Instead of applying WHERE on a UNION, apply the WHERE on each of the seperate
SELECT statements, and do UNION on that.
Local tests with about 2_000_000 projects:
- 1_500_000 private projects
- 40_000 internal projects
- 400_000 public projects
For the API endpoint `/api/v4/projects?visibility=private` the slowest query was:
```sql
SELECT "projects".*
FROM "projects"
WHERE ...
```
The original query took 1073.8ms.
The query refactored to UNION of SELECT/WHERE took 2.3ms.
The original query was:
```sql
SELECT "projects".*
FROM "projects"
WHERE "projects"."pending_delete" = $1
AND (projects.id IN
(SELECT "projects"."id"
FROM "projects"
INNER JOIN "project_authorizations" ON "projects"."id" = "project_authorizations"."project_id"
WHERE "projects"."pending_delete" = 'f'
AND "project_authorizations"."user_id" = 23
UNION SELECT "projects"."id"
FROM "projects"
WHERE "projects"."visibility_level" IN (20,
10)))
AND "projects"."visibility_level" = $2
AND "projects"."archived" = $3
ORDER BY "projects"."created_at" DESC
LIMIT 20
OFFSET 0 [["pending_delete", "f"],
["visibility_level", 0],
["archived", "f"]]
```
The refactored query:
```sql
SELECT "projects".*
FROM "projects"
WHERE "projects"."pending_delete" = $1
AND (projects.id IN
(SELECT "projects"."id"
FROM "projects"
INNER JOIN "project_authorizations" ON "projects"."id" = "project_authorizations"."project_id"
WHERE "projects"."pending_delete" = 'f'
AND "project_authorizations"."user_id" = 23
AND "projects"."visibility_level" = 0
AND "projects"."archived" = 'f'
UNION SELECT "projects"."id"
FROM "projects"
WHERE "projects"."visibility_level" IN (20,
10)
AND "projects"."visibility_level" = 0
AND "projects"."archived" = 'f'))
ORDER BY "projects"."created_at" DESC
LIMIT 20
OFFSET 0 [["pending_delete", "f"]]
```