i3lock-color/i3lock.c

/*
 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
 *
 * © 2010 Michael Stapelberg
 *
 * See LICENSE for licensing information
 *
 */
#include <config.h>

#include <pthread.h>
#include <math.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <xcb/xcb.h>
#include <xcb/xkb.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
#include <bsd_auth.h>
#else
#include <security/pam_appl.h>
#endif
#include <getopt.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ev.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon.h>
#if XKBCOMPOSE == 1
#include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon-compose.h>
#endif
#include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon-x11.h>
#include <cairo.h>
#include <cairo/cairo-xcb.h>
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
#include <strings.h> /* explicit_bzero(3) */
#endif
#include <xcb/xcb_aux.h>
#include <xcb/randr.h>

#include "i3lock.h"
#include "xcb.h"
#include "cursors.h"
#include "unlock_indicator.h"
#include "randr.h"
#include "blur.h"
#include "jpg.h"
#include "fonts.h"

#define TSTAMP_N_SECS(n) (n * 1.0)
#define TSTAMP_N_MINS(n) (60 * TSTAMP_N_SECS(n))
#define START_TIMER(timer_obj, timeout, callback) \
    timer_obj = start_timer(timer_obj, timeout, callback)
#define STOP_TIMER(timer_obj) \
    timer_obj = stop_timer(timer_obj)

typedef void (*ev_callback_t)(EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents);
static void input_done(void);

char color[7] = "ffffff";

/* options for unlock indicator colors */
char insidevercolor[9] = "006effbf";
char insidewrongcolor[9] = "fa0000bf";
char insidecolor[9] = "000000bf";
char ringvercolor[9] = "3300faff";
char ringwrongcolor[9] = "7d3300ff";
char ringcolor[9] = "337d00ff";
char linecolor[9] = "000000ff";
char verifcolor[9] = "000000ff";
char wrongcolor[9] = "000000ff";
char layoutcolor[9] = "000000ff";
char timecolor[9] = "000000ff";
char datecolor[9] = "000000ff";
char keyhlcolor[9] = "33db00ff";
char bshlcolor[9] = "db3300ff";
char separatorcolor[9] = "000000ff";

/* int defining which display the lock indicator should be shown on. If -1, then show on all displays.*/
int screen_number = 0;
/* default is to use the supplied line color, 1 will be ring color, 2 will be to use the inside color for ver/wrong/etc */
int internal_line_source = 0;
/* bool for showing the clock; why am I commenting this? */
bool show_clock = false;
bool always_show_clock = false;
bool show_indicator = false;
float refresh_rate = 1.0;

/* there's some issues with compositing - upstream removed support for this, but we'll allow people to supply an arg to enable it */
bool composite = false;
/* time formatter strings for date/time
    I picked 32-length char arrays because some people might want really funky time formatters.
    Who am I to judge?
*/
/*
 * 0 = center
 * 1 = left
 * 2 = right
 */
int verif_align = 0;
int wrong_align = 0;
int time_align = 0;
int date_align = 0;
int layout_align = 0;
int modif_align = 0;

char time_format[32] = "%H:%M:%S\0";
char date_format[32] = "%A, %m %Y\0";

char verif_font[32] = "sans-serif\0";
char wrong_font[32] = "sans-serif\0";
char layout_font[32] = "sans-serif\0";
char time_font[32] = "sans-serif\0";
char date_font[32] = "sans-serif\0";

char* fonts[5] = {
    verif_font,
    wrong_font,
    layout_font,
    time_font,
    date_font
};

char ind_x_expr[32] = "x + (w / 2)\0";
char ind_y_expr[32] = "y + (h / 2)\0";
char time_x_expr[32] = "ix\0";
char time_y_expr[32] = "iy\0";
char date_x_expr[32] = "tx\0";
char date_y_expr[32] = "ty+30\0";
char layout_x_expr[32] = "dx\0";
char layout_y_expr[32] = "dy+30\0";
char status_x_expr[32] = "ix\0";
char status_y_expr[32] = "iy\0";
char modif_x_expr[32] = "ix\0";
char modif_y_expr[32] = "iy+28\0";

double time_size = 32.0;
double date_size = 14.0;
double verif_size = 28.0;
double wrong_size = 28.0;
double modifier_size = 14.0;
double layout_size = 14.0;
double circle_radius = 90.0;
double ring_width = 7.0;

char* verif_text = "verifying…";
char* wrong_text = "wrong!";
int   keylayout_mode = -1;
char* layout_text = NULL;

/* opts for blurring */
bool blur = false;
bool step_blur = false;
int blur_sigma = 5;

uint32_t last_resolution[2];
xcb_window_t win;
static xcb_cursor_t cursor;
#ifndef __OpenBSD__
static pam_handle_t *pam_handle;
#endif
int input_position = 0;
/* Holds the password you enter (in UTF-8). */
static char password[512];
static bool beep = false;
bool debug_mode = false;
bool unlock_indicator = true;
char *modifier_string = NULL;
static bool dont_fork = false;
struct ev_loop *main_loop;
static struct ev_timer *clear_auth_wrong_timeout;
static struct ev_timer *clear_indicator_timeout;
static struct ev_timer *discard_passwd_timeout;
extern unlock_state_t unlock_state;
extern auth_state_t auth_state;
int failed_attempts = 0;
bool show_failed_attempts = false;
bool retry_verification = false;

static struct xkb_state *xkb_state;
static struct xkb_context *xkb_context;
static struct xkb_keymap *xkb_keymap;
#if XKBCOMPOSE == 1
static struct xkb_compose_table *xkb_compose_table;
static struct xkb_compose_state *xkb_compose_state;
#endif
static uint8_t xkb_base_event;
static uint8_t xkb_base_error;
static int randr_base = -1;

cairo_surface_t *img = NULL;
cairo_surface_t *blur_img = NULL;
bool tile = false;
bool ignore_empty_password = false;
bool skip_repeated_empty_password = false;

// for the rendering thread, so we can clean it up
pthread_t draw_thread;
// main thread still sometimes calls redraw()
// allow you to disable. handy if you use bar with lots of crap.
bool redraw_thread = false;

#define BAR_VERT 0
#define BAR_FLAT 1
#define BAR_DEFAULT 0
#define BAR_REVERSED 1
#define BAR_BIDIRECTIONAL 2
// experimental bar stuff
bool bar_enabled = false;
double *bar_heights = NULL;
double bar_step = 15;
double bar_base_height = 25;
double bar_periodic_step = 15;
double max_bar_height = 25;
int num_bars = 0;
int bar_width = 150;
int bar_orientation = BAR_FLAT;

char bar_base_color[9] = "000000ff";
char bar_expr[32] = "0\0";
bool bar_bidirectional = false;
bool bar_reversed = false;

/* isutf, u8_dec © 2005 Jeff Bezanson, public domain */
#define isutf(c) (((c)&0xC0) != 0x80)

/*
 * Decrements i to point to the previous unicode glyph
 *
 */
void u8_dec(char *s, int *i) {
    (void)(isutf(s[--(*i)]) || isutf(s[--(*i)]) || isutf(s[--(*i)]) || --(*i));
}

