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page_title: Dockerizing MongoDB page_description: Creating a Docker image with MongoDB pre-installed using a Dockerfile and sharing the image on Docker.io page_keywords: docker, dockerize, dockerizing, article, example, docker.io, platform, package, installation, networking, mongodb, containers, images, image, sharing, dockerfile, build, auto-building, virtualization, framework
Dockerizing MongoDB
Introduction
In this example, we are going to learn how to build a Docker image
with MongoDB pre-installed.
We'll also see how to push
that image to the Docker.io registry and share it with others!
Using Docker and containers for deploying MongoDB instances will bring several benefits, such as:
- Easy to maintain, highly configurable MongoDB instances;
- Ready to run and start working within milliseconds;
- Based on globally accessible and shareable images.
Note:
If you do not like
sudo
, you might want to check out: Giving non-root access.
Creating a Dockerfile for MongoDB
Let's create our Dockerfile
and start building it:
$ nano Dockerfile
Although optional, it is handy to have comments at the beginning of a
Dockerfile
explaining its purpose:
# Dockerizing MongoDB: Dockerfile for building MongoDB images
# Based on ubuntu:latest, installs MongoDB following the instructions from:
# http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/
Tip:
Dockerfile
s are flexible. However, they need to follow a certain format. The first item to be defined is the name of an image, which becomes the parent of your Dockerized MongoDB image.
We will build our image using the latest version of Ubuntu from the Docker.io Ubuntu repository.
# Format: FROM repository[:version]
FROM ubuntu:latest
Continuing, we will declare the MAINTAINER
of the Dockerfile
:
# Format: MAINTAINER Name <email@addr.ess>
MAINTAINER M.Y. Name <myname@addr.ess>
Note: Although Ubuntu systems have MongoDB packages, they are likely to be outdated. Therefore in this example, we will use the official MongoDB packages.
We will begin with importing the MongoDB public GPG key. We will also create a MongoDB repository file for the package manager.
# Installation:
# Import MongoDB public GPG key AND create a MongoDB list file
RUN apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 7F0CEB10
RUN echo 'deb http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/ubuntu-upstart dist 10gen' | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/10gen.list
After this initial preparation we can update our packages and install MongoDB.
# Update apt-get sources AND install MongoDB
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y -q mongodb-org
Tip: You can install a specific version of MongoDB by using a list of required packages with versions, e.g.:
RUN apt-get install -y -q mongodb-org=2.6.1 mongodb-org-server=2.6.1 mongodb-org-shell=2.6.1 mongodb-org-mongos=2.6.1 mongodb-org-tools=2.6.1
MongoDB requires a data directory. Let's create it as the final step of our installation instructions.
# Create the MongoDB data directory
RUN mkdir -p /data/db
Lastly we set the ENTRYPOINT
which will tell Docker to run mongod
inside
the containers launched from our MongoDB image. And for ports, we will use
the EXPOSE
instruction.
# Expose port 27017 from the container to the host
EXPOSE 27017
# Set usr/bin/mongod as the dockerized entry-point application
ENTRYPOINT usr/bin/mongod
Now save the file and let's build our image.
Note:
The full version of this
Dockerfile
can be found here.
Building the MongoDB Docker image
With our Dockerfile
, we can now build the MongoDB image using Docker. Unless
experimenting, it is always a good practice to tag Docker images by passing the
--tag
option to docker build
command.
# Format: sudo docker build --tag/-t <user-name>/<repository> .
# Example:
$ sudo docker build --tag my/repo .
Once this command is issued, Docker will go through the Dockerfile
and build
the image. The final image will be tagged my/repo
.
Pushing the MongoDB image to Docker.io
All Docker image repositories can be hosted and shared on
Docker.io with the docker push
command. For this,
you need to be logged-in.
# Log-in
$ sudo docker login
Username:
..
# Push the image
# Format: sudo docker push <user-name>/<repository>
$ sudo docker push my/repo
The push refers to a repository [my/repo] (len: 1)
Sending image list
Pushing repository my/repo (1 tags)
..
Using the MongoDB image
Using the MongoDB image we created, we can run one or more MongoDB instances as daemon process(es).
# Basic way
# Usage: sudo docker run --name <name for container> -d <user-name>/<repository>
$ sudo docker run --name mongo_instance_001 -d my/repo
# Dockerized MongoDB, lean and mean!
# Usage: sudo docker run --name <name for container> -d <user-name>/<repository> --noprealloc --smallfiles
$ sudo docker run --name mongo_instance_001 -d my/repo --noprealloc --smallfiles
# Checking out the logs of a MongoDB container
# Usage: sudo docker logs <name for container>
$ sudo docker logs mongo_instance_001
# Playing with MongoDB
# Usage: mongo --port <port you get from `docker ps`>
$ mongo --port 12345