7f18248aa6
Removes duplicated information, and combines sections and files together when they are duplicated or highly related. Also adds intros to all pages and sections missing intros, and troubleshooting sections to pages that may need them in the future. Links more to other docs, and clarifies language when abosolutely necessary, and adds angle brackets to sample parameters.
121 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
121 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
---
|
||
type: howto, reference
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
# Command Line basic commands
|
||
|
||
When [working with Git from the command line](start-using-git.md), you will need to
|
||
use more than just the Git commands. There are several basic commands that you should
|
||
learn, in order to make full use of the command line.
|
||
|
||
## Start working on your project
|
||
|
||
To work on a git project locally (from your own computer), with the command line,
|
||
first you will need to [clone (copy) it](start-using-git.md#clone-a-repository) to
|
||
your computer.
|
||
|
||
## Working with files on the command line
|
||
|
||
This section has examples of some basic shell commands that you might find useful.
|
||
For more information, search the web for _bash commands_.
|
||
|
||
Alternatively, you can edit files using your choice of editor (IDE), or the GitLab user
|
||
interface (not locally).
|
||
|
||
### Common commands
|
||
|
||
The list below is not exhaustive, but contains many of the most commonly used commands.
|
||
|
||
| Command | Description |
|
||
|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
|
||
| `cd NAME-OF-DIRECTORY` | Go into a directory to work in it |
|
||
| `cd ..` | Go back one directory |
|
||
| `ls` | List what’s in the current directory |
|
||
| `ls a*` | List what’s in the current directory that starts with `a` |
|
||
| `ls *.md` | List what’s in the current directory that ends with `.md` |
|
||
| `mkdir NAME-OF-YOUR-DIRECTORY` | Create a new directory |
|
||
| `cat README.md` | Display the contents of a [text file you created previously](#create-a-text-file-in-the-current-directory) |
|
||
| `pwd` | Show the current directory |
|
||
| `clear` | Clear the shell window |
|
||
|
||
### Create a text file in the current directory
|
||
|
||
To create a text file from the command line, for example `README.md`, follow these
|
||
steps:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
touch README.md
|
||
nano README.md
|
||
#### ADD YOUR INFORMATION
|
||
#### Press: control + X
|
||
#### Type: Y
|
||
#### Press: enter
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Remove a file or directory
|
||
|
||
It is easy to delete (remove) a file or directory, but be careful:
|
||
|
||
DANGER: **Danger:**
|
||
This will **permanently** delete a file.
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
rm NAME-OF-FILE
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
DANGER: **Danger:**
|
||
This will **permanently** delete a directory and **all** of its contents.
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
rm -r NAME-OF-DIRECTORY
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### View and Execute commands from history
|
||
|
||
You can view the history of all the commands you executed from the command line,
|
||
and then execute any of them again, if needed.
|
||
|
||
First, list the commands you executed previously:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
history
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Then, choose a command from the list and check the number next to the command (`123`,
|
||
for example) . Execute the same full command with:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
!123
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Carry out commands for which the account you are using lacks authority
|
||
|
||
Not all commands can be executed from a basic user account on a computer, you may
|
||
need administrator's rights to execute commands that affect the system, or try to access
|
||
protected data, for example. You can use `sudo` to execute these commands, but you
|
||
will likely be asked for an administrator password.
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
sudo RESTRICTED-COMMAND
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
CAUTION: **Caution:**
|
||
Be careful of the commands you run with `sudo`. Certain commands may cause
|
||
damage to your data or system.
|
||
|
||
## Sample Git taskflow
|
||
|
||
If you are completely new to Git, looking through some [sample taskflows](https://rogerdudler.github.io/git-guide/)
|
||
will help you understand the best practices for using these commands as you work.
|
||
|
||
<!-- ## Troubleshooting
|
||
|
||
Include any troubleshooting steps that you can foresee. If you know beforehand what issues
|
||
one might have when setting this up, or when something is changed, or on upgrading, it's
|
||
important to describe those, too. Think of things that may go wrong and include them here.
|
||
This is important to minimize requests for support, and to avoid doc comments with
|
||
questions that you know someone might ask.
|
||
|
||
Each scenario can be a third-level heading, e.g. `### Getting error message X`.
|
||
If you have none to add when creating a doc, leave this section in place
|
||
but commented out to help encourage others to add to it in the future. -->
|