/*
 * fetches the keylayout name
 *      -1 (do not)
 * arg: 0 (show full string returned)
 *      1 (show the text, sans parenthesis)
 *      2 (show just what's in the parenthesis)
 *
 * credit to the XKB/xcb implementation (no libx11) from https://gist.github.com/bluetech/6061368
 * docs are really sparse, so finding some random implementation was nice
 */
char* get_keylayoutname(int mode, xcb_connection_t* conn) {
    if (mode < 0 || mode > 2) return NULL;
    char* newans = NULL, *answer = xcb_get_key_group_names(conn);
    DEBUG("keylayout answer is: [%s]\n", answer);
    switch (mode) {
        case 1:
            // truncate the string at the first parens
            for(int i = 0; answer[i] != '\0'; ++i) {
                if (answer[i] == '(') {
                    if (i != 0 && answer[i - 1] == ' ') {
                        answer[i - 1] = '\0';
                        break;
                    } else {
                        answer[i] = '\0';
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            for(int i = 0; answer[i] != '\0'; ++i) {
                if (answer[i] == '(') {
                    newans = &answer[i + 1];
                } else if (answer[i] == ')' && newans != NULL) {
                    answer[i] = '\0';
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (newans != NULL)
                answer = newans;
            break;
        case 0:
            // fall through
        default:
            break;
    }
    DEBUG("answer after mode parsing: [%s]\n", answer);
    // Free symbolic names structures
    return answer;
}

/*
 * Loads the XKB keymap from the X11 server and feeds it to xkbcommon.
 * Necessary so that we can properly let xkbcommon track the keyboard state and
 * translate keypresses to utf-8.
 *
 */

static bool load_keymap(void) {
    if (xkb_context == NULL) {
        if ((xkb_context = xkb_context_new(0)) == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "[i3lock] could not create xkbcommon context\n");
            return false;
        }
    }

    xkb_keymap_unref(xkb_keymap);

    int32_t device_id = xkb_x11_get_core_keyboard_device_id(conn);
    DEBUG("device = %d\n", device_id);
    if ((xkb_keymap = xkb_x11_keymap_new_from_device(xkb_context, conn, device_id, 0)) == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "[i3lock] xkb_x11_keymap_new_from_device failed\n");
        return false;
    }

    struct xkb_state *new_state =
        xkb_x11_state_new_from_device(xkb_keymap, conn, device_id);
    if (new_state == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "[i3lock] xkb_x11_state_new_from_device failed\n");
        return false;
    }

    xkb_state_unref(xkb_state);
    xkb_state = new_state;

    return true;
}

#if XKBCOMPOSE == 1
/*
 * Loads the XKB compose table from the given locale.
 *
 */
static bool load_compose_table(const char *locale) {
    xkb_compose_table_unref(xkb_compose_table);

    if ((xkb_compose_table = xkb_compose_table_new_from_locale(xkb_context, locale, 0)) == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "[i3lock] xkb_compose_table_new_from_locale failed\n");
        return false;
    }

    struct xkb_compose_state *new_compose_state = xkb_compose_state_new(xkb_compose_table, 0);
    if (new_compose_state == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "[i3lock] xkb_compose_state_new failed\n");
        return false;
    }

    xkb_compose_state_unref(xkb_compose_state);
    xkb_compose_state = new_compose_state;

    return true;
}
#endif /* XKBCOMPOSE */

/*
 * Clears the memory which stored the password to be a bit safer against
 * cold-boot attacks.
 *
 */
static void clear_password_memory(void) {
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
    /* Use explicit_bzero(3) which was explicitly designed not to be
     * optimized out by the compiler. */
    explicit_bzero(password, strlen(password));
#else
    /* A volatile pointer to the password buffer to prevent the compiler from
     * optimizing this out. */
    volatile char *vpassword = password;
    for (size_t c = 0; c < sizeof(password); c++)
        /* We store a non-random pattern which consists of the (irrelevant)
         * index plus (!) the value of the beep variable. This prevents the
         * compiler from optimizing the calls away, since the value of 'beep'
         * is not known at compile-time. */
        vpassword[c] = c + (int)beep;
#endif
}

ev_timer *start_timer(ev_timer *timer_obj, ev_tstamp timeout, ev_callback_t callback) {
    if (timer_obj) {
        ev_timer_stop(main_loop, timer_obj);
        ev_timer_set(timer_obj, timeout, 0.);
        ev_timer_start(main_loop, timer_obj);
    } else {
        /* When there is no memory, we just don’t have a timeout. We cannot
         * exit() here, since that would effectively unlock the screen. */
        timer_obj = calloc(sizeof(struct ev_timer), 1);
        if (timer_obj) {
            ev_timer_init(timer_obj, callback, timeout, 0.);
            ev_timer_start(main_loop, timer_obj);
        }
    }
    return timer_obj;
}

ev_timer *stop_timer(ev_timer *timer_obj) {
    if (timer_obj) {
        ev_timer_stop(main_loop, timer_obj);
        free(timer_obj);
    }
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * Neccessary calls after ending input via enter or others
 *
 */
static void finish_input(void) {
    password[input_position] = '\0';
    unlock_state = STATE_KEY_PRESSED;
    redraw_screen();
    input_done();
}

/*
 * Resets auth_state to STATE_AUTH_IDLE 2 seconds after an unsuccessful
 * authentication event.
 *
 */
static void clear_auth_wrong(EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents) {
    DEBUG("clearing auth wrong\n");
    auth_state = STATE_AUTH_IDLE;
    redraw_screen();

    /* Clear modifier string. */
    if (modifier_string != NULL) {
        free(modifier_string);
        modifier_string = NULL;
    }

    /* Now free this timeout. */
    STOP_TIMER(clear_auth_wrong_timeout);

    /* retry with input done during auth verification */
    if (retry_verification) {
        retry_verification = false;
        finish_input();
    }
}

static void clear_indicator_cb(EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents) {
    clear_indicator();
    STOP_TIMER(clear_indicator_timeout);
}

static void clear_input(void) {
    input_position = 0;
    clear_password_memory();
    password[input_position] = '\0';
}

static void discard_passwd_cb(EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents) {
    clear_input();
    STOP_TIMER(discard_passwd_timeout);
}

static void input_done(void) {
    STOP_TIMER(clear_auth_wrong_timeout);
    auth_state = STATE_AUTH_VERIFY;
    unlock_state = STATE_STARTED;
    redraw_screen();

#ifdef __OpenBSD__
    struct passwd *pw;

    if (!(pw = getpwuid(getuid())))
        errx(1, "unknown uid %u.", getuid());

    if (auth_userokay(pw->pw_name, NULL, NULL, password) != 0) {
        DEBUG("successfully authenticated\n");
        clear_password_memory();

        ev_break(EV_DEFAULT, EVBREAK_ALL);
        return;
    }
#else
    if (pam_authenticate(pam_handle, 0) == PAM_SUCCESS) {
        DEBUG("successfully authenticated\n");
        clear_password_memory();

        /* PAM credentials should be refreshed, this will for example update any kerberos tickets.
         * Related to credentials pam_end() needs to be called to cleanup any temporary
         * credentials like kerberos /tmp/krb5cc_pam_* files which may of been left behind if the
         * refresh of the credentials failed. */
        pam_setcred(pam_handle, PAM_REFRESH_CRED);
        pam_end(pam_handle, PAM_SUCCESS);

        ev_break(EV_DEFAULT, EVBREAK_ALL);
        return;
    }
#endif

    if (debug_mode)
        fprintf(stderr, "Authentication failure\n");

