gitlab-org--gitlab-foss/lib/gitlab/object_hierarchy.rb

301 lines
11 KiB
Ruby

# frozen_string_literal: true
module Gitlab
# Retrieving of parent or child objects based on a base ActiveRecord relation.
#
# This class uses recursive CTEs and as a result will only work on PostgreSQL.
class ObjectHierarchy
DEPTH_COLUMN = :depth
attr_reader :ancestors_base, :descendants_base, :model, :options, :unscoped_model
# ancestors_base - An instance of ActiveRecord::Relation for which to
# get parent objects.
# descendants_base - An instance of ActiveRecord::Relation for which to
# get child objects. If omitted, ancestors_base is used.
def initialize(ancestors_base, descendants_base = ancestors_base, options: {})
raise ArgumentError, "Model of ancestors_base does not match model of descendants_base" if ancestors_base.model != descendants_base.model
@ancestors_base = ancestors_base
@descendants_base = descendants_base
@model = ancestors_base.model
@unscoped_model = @model.unscoped
@options = options
end
# Returns the set of descendants of a given relation, but excluding the given
# relation
# rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def descendants
base_and_descendants.where.not(id: descendants_base.select(:id))
end
# rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
# Returns the maximum depth starting from the base
# A base object with no children has a maximum depth of `1`
def max_descendants_depth
base_and_descendants(with_depth: true).maximum(DEPTH_COLUMN)
end
# Returns the set of ancestors of a given relation, but excluding the given
# relation
#
# Passing an `upto` will stop the recursion once the specified parent_id is
# reached. So all ancestors *lower* than the specified ancestor will be
# included.
# rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def ancestors(upto: nil, hierarchy_order: nil)
base_and_ancestors(upto: upto, hierarchy_order: hierarchy_order).where.not(id: ancestors_base.select(:id))
end
# rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
# Returns a relation that includes the ancestors_base set of objects
# and all their ancestors (recursively).
#
# Passing an `upto` will stop the recursion once the specified parent_id is
# reached. So all ancestors *lower* than the specified ancestor will be
# included.
#
# Passing a `hierarchy_order` with either `:asc` or `:desc` will cause the
# recursive query order from most nested object to root or from the root
# ancestor to most nested object respectively. This uses a `depth` column
# where `1` is defined as the depth for the base and increment as we go up
# each parent.
#
# Note: By default the order is breadth-first
# rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def base_and_ancestors(upto: nil, hierarchy_order: nil)
if use_distinct?
expose_depth = hierarchy_order.present?
hierarchy_order ||= :asc
# if hierarchy_order is given, the calculated `depth` should be present in SELECT
if expose_depth
recursive_query = base_and_ancestors_cte(upto, hierarchy_order).apply_to(unscoped_model.all).distinct
read_only(unscoped_model.from(Arel::Nodes::As.new(recursive_query.arel, objects_table)).order(depth: hierarchy_order))
else
recursive_query = base_and_ancestors_cte(upto).apply_to(unscoped_model.all)
if skip_ordering?
recursive_query = recursive_query.distinct
else
recursive_query = recursive_query.reselect(*recursive_query.arel.projections, 'ROW_NUMBER() OVER () as depth').distinct
recursive_query = unscoped_model.from(Arel::Nodes::As.new(recursive_query.arel, objects_table))
recursive_query = remove_depth_and_maintain_order(recursive_query, hierarchy_order: hierarchy_order)
end
read_only(recursive_query)
end
else
recursive_query = base_and_ancestors_cte(upto, hierarchy_order).apply_to(unscoped_model.all)
recursive_query = recursive_query.order(depth: hierarchy_order) if hierarchy_order
read_only(recursive_query)
end
end
# rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
# Returns a relation that includes the descendants_base set of objects
# and all their descendants (recursively).
#
# When `with_depth` is `true`, a `depth` column is included where it starts with `1` for the base objects
# and incremented as we go down the descendant tree
# rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def base_and_descendants(with_depth: false)
if use_distinct?
# Always calculate `depth`, remove it later if with_depth is false
if with_depth
base_cte = base_and_descendants_cte(with_depth: true).apply_to(unscoped_model.all).distinct
read_only(unscoped_model.from(Arel::Nodes::As.new(base_cte.arel, objects_table)).order(depth: :asc))
else
base_cte = base_and_descendants_cte.apply_to(unscoped_model.all)
if skip_ordering?
