171 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
171 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
page_title: Running Docker with HTTPS
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page_description: How to setup and run Docker with HTTPS
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page_keywords: docker, docs, article, example, https, daemon, tls, ca, certificate
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# Running Docker with https
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By default, Docker runs via a non-networked Unix socket. It can also
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optionally communicate using a HTTP socket.
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If you need Docker to be reachable via the network in a safe manner, you can
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enable TLS by specifying the `tlsverify` flag and pointing Docker's
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`tlscacert` flag to a trusted CA certificate.
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In the daemon mode, it will only allow connections from clients
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authenticated by a certificate signed by that CA. In the client mode,
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it will only connect to servers with a certificate signed by that CA.
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> **Warning**:
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> Using TLS and managing a CA is an advanced topic. Please familiarize yourself
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> with OpenSSL, x509 and TLS before using it in production.
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> **Warning**:
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> These TLS commands will only generate a working set of certificates on Linux.
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> Mac OS X comes with a version of OpenSSL that is incompatible with the
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> certificates that Docker requires.
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## Create a CA, server and client keys with OpenSSL
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First generate CA private and public keys:
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$ openssl genrsa -aes256 -out ca-key.pem 2048
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Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
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......+++
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...............+++
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e is 65537 (0x10001)
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Enter pass phrase for ca-key.pem:
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Verifying - Enter pass phrase for ca-key.pem:
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$ openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca-key.pem -sha256 -out ca.pem
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Enter pass phrase for ca-key.pem:
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You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
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into your certificate request.
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What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
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There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
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For some fields there will be a default value,
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If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
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-----
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Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:
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State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Queensland
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Locality Name (eg, city) []:Brisbane
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Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Docker Inc
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Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Boot2Docker
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Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:your.host.com
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Email Address []:Sven@home.org.au
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Now that we have a CA, you can create a server key and certificate
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signing request (CSR). Make sure that "Common Name" (i.e. server FQDN or YOUR
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name) matches the hostname you will use to connect to Docker:
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$ openssl genrsa -out server-key.pem 2048
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Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
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......................................................+++
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............................................+++
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e is 65537 (0x10001)
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$ openssl req -subj '/CN=<Your Hostname Here>' -new -key server-key.pem -out server.csr
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Next, we're going to sign the key with our CA:
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$ openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem \
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-CAcreateserial -out server-cert.pem
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Signature ok
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subject=/CN=your.host.com
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Getting CA Private Key
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Enter pass phrase for ca-key.pem:
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For client authentication, create a client key and certificate signing
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request:
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$ openssl genrsa -out key.pem 2048
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Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
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...............................................+++
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...............................................................+++
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e is 65537 (0x10001)
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$ openssl req -subj '/CN=client' -new -key key.pem -out client.csr
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To make the key suitable for client authentication, create an extensions
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config file:
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$ echo extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth > extfile.cnf
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Now sign the key:
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$ openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in client.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem \
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-CAcreateserial -out cert.pem -extfile extfile.cnf
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Signature ok
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subject=/CN=client
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Getting CA Private Key
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Enter pass phrase for ca-key.pem:
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Now you can make the Docker daemon only accept connections from clients
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providing a certificate trusted by our CA:
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$ docker -d --tlsverify --tlscacert=ca.pem --tlscert=server-cert.pem --tlskey=server-key.pem \
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-H=0.0.0.0:2376
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To be able to connect to Docker and validate its certificate, you now
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need to provide your client keys, certificates and trusted CA:
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$ docker --tlsverify --tlscacert=ca.pem --tlscert=cert.pem --tlskey=key.pem \
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-H=dns-name-of-docker-host:2376 version
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> **Note**:
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> Docker over TLS should run on TCP port 2376.
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> **Warning**:
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> As shown in the example above, you don't have to run the `docker` client
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> with `sudo` or the `docker` group when you use certificate authentication.
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> That means anyone with the keys can give any instructions to your Docker
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> daemon, giving them root access to the machine hosting the daemon. Guard
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> these keys as you would a root password!
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## Secure by default
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If you want to secure your Docker client connections by default, you can move
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the files to the `.docker` directory in your home directory - and set the
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`DOCKER_HOST` and `DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY` variables as well (instead of passing
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`-H=tcp://:2376` and `--tlsverify` on every call).
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$ cp ca.pem ~/.docker/ca.pem
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$ cp cert.pem ~/.docker/cert.pem
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$ cp key.pem ~/.docker/key.pem
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$ export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://:2376
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$ export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY=1
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Docker will now connect securely by default:
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$ docker ps
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## Other modes
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If you don't want to have complete two-way authentication, you can run
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Docker in various other modes by mixing the flags.
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### Daemon modes
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- `tlsverify`, `tlscacert`, `tlscert`, `tlskey` set: Authenticate clients
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- `tls`, `tlscert`, `tlskey`: Do not authenticate clients
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### Client modes
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- `tls`: Authenticate server based on public/default CA pool
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- `tlsverify`, `tlscacert`: Authenticate server based on given CA
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- `tls`, `tlscert`, `tlskey`: Authenticate with client certificate, do not
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authenticate server based on given CA
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- `tlsverify`, `tlscacert`, `tlscert`, `tlskey`: Authenticate with client
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certificate and authenticate server based on given CA
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If found, the client will send its client certificate, so you just need
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to drop your keys into `~/.docker/<ca, cert or key>.pem`. Alternatively,
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if you want to store your keys in another location, you can specify that
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location using the environment variable `DOCKER_CERT_PATH`.
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$ export DOCKER_CERT_PATH=${HOME}/.docker/zone1/
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$ docker --tlsverify ps
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### Connecting to the Secure Docker port using `curl`
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To use `curl` to make test API requests, you need to use three extra command line
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flags:
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$ curl --insecure --cert ~/.docker/cert.pem --key ~/.docker/key.pem https://boot2docker:2376/images/json`
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