    /* Get state of Caps and Num lock modifiers, to be displayed in
     * STATE_AUTH_WRONG state */
    xkb_mod_index_t idx, num_mods;
    const char *mod_name;

    num_mods = xkb_keymap_num_mods(xkb_keymap);

    for (idx = 0; idx < num_mods; idx++) {
        if (!xkb_state_mod_index_is_active(xkb_state, idx, XKB_STATE_MODS_EFFECTIVE))
            continue;

        mod_name = xkb_keymap_mod_get_name(xkb_keymap, idx);
        if (mod_name == NULL)
            continue;

        /* Replace certain xkb names with nicer, human-readable ones. */
        if (strcmp(mod_name, XKB_MOD_NAME_CAPS) == 0)
            mod_name = "Caps Lock";
        else if (strcmp(mod_name, XKB_MOD_NAME_ALT) == 0)
            mod_name = "Alt";
        else if (strcmp(mod_name, XKB_MOD_NAME_NUM) == 0)
            mod_name = "Num Lock";
        else if (strcmp(mod_name, XKB_MOD_NAME_LOGO) == 0)
            mod_name = "Win";

        char *tmp;
        if (modifier_string == NULL) {
            if (asprintf(&tmp, "%s", mod_name) != -1)
                modifier_string = tmp;
        } else if (asprintf(&tmp, "%s, %s", modifier_string, mod_name) != -1) {
            free(modifier_string);
            modifier_string = tmp;
        }
    }

    auth_state = STATE_AUTH_WRONG;
    failed_attempts += 1;
    clear_input();
    if (unlock_indicator)
        redraw_screen();

    /* Clear this state after 2 seconds (unless the user enters another
     * password during that time). */
    ev_now_update(main_loop);
    START_TIMER(clear_auth_wrong_timeout, TSTAMP_N_SECS(2), clear_auth_wrong);

    /* Cancel the clear_indicator_timeout, it would hide the unlock indicator
     * too early. */
    STOP_TIMER(clear_indicator_timeout);

    /* beep on authentication failure, if enabled */
    if (beep) {
        xcb_bell(conn, 100);
        xcb_flush(conn);
    }
}

static void redraw_timeout(EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents) {
    redraw_screen();
    STOP_TIMER(w);
}

static bool skip_without_validation(void) {
    if (input_position != 0)
        return false;

    if (skip_repeated_empty_password || ignore_empty_password)
        return true;

    return false;
}

/*
 * Handle key presses. Fixes state, then looks up the key symbol for the
 * given keycode, then looks up the key symbol (as UCS-2), converts it to
 * UTF-8 and stores it in the password array.
 *
 */
static void handle_key_press(xcb_key_press_event_t *event) {
    xkb_keysym_t ksym;
    char buffer[128];
    int n;
    bool ctrl;
#if XKBCOMPOSE == 1
    bool composed = false;
#endif

    ksym = xkb_state_key_get_one_sym(xkb_state, event->detail);
    ctrl = xkb_state_mod_name_is_active(xkb_state, XKB_MOD_NAME_CTRL, XKB_STATE_MODS_DEPRESSED);

    /* The buffer will be null-terminated, so n >= 2 for 1 actual character. */
    memset(buffer, '\0', sizeof(buffer));

#if XKBCOMPOSE == 1
    if (xkb_compose_state && xkb_compose_state_feed(xkb_compose_state, ksym) == XKB_COMPOSE_FEED_ACCEPTED) {
        switch (xkb_compose_state_get_status(xkb_compose_state)) {
            case XKB_COMPOSE_NOTHING:
                break;
            case XKB_COMPOSE_COMPOSING:
                return;
            case XKB_COMPOSE_COMPOSED:
                /* xkb_compose_state_get_utf8 doesn't include the terminating byte in the return value
             * as xkb_keysym_to_utf8 does. Adding one makes the variable n consistent. */
                n = xkb_compose_state_get_utf8(xkb_compose_state, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) + 1;
                ksym = xkb_compose_state_get_one_sym(xkb_compose_state);
                composed = true;
                break;
            case XKB_COMPOSE_CANCELLED:
                xkb_compose_state_reset(xkb_compose_state);
                return;
        }
    }

    if (!composed) {
        n = xkb_keysym_to_utf8(ksym, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
    }
#else
    n = xkb_keysym_to_utf8(ksym, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
#endif

    switch (ksym) {
        case XKB_KEY_j:
        case XKB_KEY_m:
        case XKB_KEY_Return:
        case XKB_KEY_KP_Enter:
        case XKB_KEY_XF86ScreenSaver:
            if ((ksym == XKB_KEY_j || ksym == XKB_KEY_m) && !ctrl)
                break;

            if (auth_state == STATE_AUTH_WRONG) {
                retry_verification = true;
                return;
            }

            if (skip_without_validation()) {
                clear_input();
                return;
            }
            finish_input();
            skip_repeated_empty_password = true;
            return;
        default:
            skip_repeated_empty_password = false;
    }

    switch (ksym) {
        case XKB_KEY_u:
        case XKB_KEY_Escape:
            if ((ksym == XKB_KEY_u && ctrl) ||
                ksym == XKB_KEY_Escape) {
                DEBUG("C-u pressed\n");
                clear_input();
                /* Also hide the unlock indicator */
                if (unlock_indicator)
                    clear_indicator();
                return;
            }
            break;

        case XKB_KEY_Delete:
        case XKB_KEY_KP_Delete:
            /* Deleting forward doesn’t make sense, as i3lock doesn’t allow you
             * to move the cursor when entering a password. We need to eat this
             * key press so that it won’t be treated as part of the password,
             * see issue #50. */
            return;

        case XKB_KEY_h:
        case XKB_KEY_BackSpace:
            if (ksym == XKB_KEY_h && !ctrl)
                break;

            if (input_position == 0) {
                START_TIMER(clear_indicator_timeout, 1.0, clear_indicator_cb);
                unlock_state = STATE_NOTHING_TO_DELETE;
                redraw_screen();
                return;
            }

            /* decrement input_position to point to the previous glyph */
            u8_dec(password, &input_position);
            password[input_position] = '\0';

            /* Hide the unlock indicator after a bit if the password buffer is
             * empty. */
            START_TIMER(clear_indicator_timeout, 1.0, clear_indicator_cb);
            unlock_state = STATE_BACKSPACE_ACTIVE;
            redraw_screen();
            unlock_state = STATE_KEY_PRESSED;
            return;
    }

    if ((input_position + 8) >= (int)sizeof(password))
        return;

#if 0
    /* FIXME: handle all of these? */
    printf("is_keypad_key = %d\n", xcb_is_keypad_key(sym));
    printf("is_private_keypad_key = %d\n", xcb_is_private_keypad_key(sym));
    printf("xcb_is_cursor_key = %d\n", xcb_is_cursor_key(sym));
    printf("xcb_is_pf_key = %d\n", xcb_is_pf_key(sym));
    printf("xcb_is_function_key = %d\n", xcb_is_function_key(sym));
    printf("xcb_is_misc_function_key = %d\n", xcb_is_misc_function_key(sym));
    printf("xcb_is_modifier_key = %d\n", xcb_is_modifier_key(sym));
#endif

    if (n < 2)
        return;

    /* store it in the password array as UTF-8 */
    memcpy(password + input_position, buffer, n - 1);
    input_position += n - 1;
    DEBUG("current password = %.*s\n", input_position, password);

    if (unlock_indicator) {
        unlock_state = STATE_KEY_ACTIVE;
        redraw_screen();
        unlock_state = STATE_KEY_PRESSED;

        struct ev_timer *timeout = NULL;
        START_TIMER(timeout, TSTAMP_N_SECS(0.25), redraw_timeout);
        STOP_TIMER(clear_indicator_timeout);
    }

