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The modal backdrop positioning bug related to iOS' virtual keyboard doesn't seem to reproduce in iOS 8.0+. (Possibly as a side-effect of https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=153224 ) Refs #9023 [skip sauce]
495 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
495 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
---
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layout: docs
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title: Modal
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group: components
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---
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Modals are streamlined, but flexible, dialog prompts with the minimum required functionality and smart defaults.
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## Contents
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* Will be replaced with the ToC, excluding the "Contents" header
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{:toc}
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**Due to how HTML5 defines its semantics, [the `autofocus` HTML attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input#attr-autofocus) has no effect in Bootstrap modals.** To achieve the same effect, use some custom JavaScript:
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{% highlight js %}
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$('#myModal').on('shown.bs.modal', function () {
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$('#myInput').focus()
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})
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{% endhighlight %}
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{% callout warning %}
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#### Multiple open modals not supported
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Be sure not to open a modal while another is still visible. Showing more than one modal at a time requires custom code.
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{% endcallout %}
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{% callout warning %}
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#### Modal markup placement
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Always try to place a modal's HTML code in a top-level position in your document to avoid other components affecting the modal's appearance and/or functionality.
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{% endcallout %}
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{% callout warning %}
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#### Mobile device caveats
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There are some caveats regarding using modals on mobile devices. [See our browser support docs]({{ site.baseurl }}/getting-started/browsers-devices/#modals-and-dropdowns-on-mobile) for details.
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{% endcallout %}
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### Static example
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A rendered modal with header, body, and set of actions in the footer.
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<div class="bd-example bd-example-modal">
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<div class="modal">
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<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
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<div class="modal-content">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
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<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
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</button>
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<h4 class="modal-title">Modal title</h4>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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<p>One fine body…</p>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-footer">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
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</div>
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</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
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</div><!-- /.modal-dialog -->
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</div><!-- /.modal -->
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</div>
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{% highlight html %}
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<div class="modal fade">
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<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
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<div class="modal-content">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
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<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
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</button>
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<h4 class="modal-title">Modal title</h4>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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<p>One fine body…</p>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-footer">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
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</div>
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</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
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</div><!-- /.modal-dialog -->
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</div><!-- /.modal -->
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{% endhighlight %}
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### Live demo
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Toggle a modal via JavaScript by clicking the button below. It will slide down and fade in from the top of the page.
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<div id="myModal" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
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<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
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<div class="modal-content">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
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<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
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</button>
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<h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">Modal title</h4>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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<h4>Text in a modal</h4>
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<p>Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.</p>
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<h4>Popover in a modal</h4>
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<p>This <a href="#" role="button" class="btn btn-secondary popover-test" title="A Title" data-content="And here's some amazing content. It's very engaging. right?">button</a> should trigger a popover on click.</p>
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<h4>Tooltips in a modal</h4>
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<p><a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">This link</a> and <a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">that link</a> should have tooltips on hover.</p>
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<hr>
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<h4>Overflowing text to show scroll behavior</h4>
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<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
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<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
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<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
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<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
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<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
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<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
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<p>Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Cras justo odio, dapibus ac facilisis in, egestas eget quam. Morbi leo risus, porta ac consectetur ac, vestibulum at eros.</p>
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<p>Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Vivamus sagittis lacus vel augue laoreet rutrum faucibus dolor auctor.</p>
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<p>Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur. Praesent commodo cursus magna, vel scelerisque nisl consectetur et. Donec sed odio dui. Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-footer">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
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</div>
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</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
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</div><!-- /.modal-dialog -->
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</div>
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<div class="bd-example" style="padding-bottom: 24px;">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">
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Launch demo modal
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</button>
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</div>
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{% highlight html %}
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<!-- Button trigger modal -->
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">
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Launch demo modal
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</button>
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<!-- Modal -->
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<div class="modal fade" id="myModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
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<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
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<div class="modal-content">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
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<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
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</button>
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<h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">Modal title</h4>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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...
