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321 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
321 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
page_title: Installation on Ubuntu
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page_description: Please note this project is currently under heavy development. It should not be used in production.
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page_keywords: Docker, Docker documentation, requirements, virtualbox, vagrant, git, ssh, putty, cygwin, linux
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# Ubuntu
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> **Warning**:
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> These instructions have changed for 0.6. If you are upgrading from an
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> earlier version, you will need to follow them again.
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> **Note**:
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> Docker is still under heavy development! We don’t recommend using it in
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> production yet, but we’re getting closer with each release. Please see
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> our blog post, [Getting to Docker 1.0](
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> http://blog.docker.io/2013/08/getting-to-docker-1-0/)
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Docker is supported on the following versions of Ubuntu:
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- [*Ubuntu Precise 12.04 (LTS) (64-bit)*](#ubuntu-precise-1204-lts-64-bit)
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- [*Ubuntu Raring 13.04 and Saucy 13.10 (64
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bit)*](#ubuntu-raring-1304-and-saucy-1310-64-bit)
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Please read [*Docker and UFW*](#docker-and-ufw), if you plan to use [UFW
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(Uncomplicated Firewall)](https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UFW)
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## Ubuntu Precise 12.04 (LTS) (64-bit)
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This installation path should work at all times.
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### Dependencies
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**Linux kernel 3.8**
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Due to a bug in LXC, Docker works best on the 3.8 kernel. Precise comes
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with a 3.2 kernel, so we need to upgrade it. The kernel you’ll install
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when following these steps comes with AUFS built in. We also include the
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generic headers to enable packages that depend on them, like ZFS and the
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VirtualBox guest additions. If you didn’t install the headers for your
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"precise" kernel, then you can skip these headers for the "raring"
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kernel. But it is safer to include them if you’re not sure.
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# install the backported kernel
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic-lts-raring linux-headers-generic-lts-raring
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# reboot
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sudo reboot
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### Installation
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> **Warning**:
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> These instructions have changed for 0.6. If you are upgrading from an
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> earlier version, you will need to follow them again.
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Docker is available as a Debian package, which makes installation easy.
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**See the** [*Mirrors*](#mirrors) **section below if you are not
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in the United States.** Other sources of the Debian packages may be
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faster for you to install.
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First, check that your APT system can deal with `https`
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URLs: the file `/usr/lib/apt/methods/https`
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should exist. If it doesn’t, you need to install the package
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`apt-transport-https`.
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[ -e /usr/lib/apt/methods/https ] || {
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apt-get update
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apt-get install apt-transport-https
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}
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Then, add the Docker repository key to your local keychain.
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sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 36A1D7869245C8950F966E92D8576A8BA88D21E9
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Add the Docker repository to your apt sources list, update and install
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the `lxc-docker` package.
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*You may receive a warning that the package isn’t trusted. Answer yes to
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continue installation.*
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sudo sh -c "echo deb https://get.docker.io/ubuntu docker main\
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> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install lxc-docker
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> **Note**:
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>
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> There is also a simple `curl` script available to help with this process.
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>
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> curl -s https://get.docker.io/ubuntu/ | sudo sh
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Now verify that the installation has worked by downloading the
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`ubuntu` image and launching a container.
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sudo docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash
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Type `exit` to exit
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**Done!**, now continue with the [*Hello
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World*](../../examples/hello_world/#hello-world) example.
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## Ubuntu Raring 13.04 and Saucy 13.10 (64 bit)
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These instructions cover both Ubuntu Raring 13.04 and Saucy 13.10.
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### Dependencies
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**Optional AUFS filesystem support**
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Ubuntu Raring already comes with the 3.8 kernel, so we don’t need to
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install it. However, not all systems have AUFS filesystem support
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enabled. AUFS support is optional as of version 0.7, but it’s still
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available as a driver and we recommend using it if you can.
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To make sure AUFS is installed, run the following commands:
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install linux-image-extra-`uname -r`
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### Installation
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Docker is available as a Debian package, which makes installation easy.
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> **Warning**:
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> Please note that these instructions have changed for 0.6. If you are
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> upgrading from an earlier version, you will need to follow them again.
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First add the Docker repository key to your local keychain.
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sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 36A1D7869245C8950F966E92D8576A8BA88D21E9
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Add the Docker repository to your apt sources list, update and install
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the `lxc-docker` package.
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sudo sh -c "echo deb http://get.docker.io/ubuntu docker main\
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> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install lxc-docker
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Now verify that the installation has worked by downloading the
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`ubuntu` image and launching a container.
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sudo docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash
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Type `exit` to exit
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**Done!**, now continue with the [*Hello
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World*](../../examples/hello_world/#hello-world) example.
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### Giving non-root access
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The `docker` daemon always runs as the root user,
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and since Docker version 0.5.2, the `docker` daemon
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binds to a Unix socket instead of a TCP port. By default that Unix
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socket is owned by the user *root*, and so, by default, you can access
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it with `sudo`.