    START_TIMER(discard_passwd_timeout, TSTAMP_N_MINS(3), discard_passwd_cb);
}

/*
 * A visibility notify event will be received when the visibility (= can the
 * user view the complete window) changes, so for example when a popup overlays
 * some area of the i3lock window.
 *
 * In this case, we raise our window on top so that the popup (or whatever is
 * hiding us) gets hidden.
 *
 */
static void handle_visibility_notify(xcb_connection_t *conn,
                                     xcb_visibility_notify_event_t *event) {
    if (event->state != XCB_VISIBILITY_UNOBSCURED) {
        uint32_t values[] = {XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE};
        xcb_configure_window(conn, event->window, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, values);
        xcb_flush(conn);
    }
}

/*
 * Called when the keyboard mapping changes. We update our symbols.
 *
 * We ignore errors — if the new keymap cannot be loaded it’s better if the
 * screen stays locked and the user intervenes by using killall i3lock.
 *
 */
static void process_xkb_event(xcb_generic_event_t *gevent) {
    union xkb_event {
        struct {
            uint8_t response_type;
            uint8_t xkbType;
            uint16_t sequence;
            xcb_timestamp_t time;
            uint8_t deviceID;
        } any;
        xcb_xkb_new_keyboard_notify_event_t new_keyboard_notify;
        xcb_xkb_map_notify_event_t map_notify;
        xcb_xkb_state_notify_event_t state_notify;
    } *event = (union xkb_event *)gevent;

    DEBUG("process_xkb_event for device %d\n", event->any.deviceID);

    if (event->any.deviceID != xkb_x11_get_core_keyboard_device_id(conn))
        return;

    /*
     * XkbNewKkdNotify and XkbMapNotify together capture all sorts of keymap
     * updates (e.g. xmodmap, xkbcomp, setxkbmap), with minimal redundent
     * recompilations.
     */
    switch (event->any.xkbType) {
        case XCB_XKB_NEW_KEYBOARD_NOTIFY:
            if (event->new_keyboard_notify.changed & XCB_XKB_NKN_DETAIL_KEYCODES)
                (void)load_keymap();
            break;

        case XCB_XKB_MAP_NOTIFY:
            (void)load_keymap();
            break;

        case XCB_XKB_STATE_NOTIFY:
            xkb_state_update_mask(xkb_state,
                                  event->state_notify.baseMods,
                                  event->state_notify.latchedMods,
                                  event->state_notify.lockedMods,
                                  event->state_notify.baseGroup,
                                  event->state_notify.latchedGroup,
                                  event->state_notify.lockedGroup);
            break;
    }
}

/*
 * Called when the properties on the root window change, e.g. when the screen
 * resolution changes. If so we update the window to cover the whole screen
 * and also redraw the image, if any.
 *
 */
void handle_screen_resize(void) {
    xcb_get_geometry_cookie_t geomc;
    xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *geom;
    geomc = xcb_get_geometry(conn, screen->root);
    if ((geom = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, geomc, 0)) == NULL)
        return;

    if (last_resolution[0] == geom->width &&
        last_resolution[1] == geom->height) {
        free(geom);
        return;
    }

    last_resolution[0] = geom->width;
    last_resolution[1] = geom->height;

    free(geom);

    redraw_screen();

    uint32_t mask = XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT;
    xcb_configure_window(conn, win, mask, last_resolution);
    xcb_flush(conn);

    randr_query(screen->root);
    redraw_screen();
}

static bool verify_png_image(const char *image_path) {
    if (!image_path) {
        return false;
    }

    /* Check file exists and has correct PNG header */
    FILE *png_file = fopen(image_path, "r");
    if (png_file == NULL) {
        DEBUG("Image file path \"%s\" cannot be opened: %s\n", image_path, strerror(errno));
        return false;
    }
    unsigned char png_header[8];
    memset(png_header, '\0', sizeof(png_header));
    int bytes_read = fread(png_header, 1, sizeof(png_header), png_file);
    fclose(png_file);
    if (bytes_read != sizeof(png_header)) {
        DEBUG("Could not read PNG header from \"%s\"\n", image_path);
        return false;
    }

    // Check PNG header according to the specification, available at:
    // https://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110/#5PNG-file-signature
    static unsigned char PNG_REFERENCE_HEADER[8] = { 137, 80, 78, 71, 13, 10, 26, 10 };
    if (memcmp(PNG_REFERENCE_HEADER, png_header, sizeof(png_header)) != 0) {
        DEBUG("File \"%s\" does not start with a PNG header. i3lock currently only supports loading PNG files.\n", image_path);
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

#ifndef __OpenBSD__
/*
 * Callback function for PAM. We only react on password request callbacks.
 *
 */
static int conv_callback(int num_msg, const struct pam_message **msg,
                         struct pam_response **resp, void *appdata_ptr) {
    if (num_msg == 0)
        return 1;

    /* PAM expects an array of responses, one for each message */
    if ((*resp = calloc(num_msg, sizeof(struct pam_response))) == NULL) {
        perror("calloc");
        return 1;
    }

    for (int c = 0; c < num_msg; c++) {
        if (msg[c]->msg_style != PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF &&
            msg[c]->msg_style != PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_ON)
            continue;

        /* return code is currently not used but should be set to zero */
        resp[c]->resp_retcode = 0;
        if ((resp[c]->resp = strdup(password)) == NULL) {
            perror("strdup");
            return 1;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}
#endif

/*
 * This callback is only a dummy, see xcb_prepare_cb and xcb_check_cb.
 * See also man libev(3): "ev_prepare" and "ev_check" - customise your event loop
 *
 */
static void xcb_got_event(EV_P_ struct ev_io *w, int revents) {
    /* empty, because xcb_prepare_cb and xcb_check_cb are used */
}

/*
 * Flush before blocking (and waiting for new events)
 *
 */
static void xcb_prepare_cb(EV_P_ ev_prepare *w, int revents) {
    xcb_flush(conn);
}

/*
 * Try closing logind sleep lock fd passed over from xss-lock, in case we're
 * being run from there.
 *
 */
static void maybe_close_sleep_lock_fd(void) {
    const char *sleep_lock_fd = getenv("XSS_SLEEP_LOCK_FD");
    char *endptr;
    if (sleep_lock_fd && *sleep_lock_fd != 0) {
        long int fd = strtol(sleep_lock_fd, &endptr, 10);
        if (*endptr == 0) {
            close(fd);
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Instead of polling the X connection socket we leave this to
 * xcb_poll_for_event() which knows better than we can ever know.
 *
 */
static void xcb_check_cb(EV_P_ ev_check *w, int revents) {
    xcb_generic_event_t *event;

    if (xcb_connection_has_error(conn))
        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "X11 connection broke, did your server terminate?\n");

    while ((event = xcb_poll_for_event(conn)) != NULL) {
        if (event->response_type == 0) {
            xcb_generic_error_t *error = (xcb_generic_error_t *)event;
            if (debug_mode)
                fprintf(stderr, "X11 Error received! sequence 0x%x, error_code = %d\n",
                        error->sequence, error->error_code);
            free(event);
            continue;
        }