base_cte = base_cte.distinct
else
base_cte = base_cte.reselect(*base_cte.arel.projections, 'ROW_NUMBER() OVER () as depth').distinct
base_cte = unscoped_model.from(Arel::Nodes::As.new(base_cte.arel, objects_table))
base_cte = remove_depth_and_maintain_order(base_cte, hierarchy_order: :asc)
end
read_only(base_cte)
end
else
read_only(base_and_descendants_cte(with_depth: with_depth).apply_to(unscoped_model.all))
end
end
# rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
# Returns a relation that includes the base objects, their ancestors,
# and the descendants of the base objects.
#
# The resulting query will roughly look like the following:
#
# WITH RECURSIVE ancestors AS ( ... ),
# descendants AS ( ... )
# SELECT *
# FROM (
# SELECT *
# FROM ancestors namespaces
#
# UNION
#
# SELECT *
# FROM descendants namespaces
# ) groups;
#
# Using this approach allows us to further add criteria to the relation with
# Rails thinking it's selecting data the usual way.
#
# If nested objects are not supported, ancestors_base is returned.
# rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def all_objects
ancestors = base_and_ancestors_cte
descendants = base_and_descendants_cte
ancestors_table = ancestors.alias_to(objects_table)
descendants_table = descendants.alias_to(objects_table)
ancestors_scope = unscoped_model.from(ancestors_table)
descendants_scope = unscoped_model.from(descendants_table)
if use_distinct?
ancestors_scope = ancestors_scope.distinct
descendants_scope = descendants_scope.distinct
end
relation = unscoped_model
.with
.recursive(ancestors.to_arel, descendants.to_arel)
.from_union([
ancestors_scope,
descendants_scope
])
read_only(relation)
end
# rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
private
# Use distinct on the Namespace queries to avoid bad planner behavior in PG11.
def use_distinct?
return unless model <= Namespace
# Global use_distinct_for_all_object_hierarchy takes precedence over use_distinct_in_object_hierarchy
return true if Feature.enabled?(:use_distinct_for_all_object_hierarchy)
return options[:use_distinct] if options.key?(:use_distinct)
false
end
# Skips the extra ordering when using distinct on the namespace queries
def skip_ordering?
return options[:skip_ordering] if options.key?(:skip_ordering)
false
end
# Remove the extra `depth` field using an INNER JOIN to avoid breaking UNION queries
# and ordering the rows based on the `depth` column to maintain the row order.
#
# rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def remove_depth_and_maintain_order(relation, hierarchy_order: :asc)
joined_relation = model.joins("INNER JOIN (#{relation.select(:id, :depth).to_sql}) namespaces_join_table on namespaces_join_table.id = #{model.table_name}.id").order("namespaces_join_table.depth" => hierarchy_order)
model.from(Arel::Nodes::As.new(joined_relation.arel, objects_table))
end
# rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
# rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def base_and_ancestors_cte(stop_id = nil, hierarchy_order = nil)
cte = SQL::RecursiveCTE.new(:base_and_ancestors)
base_query = ancestors_base.except(:order)
base_query = base_query.select("1 as #{DEPTH_COLUMN}", "ARRAY[#{objects_table.name}.id] AS tree_path", "false AS tree_cycle", objects_table[Arel.star]) if hierarchy_order
cte << base_query
# Recursively get all the ancestors of the base set.
parent_query = unscoped_model
.from(from_tables(cte))
.where(ancestor_conditions(cte))
.except(:order)
if hierarchy_order
quoted_objects_table_name = model.connection.quote_table_name(objects_table.name)
parent_query = parent_query.select(
cte.table[DEPTH_COLUMN] + 1,
"tree_path || #{quoted_objects_table_name}.id",
"#{quoted_objects_table_name}.id = ANY(tree_path)",
objects_table[Arel.star]
).where(cte.table[:tree_cycle].eq(false))
end
parent_query = parent_query.where(parent_id_column(cte).not_eq(stop_id)) if stop_id
cte << parent_query
cte
end
# rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
# rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def base_and_descendants_cte(with_depth: false)
cte = SQL::RecursiveCTE.new(:base_and_descendants)
base_query = descendants_base.except(:order)
base_query = base_query.select("1 AS #{DEPTH_COLUMN}", "ARRAY[#{objects_table.name}.id] AS tree_path", "false AS tree_cycle", objects_table[Arel.star]) if with_depth
cte << base_query
# Recursively get all the descendants of the base set.
descendants_query = unscoped_model
.from(from_tables(cte))
.where(descendant_conditions(cte))
.except(:order)
if with_depth
quoted_objects_table_name = model.connection.quote_table_name(objects_table.name)
descendants_query = descendants_query.select(
cte.table[DEPTH_COLUMN] + 1,
"tree_path || #{quoted_objects_table_name}.id",
"#{quoted_objects_table_name}.id = ANY(tree_path)",
objects_table[Arel.star]
).where(cte.table[:tree_cycle].eq(false))
end
cte << descendants_query
cte
end
# rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
def objects_table
model.arel_table
end
def parent_id_column(cte)
cte.table[:parent_id]
end
def from_tables(cte)
[objects_table, cte.table]
end
def ancestor_conditions(cte)
objects_table[:id].eq(cte.table[:parent_id])
end
def descendant_conditions(cte)
objects_table[:parent_id].eq(cte.table[:id])
end
def read_only(relation)
# relations using a CTE are not safe to use with update_all as it will
# throw away the CTE, hence we mark them as read-only.
relation.extend(Gitlab::Database::ReadOnlyRelation)
relation
end
end
end
Gitlab::ObjectHierarchy.prepend_mod_with('Gitlab::ObjectHierarchy')