gitlab-org--gitlab-foss/doc/development/utilities.md

4.1 KiB

GitLab utilities

We developed a number of utilities to ease development.

MergeHash

Refer to: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/gitlab/utils/merge_hash.rb:

  • Deep merges an array of hashes:

    Gitlab::Utils::MergeHash.merge(
      [{ hello: ["world"] },
       { hello: "Everyone" },
       { hello: { greetings: ['Bonjour', 'Hello', 'Hallo', 'Dzien dobry'] } },
        "Goodbye", "Hallo"]
    )
    

    Gives:

    [
      {
        hello:
          [
            "world",
            "Everyone",
            { greetings: ['Bonjour', 'Hello', 'Hallo', 'Dzien dobry'] }
          ]
      },
      "Goodbye"
    ]
    
  • Extracts all keys and values from a hash into an array:

    Gitlab::Utils::MergeHash.crush(
      { hello: "world", this: { crushes: ["an entire", "hash"] } }
    )
    

    Gives:

    [:hello, "world", :this, :crushes, "an entire", "hash"]
    

Override

Refer to https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/gitlab/utils/override.rb:

  • This utility could help us check if a particular method would override another method or not. It has the same idea of Java's @Override annotation or Scala's override keyword. However we only do this check when ENV['STATIC_VERIFICATION'] is set to avoid production runtime overhead. This is useful to check:

    • If we have typos in overriding methods.

    • If we renamed the overridden methods, making original overriding methods overrides nothing.

      Here's a simple example:

      class Base
        def execute
        end
      end
      
      class Derived < Base
        extend ::Gitlab::Utils::Override
      
        override :execute # Override check happens here
        def execute
        end
      end
      

      This also works on modules:

      module Extension
        extend ::Gitlab::Utils::Override
      
        override :execute # Modules do not check this immediately
        def execute
        end
      end
      
      class Derived < Base
        prepend Extension # Override check happens here, not in the module
      end
      

StrongMemoize

Refer to https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/gitlab/utils/strong_memoize.rb:

  • Memoize the value even if it is nil or false.

    We often do @value ||= compute, however this doesn't work well if compute might eventually give nil and we don't want to compute again. Instead we could use defined? to check if the value is set or not. However it's tedious to write such pattern, and StrongMemoize would help us use such pattern.

    Instead of writing patterns like this:

    class Find
      def result
        return @result if defined?(@result)
    
        @result = search
      end
    end
    

    We could write it like:

    class Find
      include Gitlab::Utils::StrongMemoize
    
      def result
        strong_memoize(:result) do
          search
        end
      end
    end
    
  • Clear memoization

    class Find
      include Gitlab::Utils::StrongMemoize
    end
    
    Find.new.clear_memoization(:result)
    

RequestCache

Refer to https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/gitlab/cache/request_cache.rb.

This module provides a simple way to cache values in RequestStore, and the cache key would be based on the class name, method name, optionally customized instance level values, optionally customized method level values, and optional method arguments.

A simple example that only uses the instance level customised values:

class UserAccess
  extend Gitlab::Cache::RequestCache

  request_cache_key do
    [user&.id, project&.id]
  end

  request_cache def can_push_to_branch?(ref)
    # ...
  end
end

This way, the result of can_push_to_branch? would be cached in RequestStore.store based on the cache key. If RequestStore is not currently active, then it would be stored in a hash saved in an instance variable, so the cache logic would be the same.

We can also set different strategies for different methods:

class Commit
  extend Gitlab::Cache::RequestCache

  def author
    User.find_by_any_email(author_email)
  end
  request_cache(:author) { author_email }
end