        /* Strip off the highest bit (set if the event is generated) */
        int type = (event->response_type & 0x7F);

        switch (type) {
            case XCB_KEY_PRESS:
                handle_key_press((xcb_key_press_event_t *)event);
                break;

            case XCB_VISIBILITY_NOTIFY:
                handle_visibility_notify(conn, (xcb_visibility_notify_event_t *)event);
                break;

            case XCB_MAP_NOTIFY:
                maybe_close_sleep_lock_fd();
                if (!dont_fork) {
                    /* After the first MapNotify, we never fork again. We don’t
                     * expect to get another MapNotify, but better be sure… */
                    dont_fork = true;

                    /* In the parent process, we exit */
                    if (fork() != 0)
                        exit(0);

                    ev_loop_fork(EV_DEFAULT);
                }
                break;

            case XCB_CONFIGURE_NOTIFY:
                handle_screen_resize();
                break;

            default:
                if (type == xkb_base_event) {
                    process_xkb_event(event);
                }
                if (randr_base > -1 &&
                    type == randr_base + XCB_RANDR_SCREEN_CHANGE_NOTIFY) {
                    randr_query(screen->root);
                    handle_screen_resize();
                }
        }

        free(event);
    }
}

/*
 * This function is called from a fork()ed child and will raise the i3lock
 * window when the window is obscured, even when the main i3lock process is
 * blocked due to the authentication backend.
 *
 */
static void raise_loop(xcb_window_t window) {
    xcb_connection_t *conn;
    xcb_generic_event_t *event;
    int screens;

    if (xcb_connection_has_error((conn = xcb_connect(NULL, &screens))) > 0)
        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot open display\n");

    /* We need to know about the window being obscured or getting destroyed. */
    xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK,
                                 (uint32_t[]){
                                     XCB_EVENT_MASK_VISIBILITY_CHANGE |
                                     XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY});
    xcb_flush(conn);

    DEBUG("Watching window 0x%08x\n", window);
    while ((event = xcb_wait_for_event(conn)) != NULL) {
        if (event->response_type == 0) {
            xcb_generic_error_t *error = (xcb_generic_error_t *)event;
            DEBUG("X11 Error received! sequence 0x%x, error_code = %d\n",
                  error->sequence, error->error_code);
            free(event);
            continue;
        }
        /* Strip off the highest bit (set if the event is generated) */
        int type = (event->response_type & 0x7F);
        DEBUG("Read event of type %d\n", type);
        switch (type) {
            case XCB_VISIBILITY_NOTIFY:
                handle_visibility_notify(conn, (xcb_visibility_notify_event_t *)event);
                break;
            case XCB_UNMAP_NOTIFY:
                DEBUG("UnmapNotify for 0x%08x\n", (((xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *)event)->window));
                if (((xcb_unmap_notify_event_t *)event)->window == window)
                    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
                break;
            case XCB_DESTROY_NOTIFY:
                DEBUG("DestroyNotify for 0x%08x\n", (((xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *)event)->window));
                if (((xcb_destroy_notify_event_t *)event)->window == window)
                    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
                break;
            default:
                DEBUG("Unhandled event type %d\n", type);
                break;
        }
        free(event);
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    struct passwd *pw;
    char *username;
    char *image_path = NULL;
    JPEG_INFO jpg_info;
#ifndef __OpenBSD__
    int ret;
    struct pam_conv conv = {conv_callback, NULL};
#endif
    int curs_choice = CURS_NONE;
    int o;
    int longoptind = 0;
    struct option longopts[] = {
        {"version", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
        {"nofork", no_argument, NULL, 'n'},
        {"beep", no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
        {"dpms", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
        {"color", required_argument, NULL, 'c'},
        {"pointer", required_argument, NULL, 'p'},
        {"debug", no_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
        {"no-unlock-indicator", no_argument, NULL, 'u'},
        {"image", required_argument, NULL, 'i'},
        {"tiling", no_argument, NULL, 't'},
        {"ignore-empty-password", no_argument, NULL, 'e'},
        {"inactivity-timeout", required_argument, NULL, 'I'},
        {"show-failed-attempts", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
        /* options for unlock indicator colors */
        // defining a lot of different chars here for the options -- TODO find a nicer way for this, maybe not offering single character options at all
        {"insidevercolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},   // --i-v
        {"insidewrongcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0}, // --i-w
        {"insidecolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},      // --i-c
        {"ringvercolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},     // --r-v
        {"ringwrongcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},   // --r-w
        {"ringcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},        // --r-c
        {"linecolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},        // --l-c
        {"verifcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"wrongcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"layoutcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"timecolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"datecolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"keyhlcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},       // --k-c
        {"bshlcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},        // --b-c
        {"separatorcolor", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"line-uses-ring", no_argument, NULL, 'r'},
        {"line-uses-inside", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
        /* s for in_s_ide; ideally I'd use -I but that's used for timeout, which should use -T, but compatibility argh
         * note: `I` has been deprecated for a while, so I might just remove that and reshuffle that? */
        {"screen", required_argument, NULL, 'S'},
        {"blur", required_argument, NULL, 'B'},
        {"clock", no_argument, NULL, 'k'},
        {"force-clock", no_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"indicator", no_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"refresh-rate", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"composite", no_argument, NULL, 0},

        {"verif-align", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"wrong-align", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"time-align", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"date-align", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"layout-align", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"modif-align", required_argument, NULL, 0},

        {"timestr", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"datestr", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"keylayout", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"time-font", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"date-font", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"verif-font", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"wrong-font", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"layout-font", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"verifsize", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"wrongsize", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"timesize", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"datesize", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"layoutsize", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"timepos", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"datepos", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"layoutpos", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"statuspos", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"modifpos", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"indpos", required_argument, NULL, 0},

        {"veriftext", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"wrongtext", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"modsize", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"radius", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"ring-width", required_argument, NULL, 0},

        {"bar-indicator", no_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-direction", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-width", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-orientation", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-step", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-max-height", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-base-width", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-color", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-periodic-step", required_argument, NULL, 0},
        {"bar-position", required_argument, NULL, 0},

        {"redraw-thread", no_argument, NULL, 0},

        {NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0}};

    if ((pw = getpwuid(getuid())) == NULL)
        err(EXIT_FAILURE, "getpwuid() failed");
    if ((username = pw->pw_name) == NULL)
        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "pw->pw_name is NULL.\n");

    char *optstring = "hvnbdc:p:ui:teI:frsS:kB:";
    while ((o = getopt_long(argc, argv, optstring, longopts, &longoptind)) != -1) {
        switch (o) {
            case 'v':
                errx(EXIT_SUCCESS, "version " I3LOCK_VERSION " © 2010 Michael Stapelberg");
            case 'n':
                dont_fork = true;
                break;
            case 'b':
                beep = true;
                break;
            case 'd':
                fprintf(stderr, "DPMS support has been removed from i3lock. Please see the manpage i3lock(1).\n");
                break;
            case 'I': {
                fprintf(stderr, "Inactivity timeout only makes sense with DPMS, which was removed. Please see the manpage i3lock(1).\n");
                break;
            }
            case 'c': {
                char *arg = optarg;