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</div>
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<div class="modal-footer">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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{% endhighlight %}
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{% callout warning %}
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#### Make modals accessible
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Be sure to add `role="dialog"` and `aria-labelledby="..."`, referencing the modal title, to `.modal`, and `role="document"` to the `.modal-dialog` itself.
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Additionally, you may give a description of your modal dialog with `aria-describedby` on `.modal`.
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{% endcallout %}
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{% callout info %}
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#### Embedding YouTube videos
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Embedding YouTube videos in modals requires additional JavaScript not in Bootstrap to automatically stop playback and more. [See this helpful Stack Overflow post](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18622508/bootstrap-3-and-youtube-in-modal) for more information.
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{% endcallout %}
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## Optional sizes
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Modals have two optional sizes, available via modifier classes to be placed on a `.modal-dialog`. These sizes kick in at certain breakpoints to avoid horizontal scrollbars on narrower viewports.
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<div class="bd-example">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-lg">Large modal</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-sm">Small modal</button>
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</div>
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{% highlight html %}
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<!-- Large modal -->
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<button class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-lg">Large modal</button>
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<div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-lg" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myLargeModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
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<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
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<div class="modal-content">
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...
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- Small modal -->
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target=".bd-example-modal-sm">Small modal</button>
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<div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-sm" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mySmallModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
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<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">
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<div class="modal-content">
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...
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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{% endhighlight %}
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<div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-lg" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myLargeModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
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<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
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<div class="modal-content">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
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<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
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</button>
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<h4 class="modal-title" id="myLargeModalLabel">Large modal</h4>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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...
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="modal fade bd-example-modal-sm" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="mySmallModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
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<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">
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<div class="modal-content">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
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<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
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</button>
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<h4 class="modal-title" id="mySmallModalLabel">Small modal</h4>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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...
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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## Remove animation
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For modals that simply appear rather than fade in to view, remove the `.fade` class from your modal markup.
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{% highlight html %}
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<div class="modal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="..." aria-hidden="true">
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...
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</div>
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{% endhighlight %}
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## Using the grid system
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To take advantage of the Bootstrap grid system within a modal, just nest `.container-fluid` within the `.modal-body` and then use the normal grid system classes within this container.
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{% example html %}
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<div id="gridSystemModal" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="gridModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
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<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
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<div class="modal-content">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button>
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<h4 class="modal-title" id="gridModalLabel">Modal title</h4>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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<div class="container-fluid bd-example-row">
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
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<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-4 .col-md-offset-4</div>
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</div>
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-3 .col-md-offset-3</div>
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<div class="col-md-2 col-md-offset-4">.col-md-2 .col-md-offset-4</div>
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</div>
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">.col-md-6 .col-md-offset-3</div>
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</div>
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-sm-9">
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Level 1: .col-sm-9
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-xs-8 col-sm-6">
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Level 2: .col-xs-8 .col-sm-6
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</div>
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<div class="col-xs-4 col-sm-6">
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Level 2: .col-xs-4 .col-sm-6
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-footer">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="bd-example bd-example-padded-bottom">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#gridSystemModal">
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Launch demo modal
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</button>
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</div>
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{% endexample %}
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## Varying modal content based on trigger button
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Have a bunch of buttons that all trigger the same modal, just with slightly different contents? Use `event.relatedTarget` and [HTML `data-*` attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/HTML/Using_data_attributes) (possibly [via jQuery](https://api.jquery.com/data/)) to vary the contents of the modal depending on which button was clicked. See the Modal Events docs for details on `relatedTarget`.
