188 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
188 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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stage: none
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group: unassigned
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info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
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---
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# Working with email in development
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## Ensuring compatibility with mailer Sidekiq jobs
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A Sidekiq job is enqueued whenever `deliver_later` is called on an `ActionMailer`.
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If a mailer argument needs to be added or removed, it is important to ensure
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both backward and forward compatibility. Adhere to the Sidekiq steps for
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[changing the arguments for a worker](sidekiq/compatibility_across_updates.md#changing-the-arguments-for-a-worker).
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The same applies to a new mailer method, or a new mailer. If you introduce either,
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follow the steps for [adding new workers](sidekiq/compatibility_across_updates.md#adding-new-workers).
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In the following example from [`NotificationService`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/33ccb22e4fc271dbaac94b003a7a1a2915a13441/app/services/notification_service.rb#L74)
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adding or removing an argument in this mailer's definition may cause problems
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during deployment before all Rails and Sidekiq nodes have the updated code.
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```ruby
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mailer.unknown_sign_in_email(user, ip, time).deliver_later
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```
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## Sent emails
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To view rendered emails "sent" in your development instance, visit
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[`/rails/letter_opener`](http://localhost:3000/rails/letter_opener).
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[S/MIME signed](../administration/smime_signing_email.md) emails
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[cannot be currently previewed](https://github.com/fgrehm/letter_opener_web/issues/96) with
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`letter_opener`.
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## Mailer previews
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Rails provides a way to preview our mailer templates in HTML and plaintext using
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sample data.
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The previews live in [`app/mailers/previews`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-foss/tree/master/app/mailers/previews) and can be viewed at
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[`/rails/mailers`](http://localhost:3000/rails/mailers).
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See the [Rails guides](https://guides.rubyonrails.org/action_mailer_basics.html#previewing-emails) for more information.
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## Incoming email
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1. Go to the GitLab installation directory.
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1. Find the `incoming_email` section in `config/gitlab.yml`, enable the
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feature and fill in the details for your specific IMAP server and email
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account:
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Configuration for Gmail / Google Apps, assumes mailbox `gitlab-incoming@gmail.com`:
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```yaml
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incoming_email:
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enabled: true
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# The email address including the %{key} placeholder that will be replaced to reference the
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# item being replied to. This %{key} should be included in its entirety within the email
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# address and not replaced by another value.
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# For example: emailaddress+%{key}@gmail.com.
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# The placeholder must appear in the "user" part of the address (before the `@`). It can be omitted but some features,
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# including Service Desk, may not work properly.
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address: "gitlab-incoming+%{key}@gmail.com"
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# Email account username
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# With third party providers, this is usually the full email address.
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# With self-hosted email servers, this is usually the user part of the email address.
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user: "gitlab-incoming@gmail.com"
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# Email account password
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password: "[REDACTED]"
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# IMAP server host
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host: "imap.gmail.com"
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# IMAP server port
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port: 993
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# Whether the IMAP server uses SSL
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ssl: true
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# Whether the IMAP server uses StartTLS
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start_tls: false
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# The mailbox where incoming mail will end up. Usually "inbox".
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mailbox: "inbox"
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# The IDLE command timeout.
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idle_timeout: 60
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# Whether to expunge (permanently remove) messages from the mailbox when they are marked as deleted after delivery
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expunge_deleted: false
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```
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As mentioned, the part after `+` is ignored, and this message is sent to the mailbox for `gitlab-incoming@gmail.com`.
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1. Read the [MailRoom Gem updates](#mailroom-gem-updates) section for more details before you proceed to make sure you have the right version of MailRoom installed. In summary, you need to update the `gitlab-mail_room` version in the `Gemfile` to the latest `gitlab-mail_room` temporarily and run `bundle install`. **Do not commit** this change as it's a temporary workaround.
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1. Run this command in the GitLab root directory to launch `mail_room`:
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```shell
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bundle exec mail_room -q -c config/mail_room.yml
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```
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1. Verify that everything is configured correctly:
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```shell
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bundle exec rake gitlab:incoming_email:check RAILS_ENV=development
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```
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1. Reply by email should now be working.
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## Email namespace
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As of GitLab 11.7, we support a new format for email handler addresses. This was done to
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support catch-all mailboxes.
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If you need to implement a feature which requires a new email handler, follow these rules
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for the format of the email key:
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- Actions are always at the end, separated by `-`. For example `-issue` or `-merge-request`
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- If your feature is related to a project, the key begins with the project identifiers (project path slug
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and project ID), separated by `-`. For example, `gitlab-org-gitlab-foss-20`
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- Additional information, such as an author's token, can be added between the project identifiers and
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the action, separated by `-`. For example, `gitlab-org-gitlab-foss-20-Author_Token12345678-issue`
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- You register your handlers in `lib/gitlab/email/handler.rb`
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Examples of valid email keys:
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- `gitlab-org-gitlab-foss-20-Author_Token12345678-issue` (create a new issue)
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- `gitlab-org-gitlab-foss-20-Author_Token12345678-merge-request` (create a new merge request)
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- `1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef-unsubscribe` (unsubscribe from a conversation)
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- `1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef` (reply to a conversation)
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The action `-issue-` is used in GitLab as the handler for the Service Desk feature.
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### Legacy format
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Although we continue to support the older legacy format, no new features should use a legacy format.
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These are the only valid legacy formats for an email handler:
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- `path/to/project+namespace`
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- `path/to/project+namespace+action`
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- `namespace`
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- `namespace+action`
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In GitLab, the handler for the Service Desk feature is `path/to/project`.
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### MailRoom Gem updates
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We use [`gitlab-mail_room`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-mail_room), a
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fork of [`MailRoom`](https://github.com/tpitale/mail_room/), to ensure
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that we can make updates quickly to the gem if necessary. We try to upstream
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changes as soon as possible and keep the two projects in sync.
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Updating the `gitlab-mail_room` dependency in `Gemfile` is deprecated at
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the moment in favor of updating the version in
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[Omnibus](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/-/blob/master/config/software/mail_room.rb)
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(see [example merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/-/merge_requests/5816))
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and Helm Chart configuration (see [example merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/CNG/-/merge_requests/854)).
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#### Rationale
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This was done because to avoid [thread deadlocks](https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/issues/14), `MailRoom` needs
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an updated version of the `net-imap` gem. However, this
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[version of the net-imap cannot be installed by an unprivileged user](https://github.com/ruby/net-imap/issues/14) due to
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[an error installing the digest gem](https://github.com/ruby/digest/issues/14).
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[This bug in the Ruby interpreter](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/17761) was fixed in Ruby
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3.0.2.
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Updating the gem directly in the GitLab Rails `Gemfile` caused a [production incident](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-com/gl-infra/production/-/issues/4053)
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since Kubernetes pods do not run as privileged users.
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Note that Omnibus GitLab runs `/opt/gitlab/embedded/bin/mail_room`
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instead of `bundle exec rake` to avoid loading the older version. With a
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Kubernetes install, the MailRoom version has always been explicitly set
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in the Helm Chart configuration rather than the `Gemfile`.
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#### Preserving backwards compatibility
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Removing the `Gemfile` would break incoming e-mail processing for source
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installs. For now, source installs are advised to upgrade manually to
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the version specified in Omnibus and run `bin/mail_room` directly as
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done with Omnibus.
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We can reconsider this deprecation once we upgrade to Ruby 3.0.
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---
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[Return to Development documentation](index.md)
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