                /* Skip # if present */
                if (arg[0] == '#')
                    arg++;

                if (strlen(arg) != 6 || sscanf(arg, "%06[0-9a-fA-F]", color) != 1)
                    errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "color is invalid, it must be given in 3-byte hexadecimal format: rrggbb\n");

                break;
            }
            case 'u':
                unlock_indicator = false;
                break;
            case 'i':
                image_path = strdup(optarg);
                break;
            case 't':
                tile = true;
                break;
            case 'p':
                if (!strcmp(optarg, "win")) {
                    curs_choice = CURS_WIN;
                } else if (!strcmp(optarg, "default")) {
                    curs_choice = CURS_DEFAULT;
                } else {
                    errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "i3lock: Invalid pointer type given. Expected one of \"win\" or \"default\".\n");
                }
                break;
            case 'e':
                ignore_empty_password = true;
                break;
            case 'r':
                if (internal_line_source != 0) {
                  errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "i3lock-color: Options line-uses-ring and line-uses-inside conflict.");
                }
                internal_line_source = 1; //sets the line drawn inside to use the inside color when drawn
                break;
            case 's':
                if (internal_line_source != 0) {
                  errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "i3lock-color: Options line-uses-ring and line-uses-inside conflict.");
                }
                internal_line_source = 2;
                break;
            case 'S':
                screen_number = atoi(optarg);
                break;

            case 'k':
                show_clock = true;
                break;
            case 'B':
                blur = true;
                blur_sigma = atoi(optarg);
                break;
            case 0:
                if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "debug") == 0)
                    debug_mode = true;
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "indicator") == 0) {
                    show_indicator = true;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "insidevercolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", insidevercolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "insidevercolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "insidewrongcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", insidewrongcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "insidewrongcolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "insidecolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", insidecolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "insidecolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "ringvercolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", ringvercolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "ringvercolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbb\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "ringwrongcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", ringwrongcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "ringwrongcolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbb\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "ringcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", ringcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "ringcolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbb\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "linecolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", linecolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "linecolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbb\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "verifcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", verifcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "verifcolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "wrongcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", wrongcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "wrongcolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "layoutcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", layoutcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "layoutcolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "timecolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", timecolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "timecolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "datecolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", datecolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "datecolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "keyhlcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", keyhlcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "keyhlcolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bshlcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", bshlcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "bshlcolor is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "separatorcolor") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", separatorcolor) != 1)
                        errx(1, "separator is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "keylayout") == 0) {
                    // if layout is NULL, do nothing
                    // if not NULL, attempt to display stuff
                    // need to code some sane defaults for it
                    keylayout_mode = atoi(optarg);
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "timestr") == 0) {
                    //read in to timestr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        errx(1, "time format string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    strcpy(time_format,optarg);
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "datestr") == 0) {
                    //read in to datestr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        errx(1, "time format string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    strcpy(date_format,optarg);
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "layout-font") == 0) {
                    //read in to time_font
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        errx(1, "layout font string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    strcpy(fonts[LAYOUT_FONT],optarg);
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "time-font") == 0) {
                    //read in to time_font
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        errx(1, "time font string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    strcpy(fonts[TIME_FONT],optarg);
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "date-font") == 0) {
                    //read in to date_font
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        errx(1, "date font string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    strcpy(fonts[DATE_FONT],optarg);
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "verif-font") == 0) {
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        errx(1, "verif font string can be at most 31 "
                                "characters\n");
                    }
                    strcpy(fonts[VERIF_FONT],optarg);
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "wrong-font") == 0) {
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        errx(1, "wrong font string can be at most 31 "
                                "characters\n");
                    }
                    strcpy(fonts[WRONG_FONT],optarg);
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "timesize") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    if (sscanf(arg, "%lf", &time_size) != 1)
                        errx(1, "timesize must be a number\n");
                    if (time_size < 1)
                        errx(1, "timesize must be larger than 0\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "datesize") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    if (sscanf(arg, "%lf", &date_size) != 1)
                        errx(1, "datesize must be a number\n");
                    if (date_size < 1)
                        errx(1, "datesize must be larger than 0\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "layoutsize") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    if (sscanf(arg, "%lf", &layout_size) != 1)
                        errx(1, "layoutsize must be a number\n");
                    if (date_size < 1)
                        errx(1, "layoutsize must be larger than 0\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "indpos") == 0) {
                    //read in to ind_x_expr and ind_y_expr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        // this is overly restrictive since both the x and y string buffers have size 32, but it's easier to check.
                        errx(1, "indicator position string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    if (sscanf(arg, "%30[^:]:%30[^:]", ind_x_expr, ind_y_expr) != 2) {
                        errx(1, "indpos must be of the form x:y\n");
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "timepos") == 0) {
                    //read in to time_x_expr and time_y_expr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        // this is overly restrictive since both the x and y string buffers have size 32, but it's easier to check.
                        errx(1, "time position string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    if (sscanf(arg, "%30[^:]:%30[^:]", time_x_expr, time_y_expr) != 2) {
                        errx(1, "timepos must be of the form x:y\n");
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "datepos") == 0) {
                    //read in to date_x_expr and date_y_expr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        // this is overly restrictive since both the x and y string buffers have size 32, but it's easier to check.
                        errx(1, "date position string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    if (sscanf(arg, "%30[^:]:%30[^:]", date_x_expr, date_y_expr) != 2) {
                        errx(1, "datepos must be of the form x:y\n");
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "layoutpos") == 0) {
                    //read in to time_x_expr and time_y_expr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        // this is overly restrictive since both the x and y string buffers have size 32, but it's easier to check.
                        errx(1, "layout position string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    if (sscanf(arg, "%30[^:]:%30[^:]", layout_x_expr, layout_y_expr) != 2) {
                        errx(1, "layoutpos must be of the form x:y\n");
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "statuspos") == 0) {
                    //read in to time_x_expr and time_y_expr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        // this is overly restrictive since both the x and y string buffers have size 32, but it's easier to check.
                        errx(1, "status position string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    if (sscanf(arg, "%30[^:]:%30[^:]", status_x_expr, status_y_expr) != 2) {
                        errx(1, "statuspos must be of the form x:y\n");
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "modifpos") == 0) {
                    //read in to time_x_expr and time_y_expr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        // this is overly restrictive since both the x and y string buffers have size 32, but it's easier to check.
                        errx(1, "modif position string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    if (sscanf(arg, "%30[^:]:%30[^:]", modif_x_expr, modif_y_expr) != 2) {
                        errx(1, "modifpos must be of the form x:y\n");
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "refresh-rate") == 0) {
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    refresh_rate = strtof(arg, NULL);
                    if (refresh_rate < 0.0) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "The given refresh rate of %fs is less than zero seconds and was ignored.\n", refresh_rate);
                        refresh_rate = 1.0;
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "composite") == 0) {
                    composite = true;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "veriftext") == 0) {
                    verif_text = optarg;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "wrongtext") == 0) {
                    wrong_text = optarg;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "verifsize") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    if (sscanf(arg, "%lf", &verif_size) != 1)
                        errx(1, "verifsize must be a number\n");
                    if (verif_size < 1) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "verifsize must be a positive integer; ignoring...\n");
                        verif_size = 28.0;
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "wrongsize") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    if (sscanf(arg, "%lf", &wrong_size) != 1)
                        errx(1, "wrongsize must be a number\n");
                    if (wrong_size < 1) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "wrongsize must be a positive integer; ignoring...\n");
                        wrong_size = 28.0;
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "modsize") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    if (sscanf(arg, "%lf", &modifier_size) != 1)
                        errx(1, "modsize must be a number\n");
                    if (modifier_size < 1) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "modsize must be a positive integer; ignoring...\n");
                        modifier_size = 14.0;
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "radius") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    if (sscanf(arg, "%lf", &circle_radius) != 1)
                        errx(1, "radius must be a number\n");
                    if (circle_radius < 1) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "radius must be a positive integer; ignoring...\n");
                        circle_radius = 90.0;
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "ring-width") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;
                    double new_width = 0;
                    if (sscanf(arg, "%lf", &new_width) != 1)
                        errx(1, "ring-width must be a number\n");
                    if (new_width < 1) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "ring-width must be a positive integer; ignoring...\n");
                    }
                    else {
                        ring_width = new_width;
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "verif-align") == 0) {
                    int opt = atoi(optarg);
                    if (opt < 0 || opt > 2) opt = 0;
                    verif_align = opt;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "wrong-align") == 0) {
                    int opt = atoi(optarg);
                    if (opt < 0 || opt > 2) opt = 0;
                    wrong_align = opt;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "time-align") == 0) {
                    int opt = atoi(optarg);
                    if (opt < 0 || opt > 2) opt = 0;
                    time_align = opt;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "date-align") == 0) {
                    int opt = atoi(optarg);
                    if (opt < 0 || opt > 2) opt = 0;
                    date_align = opt;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "layout-align") == 0) {
                    int opt = atoi(optarg);
                    if (opt < 0 || opt > 2) opt = 0;
                    layout_align = opt;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "force-clock") == 0) {
                    show_clock = true;
                    always_show_clock = true;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-indicator") == 0) {
                    bar_enabled = true;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-direction") == 0) {
                    int opt = atoi(optarg);
                    switch(opt) {
                        case BAR_REVERSED:
                            bar_reversed = true;
                            break;
                        case BAR_BIDIRECTIONAL:
                            bar_bidirectional = true;
                            break;
                        case BAR_DEFAULT:
                        default:
                            break;
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-width") == 0) {
                    bar_width = atoi(optarg);
                    if (bar_width < 1) bar_width = 150;
                    // num_bars and bar_heights* initialized later when we grab display info
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-orientation") == 0) {
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    if (strcmp(arg, "vertical") == 0)
                        bar_orientation = BAR_VERT;
                    else if (strcmp(arg, "horizontal") == 0)
                        bar_orientation = BAR_FLAT;
                    else
                        errx(1, "bar orientation must be \"vertical\" or \"horizontal\"\n");
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-step") == 0) {
                    bar_step = atoi(optarg);
                    if (bar_step < 1) bar_step = 15;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-max-height") == 0) {
                    max_bar_height = atoi(optarg);
                    if (max_bar_height < 1) max_bar_height = 25;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-base-width") == 0) {
                    bar_base_height = atoi(optarg);
                    if (bar_base_height < 1) bar_base_height = 25;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-color") == 0) {
                    char *arg = optarg;

