Ensure StatementCache#execute never raises RangeError

Since 31ffbf8d, finder methods no longer raise `RangeError`. So
`StatementCache#execute` is the only place to raise the exception for
finder queries.

`StatementCache` is used for simple equality queries in the codebase.
This means that if `StatementCache#execute` raises `RangeError`, the
result could always be regarded as empty.
So `StatementCache#execute` just return nil in that range error case,
and treat that as empty in the caller side, then we can avoid catching
the exception in much places.

activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb

@@ -190,9 +190,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
 
           binds = AssociationScope.get_bind_values(owner, reflection.chain)
-          sc.execute(binds, conn) do |record|
-            set_inverse_instance(record)
-          end
+          sc.execute(binds, conn) { |record| set_inverse_instance(record) } || []
         end
 
         # The scope for this association.

activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb

@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         def find_target
           super.first
-        rescue ::RangeError
-          nil
         end
 
         def replace(record)

activerecord/lib/active_record/core.rb

@@ -169,15 +169,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
           where(key => params.bind).limit(1)
         }
 
-        record = statement.execute([id], connection).first
+        record = statement.execute([id], connection)&.first
         unless record
           raise RecordNotFound.new("Couldn't find #{name} with '#{primary_key}'=#{id}",
                                    name, primary_key, id)
         end
         record
-      rescue ::RangeError
-        raise RecordNotFound.new("Couldn't find #{name} with an out of range value for '#{primary_key}'",
-                                 name, primary_key)
       end
 
       def find_by(*args) # :nodoc:
@@ -201,11 +198,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
           where(wheres).limit(1)
         }
         begin
-          statement.execute(hash.values, connection).first
+          statement.execute(hash.values, connection)&.first
         rescue TypeError
           raise ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid
-        rescue ::RangeError
-          nil
         end
       end
 

activerecord/lib/active_record/statement_cache.rb

@@ -132,6 +132,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       sql = query_builder.sql_for bind_values, connection
 
       klass.find_by_sql(sql, bind_values, preparable: true, &block)
+    rescue ::RangeError
+      nil
     end
 
     def self.unsupported_value?(value)

activerecord/test/cases/associations/belongs_to_associations_test.rb

@@ -1293,17 +1293,17 @@ class BelongsToAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_belongs_to_with_out_of_range_value_assigning
-    model = Class.new(Comment) do
+    model = Class.new(Author) do
       def self.name; "Temp"; end
-      validates :post, presence: true
+      validates :author_address, presence: true
     end
 
-    comment = model.new
-    comment.post_id = 9223372036854775808 # out of range in the bigint
+    author = model.new
+    author.author_address_id = 9223372036854775808 # out of range in the bigint
 
-    assert_nil comment.post
-    assert_not_predicate comment, :valid?
-    assert_equal [{ error: :blank }], comment.errors.details[:post]
+    assert_nil author.author_address
+    assert_not_predicate author, :valid?
+    assert_equal [{ error: :blank }], author.errors.details[:author_address]
   end
 
   def test_polymorphic_with_custom_primary_key

activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_many_associations_test.rb

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ require "models/categorization"
 require "models/minivan"
 require "models/speedometer"
 require "models/reference"
+require "models/job"
 require "models/college"
 require "models/student"
 require "models/pirate"
@@ -2926,6 +2927,11 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     end
   end
 
+  def test_has_many_with_out_of_range_value
+    reference = Reference.create!(id: 2147483648) # out of range in the integer
+    assert_equal [], reference.ideal_jobs
+  end
+
   private
 
     def force_signal37_to_load_all_clients_of_firm

activerecord/test/models/reference.rb

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ class Reference < ActiveRecord::Base
   belongs_to :person
   belongs_to :job
 
+  has_many :ideal_jobs, class_name: "Job", foreign_key: :ideal_reference_id
   has_many :agents_posts_authors, through: :person
 
   class << self; attr_accessor :make_comments; end