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Starting in version 0.5.3, if you (or your Docker installer) create a
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Unix group called *docker* and add users to it, then the
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`docker` daemon will make the ownership of the Unix
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socket read/writable by the *docker* group when the daemon starts. The
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`docker` daemon must always run as the root user,
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but if you run the `docker` client as a user in the
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*docker* group then you don’t need to add `sudo` to
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all the client commands. As of 0.9.0, you can specify that a group other
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than `docker` should own the Unix socket with the
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`-G` option.
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> **Warning**:
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> The *docker* group (or the group specified with `-G`) is
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> root-equivalent; see [*Docker Daemon Attack Surface*](
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> ../../articles/security/#dockersecurity-daemon) details.
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**Example:**
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# Add the docker group if it doesn't already exist.
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sudo groupadd docker
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# Add the connected user "${USER}" to the docker group.
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# Change the user name to match your preferred user.
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# You may have to logout and log back in again for
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# this to take effect.
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sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker
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# Restart the Docker daemon.
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sudo service docker restart
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### Upgrade
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To install the latest version of docker, use the standard
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`apt-get` method:
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# update your sources list
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sudo apt-get update
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# install the latest
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sudo apt-get install lxc-docker
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## Memory and Swap Accounting
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If you want to enable memory and swap accounting, you must add the
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following command-line parameters to your kernel:
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cgroup_enable=memory swapaccount=1
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On systems using GRUB (which is the default for Ubuntu), you can add
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those parameters by editing `/etc/default/grub` and
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extending `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX`. Look for the
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following line:
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GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
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And replace it by the following one:
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GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="cgroup_enable=memory swapaccount=1"
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Then run `sudo update-grub`, and reboot.
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These parameters will help you get rid of the following warnings:
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WARNING: Your kernel does not support cgroup swap limit.
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WARNING: Your kernel does not support swap limit capabilities. Limitation discarded.
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## Troubleshooting
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On Linux Mint, the `cgroup-lite` package is not
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installed by default. Before Docker will work correctly, you will need
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to install this via:
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sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install cgroup-lite
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## Docker and UFW
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Docker uses a bridge to manage container networking. By default, UFW
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drops all forwarding traffic. As a result you will need to enable UFW
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forwarding:
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sudo nano /etc/default/ufw
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----
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# Change:
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# DEFAULT_FORWARD_POLICY="DROP"
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# to
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DEFAULT_FORWARD_POLICY="ACCEPT"
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Then reload UFW:
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sudo ufw reload
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UFW’s default set of rules denies all incoming traffic. If you want to
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be able to reach your containers from another host then you should allow
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incoming connections on the Docker port (default 4243):
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sudo ufw allow 4243/tcp
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## Docker and local DNS server warnings
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Systems which are running Ubuntu or an Ubuntu derivative on the desktop
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will use 127.0.0.1 as the default nameserver in /etc/resolv.conf.
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NetworkManager sets up dnsmasq to use the real DNS servers of the
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connection and sets up nameserver 127.0.0.1 in /etc/resolv.conf.
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When starting containers on these desktop machines, users will see a
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warning:
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WARNING: Local (127.0.0.1) DNS resolver found in resolv.conf and containers can't use it. Using default external servers : [8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4]
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This warning is shown because the containers can’t use the local DNS
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nameserver and Docker will default to using an external nameserver.
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This can be worked around by specifying a DNS server to be used by the
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Docker daemon for the containers:
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sudo nano /etc/default/docker
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---
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# Add:
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DOCKER_OPTS="--dns 8.8.8.8"
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# 8.8.8.8 could be replaced with a local DNS server, such as 192.168.1.1
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# multiple DNS servers can be specified: --dns 8.8.8.8 --dns 192.168.1.1
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The Docker daemon has to be restarted:
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sudo restart docker
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> **Warning**:
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> If you’re doing this on a laptop which connects to various networks,
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> make sure to choose a public DNS server.
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An alternative solution involves disabling dnsmasq in NetworkManager by
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following these steps:
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sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
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----
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# Change:
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dns=dnsmasq
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# to
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#dns=dnsmasq
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NetworkManager and Docker need to be restarted afterwards:
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sudo restart network-manager
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sudo restart docker
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> **Warning**: This might make DNS resolution slower on some networks.
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## Mirrors
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You should `ping get.docker.io` and compare the
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latency to the following mirrors, and pick whichever one is best for
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you.
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### Yandex
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[Yandex](http://yandex.ru/) in Russia is mirroring the Docker Debian
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packages, updating every 6 hours. Substitute
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`http://mirror.yandex.ru/mirrors/docker/` for
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`http://get.docker.io/ubuntu` in the instructions
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above. For example:
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sudo sh -c "echo deb http://mirror.yandex.ru/mirrors/docker/ docker main\
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> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install lxc-docker
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