                    /* Skip # if present */
                    if (arg[0] == '#')
                        arg++;

                    if (strlen(arg) != 8 || sscanf(arg, "%08[0-9a-fA-F]", bar_base_color) != 1)
                        errx(1, "bar-color is invalid, color must be given in 4-byte format: rrggbbaa\n");

                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-periodic-step") == 0) {
                    int tmp = atoi(optarg);
                    if (tmp > 0)
                        bar_periodic_step = tmp;
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "bar-position") == 0) {
                    //read in to ind_x_expr and ind_y_expr
                    if (strlen(optarg) > 31) {
                        // this is overly restrictive since both the x and y string buffers have size 32, but it's easier to check.
                        errx(1, "indicator position string can be at most 31 characters\n");
                    }
                    char* arg = optarg;
                    if (sscanf(arg, "%31s", bar_expr) != 1) {
                        errx(1, "bar-position must be of the form [pos] with a max length of 31\n");
                    }
                }
                else if (strcmp(longopts[longoptind].name, "redraw-thread") == 0) {
                    redraw_thread = true;
                }

                break;
            case 'f':
                show_failed_attempts = true;
                break;
            default:
                errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Syntax: i3lock [-v] [-n] [-b] [-d] [-c color] [-u] [-p win|default]"
                                   " [-i image.png] [-t] [-e] [-f]\n"
                                   "Please see the manpage for a full list of arguments.");
        }
    }

    /* We need (relatively) random numbers for highlighting a random part of
     * the unlock indicator upon keypresses. */
    srand(time(NULL));

#ifndef __OpenBSD__
    /* Initialize PAM */
    if ((ret = pam_start("i3lock", username, &conv, &pam_handle)) != PAM_SUCCESS)
        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "PAM: %s", pam_strerror(pam_handle, ret));

    if ((ret = pam_set_item(pam_handle, PAM_TTY, getenv("DISPLAY"))) != PAM_SUCCESS)
        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "PAM: %s", pam_strerror(pam_handle, ret));
#endif

/* Using mlock() as non-super-user seems only possible in Linux.
 * Users of other operating systems should use encrypted swap/no swap
 * (or remove the ifdef and run i3lock as super-user).
 * Alas, swap is encrypted by default on OpenBSD so swapping out
 * is not necessarily an issue. */
#if defined(__linux__)
    /* Lock the area where we store the password in memory, we don’t want it to
     * be swapped to disk. Since Linux 2.6.9, this does not require any
     * privileges, just enough bytes in the RLIMIT_MEMLOCK limit. */
    if (mlock(password, sizeof(password)) != 0)
        err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not lock page in memory, check RLIMIT_MEMLOCK");
#endif

    /* Double checking that connection is good and operatable with xcb */
    int screennr;
    if ((conn = xcb_connect(NULL, &screennr)) == NULL ||
        xcb_connection_has_error(conn))
            errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not connect to X11, maybe you need to set DISPLAY?");



    if (xkb_x11_setup_xkb_extension(conn,
                                    XKB_X11_MIN_MAJOR_XKB_VERSION,
                                    XKB_X11_MIN_MINOR_XKB_VERSION,
                                    0,
                                    NULL,
                                    NULL,
                                    &xkb_base_event,
                                    &xkb_base_error) != 1)
        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not setup XKB extension.");

    layout_text = get_keylayoutname(keylayout_mode, conn);
    if (layout_text)
        show_clock = true;
    static const xcb_xkb_map_part_t required_map_parts =
        (XCB_XKB_MAP_PART_KEY_TYPES |
         XCB_XKB_MAP_PART_KEY_SYMS |
         XCB_XKB_MAP_PART_MODIFIER_MAP |
         XCB_XKB_MAP_PART_EXPLICIT_COMPONENTS |
         XCB_XKB_MAP_PART_KEY_ACTIONS |
         XCB_XKB_MAP_PART_VIRTUAL_MODS |
         XCB_XKB_MAP_PART_VIRTUAL_MOD_MAP);

    static const xcb_xkb_event_type_t required_events =
        (XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_NEW_KEYBOARD_NOTIFY |
         XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_MAP_NOTIFY |
         XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_STATE_NOTIFY);

    xcb_xkb_select_events(
        conn,
        xkb_x11_get_core_keyboard_device_id(conn),
        required_events,
        0,
        required_events,
        required_map_parts,
        required_map_parts,
        0);

    /* When we cannot initially load the keymap, we better exit */
    if (!load_keymap())
        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not load keymap");


    const char *locale = getenv("LC_ALL");
    if (!locale || !*locale)
        locale = getenv("LC_TIME");
    if (!locale || !*locale)
        locale = getenv("LC_CTYPE");
    if (!locale || !*locale)
        locale = getenv("LANG");
    if (!locale || !*locale) {
        if (debug_mode)
            fprintf(stderr, "Can't detect your locale, fallback to C\n");
        locale = "C";
    }

    setlocale(LC_ALL, locale);

