-next-line` or `eslint-disable-line`.