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{% example html %}
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<div class="bd-example">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@mdo">Open modal for @mdo</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@fat">Open modal for @fat</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" data-whatever="@getbootstrap">Open modal for @getbootstrap</button>
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<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
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<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
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<div class="modal-content">
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<div class="modal-header">
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<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
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<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
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</button>
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<h4 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">New message</h4>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-body">
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<form>
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<div class="form-group">
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<label for="recipient-name" class="form-control-label">Recipient:</label>
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<input type="text" class="form-control" id="recipient-name">
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</div>
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<div class="form-group">
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<label for="message-text" class="form-control-label">Message:</label>
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<textarea class="form-control" id="message-text"></textarea>
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</div>
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</form>
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</div>
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<div class="modal-footer">
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
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<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Send message</button>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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{% endexample %}
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{% highlight js %}
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$('#exampleModal').on('show.bs.modal', function (event) {
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var button = $(event.relatedTarget) // Button that triggered the modal
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var recipient = button.data('whatever') // Extract info from data-* attributes
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// If necessary, you could initiate an AJAX request here (and then do the updating in a callback).
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// Update the modal's content. We'll use jQuery here, but you could use a data binding library or other methods instead.
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var modal = $(this)
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modal.find('.modal-title').text('New message to ' + recipient)
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modal.find('.modal-body input').val(recipient)
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})
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{% endhighlight %}
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## Modals with dynamic heights
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If the height of a modal changes while it is open, you should call `$('#myModal').data('bs.modal').handleUpdate()` to readjust the modal's position in case a scrollbar appears.
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## Usage
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The modal plugin toggles your hidden content on demand, via data attributes or JavaScript. It also adds `.modal-open` to the `<body>` to override default scrolling behavior and generates a `.modal-backdrop` to provide a click area for dismissing shown modals when clicking outside the modal.
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### Via data attributes
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Activate a modal without writing JavaScript. Set `data-toggle="modal"` on a controller element, like a button, along with a `data-target="#foo"` or `href="#foo"` to target a specific modal to toggle.
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{% highlight html %}
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<button type="button" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">Launch modal</button>
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{% endhighlight %}
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### Via JavaScript
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Call a modal with id `myModal` with a single line of JavaScript:
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{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal(options){% endhighlight %}
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### Options
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Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-backdrop=""`.
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<div class="table-responsive">
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<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th style="width: 100px;">Name</th>
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<th style="width: 50px;">Type</th>
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<th style="width: 50px;">Default</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>backdrop</td>
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<td>boolean or the string <code>'static'</code></td>
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<td>true</td>
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<td>Includes a modal-backdrop element. Alternatively, specify <code>static</code> for a backdrop which doesn't close the modal on click.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>keyboard</td>
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<td>boolean</td>
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<td>true</td>
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<td>Closes the modal when escape key is pressed</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>show</td>
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<td>boolean</td>
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<td>true</td>
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<td>Shows the modal when initialized.</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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### Methods
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#### `.modal(options)`
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Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options `object`.
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{% highlight js %}
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$('#myModal').modal({
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keyboard: false
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})
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{% endhighlight %}
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#### `.modal('toggle')`
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Manually toggles a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` or `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).
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{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('toggle'){% endhighlight %}
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#### `.modal('show')`
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Manually opens a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` event occurs).
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{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('show'){% endhighlight %}
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#### `.modal('hide')`
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Manually hides a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).
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{% highlight js %}$('#myModal').modal('hide'){% endhighlight %}
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### Events
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Bootstrap's modal class exposes a few events for hooking into modal functionality. All modal events are fired at the modal itself (i.e. at the `<div class="modal">`).
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<div class="table-responsive">
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<table class="table table-bordered table-striped">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th style="width: 150px;">Event Type</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>show.bs.modal</td>
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<td>This event fires immediately when the <code>show</code> instance method is called. If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the <code>relatedTarget</code> property of the event.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>shown.bs.modal</td>
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<td>This event is fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the <code>relatedTarget</code> property of the event.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>hide.bs.modal</td>
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<td>This event is fired immediately when the <code>hide</code> instance method has been called.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>hidden.bs.modal</td>
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<td>This event is fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>loaded.bs.modal</td>
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<td>This event is fired when the modal has loaded content using the <code>remote</code> option.</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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{% highlight js %}
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$('#myModal').on('hidden.bs.modal', function (e) {
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// do something...
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})
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{% endhighlight %}
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