#if XKBCOMPOSE == 1
    load_compose_table(locale);
#endif


    screen = xcb_setup_roots_iterator(xcb_get_setup(conn)).data;

    randr_init(&randr_base, screen->root);
    randr_query(screen->root);

    last_resolution[0] = screen->width_in_pixels;
    last_resolution[1] = screen->height_in_pixels;

    if (bar_enabled && bar_width > 0) {
        int tmp = screen->width_in_pixels;
        if (bar_orientation == BAR_VERT) tmp = screen->height_in_pixels;
        num_bars = tmp / bar_width;
        if (tmp % bar_width != 0) ++num_bars;

        bar_heights = (double*) calloc(num_bars, sizeof(double));
    }

    xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, screen->root, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK,
                                 (uint32_t[]){XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY});

    init_colors_once();
    if (verify_png_image(image_path)) {
        /* Create a pixmap to render on, fill it with the background color */
        img = cairo_image_surface_create_from_png(image_path);
    } else if (file_is_jpg(image_path)) {
        DEBUG("Image looks like a jpeg, decoding\n");
        unsigned char* jpg_data = read_JPEG_file(image_path, &jpg_info);
            if (jpg_data != NULL) {
                img = cairo_image_surface_create_for_data(jpg_data,
                        CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32, jpg_info.width, jpg_info.height,
                        jpg_info.stride);
            }
    }
    /* In case loading failed, we just pretend no -i was specified. */
    if (img && cairo_surface_status(img) != CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not load image \"%s\": %s\n",
                image_path, cairo_status_to_string(cairo_surface_status(img)));
        img = NULL;
    }
    free(image_path);

    xcb_pixmap_t* blur_pixmap = NULL;
    if (blur) {
        blur_pixmap = malloc(sizeof(xcb_pixmap_t));
        xcb_visualtype_t *vistype = get_root_visual_type(screen);
        *blur_pixmap = capture_bg_pixmap(conn, screen, last_resolution);
        cairo_surface_t *xcb_img = cairo_xcb_surface_create(conn, *blur_pixmap, vistype, last_resolution[0], last_resolution[1]);

        blur_img = cairo_image_surface_create(CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32, last_resolution[0], last_resolution[1]);
        cairo_t *ctx = cairo_create(blur_img);
        cairo_set_source_surface(ctx, xcb_img, 0, 0);
        cairo_paint(ctx);

        blur_image_surface(blur_img, blur_sigma);
        if (img) {
            if (!tile) {
                cairo_set_source_surface(ctx, img, 0, 0);
                cairo_paint(ctx);
            } else {
                /* create a pattern and fill a rectangle as big as the screen */
                cairo_pattern_t *pattern;
                pattern = cairo_pattern_create_for_surface(img);
                cairo_set_source(ctx, pattern);
                cairo_pattern_set_extend(pattern, CAIRO_EXTEND_REPEAT);
                cairo_rectangle(ctx, 0, 0, last_resolution[0], last_resolution[1]);
                cairo_fill(ctx);
                cairo_pattern_destroy(pattern);
            }
            cairo_set_source_surface(ctx, img, 0, 0);
            cairo_paint(ctx);
            cairo_surface_destroy(img);
            img = NULL;
        }
        cairo_destroy(ctx);
        cairo_surface_destroy(xcb_img);
    }

    /* Pixmap on which the image is rendered to (if any) */
    xcb_pixmap_t bg_pixmap = draw_image(last_resolution);

    xcb_window_t stolen_focus = find_focused_window(conn, screen->root);

    /* Open the fullscreen window, already with the correct pixmap in place */
    win = open_fullscreen_window(conn, screen, color, bg_pixmap);
    xcb_free_pixmap(conn, bg_pixmap);
    if (blur_pixmap) {
        xcb_free_pixmap(conn, *blur_pixmap);
        free(blur_pixmap);
        blur_pixmap = NULL;
    }


    cursor = create_cursor(conn, screen, win, curs_choice);

    /* Display the "locking…" message while trying to grab the pointer/keyboard. */
    auth_state = STATE_AUTH_LOCK;
    if (!grab_pointer_and_keyboard(conn, screen, cursor, 1000)) {
        DEBUG("stole focus from X11 window 0x%08x\n", stolen_focus);

        /* Set the focus to i3lock, possibly closing context menus which would
         * otherwise prevent us from grabbing keyboard/pointer.
         *
         * We cannot use set_focused_window because _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW only
         * works for managed windows, but i3lock uses an unmanaged window
         * (override_redirect=1). */
        xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_PARENT /* revert_to */, win, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
        if (!grab_pointer_and_keyboard(conn, screen, cursor, 9000)) {
            auth_state = STATE_I3LOCK_LOCK_FAILED;
            redraw_screen();
            sleep(1);
            errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot grab pointer/keyboard");
        }
    }

    pid_t pid = fork();
    /* The pid == -1 case is intentionally ignored here:
     * While the child process is useful for preventing other windows from
     * popping up while i3lock blocks, it is not critical. */
    if (pid == 0) {
        /* Child */
        close(xcb_get_file_descriptor(conn));
        maybe_close_sleep_lock_fd();
        raise_loop(win);
        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
    }

    /* Load the keymap again to sync the current modifier state. Since we first
     * loaded the keymap, there might have been changes, but starting from now,
     * we should get all key presses/releases due to having grabbed the
     * keyboard. */
    (void)load_keymap();

    /* Initialize the libev event loop. */
    main_loop = EV_DEFAULT;
    if (main_loop == NULL)
        errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not initialize libev. Bad LIBEV_FLAGS?\n");

    /* Explicitly call the screen redraw in case "locking…" message was displayed */
    auth_state = STATE_AUTH_IDLE;
    redraw_screen();

    struct ev_io *xcb_watcher = calloc(sizeof(struct ev_io), 1);
    struct ev_check *xcb_check = calloc(sizeof(struct ev_check), 1);
    struct ev_prepare *xcb_prepare = calloc(sizeof(struct ev_prepare), 1);

    ev_io_init(xcb_watcher, xcb_got_event, xcb_get_file_descriptor(conn), EV_READ);
    ev_io_start(main_loop, xcb_watcher);

    ev_check_init(xcb_check, xcb_check_cb);
    ev_check_start(main_loop, xcb_check);

    ev_prepare_init(xcb_prepare, xcb_prepare_cb);
    ev_prepare_start(main_loop, xcb_prepare);

    /* Invoke the event callback once to catch all the events which were
     * received up until now. ev will only pick up new events (when the X11
     * file descriptor becomes readable). */
    ev_invoke(main_loop, xcb_check, 0);

    if (show_clock || bar_enabled) {
        if (redraw_thread) {
            struct timespec ts;
            double s;
            double ns = modf(refresh_rate, &s);
            ts.tv_sec = (time_t) s;
            ts.tv_nsec = ns * NANOSECONDS_IN_SECOND;
            (void) pthread_create(&draw_thread, NULL, start_time_redraw_tick_pthread, (void*) &ts);
        } else {
            start_time_redraw_tick(main_loop);
        }
    }
    ev_loop(main_loop, 0);

    if (stolen_focus == XCB_NONE) {
        return 0;
    }

    DEBUG("restoring focus to X11 window 0x%08x\n", stolen_focus);
    xcb_ungrab_pointer(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
    xcb_ungrab_keyboard(conn, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
    xcb_destroy_window(conn, win);
    set_focused_window(conn, screen->root, stolen_focus);
    xcb_aux_sync(conn);

    return 0;
}