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---
stage: Create
group: Source Code
info: "To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments"
type: reference, howto
---
# PlantUML and GitLab **(FREE)**
When [PlantUML](https://plantuml.com) integration is enabled and configured in
GitLab, you can create diagrams in snippets, wikis, and repositories. To set up
the integration, you must:
1. [Configure your PlantUML server](#configure-your-plantuml-server).
1. [Configure local PlantUML access](#configure-local-plantuml-access).
1. [Configure PlantUML security](#configure-plantuml-security).
1. [Enable the integration](#enable-plantuml-integration).
After completing the integration, PlantUML converts `plantuml`
blocks to an HTML image tag, with the source pointing to the PlantUML instance. The PlantUML
diagram delimiters `@startuml`/`@enduml` aren't required, as these are replaced
by the `plantuml` block:
- **Markdown**
````markdown
```plantuml
Bob -> Alice : hello
Alice -> Bob : hi
```
````
- **AsciiDoc**
```plaintext
[plantuml, format="png", id="myDiagram", width="200px"]
----
Bob->Alice : hello
Alice -> Bob : hi
----
```
- **reStructuredText**
```plaintext
.. plantuml::
:caption: Caption with **bold** and *italic*
Bob -> Alice: hello
Alice -> Bob: hi
```
Although you can use the `uml::` directive for compatibility with
[`sphinxcontrib-plantuml`](https://pypi.org/project/sphinxcontrib-plantuml/),
GitLab supports only the `caption` option.
If the PlantUML server is correctly configured, these examples should render a
diagram instead of the code block:
```plantuml
Bob -> Alice : hello
Alice -> Bob : hi
```
Inside the block you can add any of the diagrams PlantUML supports, such as:
- [Activity](https://plantuml.com/activity-diagram-legacy)
- [Class](https://plantuml.com/class-diagram)
- [Component](https://plantuml.com/component-diagram)
- [Object](https://plantuml.com/object-diagram)
- [Sequence](https://plantuml.com/sequence-diagram)
- [State](https://plantuml.com/state-diagram)
- [Use Case](https://plantuml.com/use-case-diagram)
You can add parameters to block definitions:
- `format`: Can be either `png` (default) or `svg`. Use `svg` with care, as it's
not supported by all browsers, and isn't supported by Markdown.
- `id`: A CSS ID added to the diagram HTML tag.
- `width`: Width attribute added to the image tag.
- `height`: Height attribute added to the image tag.
Markdown does not support any parameters, and always uses PNG format.
## Configure your PlantUML server
Before you can enable PlantUML in GitLab, set up your own PlantUML
server to generate the diagrams:
- [In Docker](#docker).
- [In Debian/Ubuntu](#debianubuntu).
### Docker
To run a PlantUML container in Docker, run this command:
```shell
docker run -d --name plantuml -p 8080:8080 plantuml/plantuml-server:tomcat
```
The **PlantUML URL** is the hostname of the server running the container.
When running GitLab in Docker, it must have access to the PlantUML container.
To achieve that, use [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/).
In this basic `docker-compose.yml` file, PlantUML is accessible to GitLab at the URL
`http://plantuml:8080/`:
```yaml
version: "3"
services:
gitlab:
image: 'gitlab/gitlab-ee:12.2.5-ee.0'
environment:
GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG: |
nginx['custom_gitlab_server_config'] = "location /-/plantuml/ { \n proxy_cache off; \n proxy_pass http://plantuml:8080/; \n}\n"
plantuml:
image: 'plantuml/plantuml-server:tomcat'
container_name: plantuml
```
### Debian/Ubuntu
You can install and configure a PlantUML server in Debian/Ubuntu distributions
using Tomcat:
1. Run these commands to create a `plantuml.war` file from the source code:
```shell
sudo apt-get install graphviz openjdk-8-jdk git-core maven
git clone https://github.com/plantuml/plantuml-server.git
cd plantuml-server
mvn package
```
1. Deploy the `.war` file from the previous step with these commands:
```shell
sudo apt-get install tomcat8
sudo cp target/plantuml.war /var/lib/tomcat8/webapps/plantuml.war
sudo chown tomcat8:tomcat8 /var/lib/tomcat8/webapps/plantuml.war
sudo service tomcat8 restart
```
The Tomcat service should restart. After the restart is complete, the
PlantUML service is ready and listening for requests on port 8080:
`http://localhost:8080/plantuml`
To change these defaults, edit the `/etc/tomcat8/server.xml` file.
NOTE:
The default URL is different when using this approach. The Docker-based image
makes the service available at the root URL, with no relative path. Adjust
the configuration below accordingly.
## Configure local PlantUML access
The PlantUML server runs locally on your server, so it can't be accessed
externally by default. Your server must catch external PlantUML
calls to `https://gitlab.example.com/-/plantuml/` and redirect them to the
local PlantUML server. Depending on your setup, the URL is either of the
following:
- `http://plantuml:8080/`
- `http://localhost:8080/plantuml/`
If you're running [GitLab with TLS](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html)
you must configure this redirection, because PlantUML uses the insecure HTTP protocol.
Newer browsers such as [Google Chrome 86+](https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/4926989725073408)
don't load insecure HTTP resources on pages served over HTTPS.
To enable this redirection:
1. Add the following line in `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`, depending on your setup method:
```ruby
# Docker deployment
nginx['custom_gitlab_server_config'] = "location /-/plantuml/ { \n proxy_cache off; \n proxy_pass http://plantuml:8080/; \n}\n"
# Built from source
nginx['custom_gitlab_server_config'] = "location /-/plantuml { \n rewrite ^/-/(plantuml.*) /$1 break;\n proxy_cache off; \n proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/plantuml; \n}\n"
```
1. To activate the changes, run the following command:
```shell
sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure
```
### Configure PlantUML security
PlantUML has features that allow fetching network resources. If you self-host the
PlantUML server, put network controls in place to isolate it.
```plaintext
@startuml
start
' ...
!include http://localhost/
stop;
@enduml
```
## Enable PlantUML integration
After configuring your local PlantUML server, you're ready to enable the PlantUML integration:
1. Sign in to GitLab as an [Administrator](../../user/permissions.md) user.
1. On the top bar, select **Menu >** **{admin}** **Admin**.
1. In the left sidebar, go to **Settings > General** and expand the **PlantUML** section.
1. Select the **Enable PlantUML** check box.
1. Set the PlantUML instance as `https://gitlab.example.com/-/plantuml/`,
and click **Save changes**.
Depending on your PlantUML and GitLab version numbers, you may also need to take
these steps:
- For PlantUML servers running v1.2020.9 and above, such as [plantuml.com](https://plantuml.com),
you must set the `PLANTUML_ENCODING` environment variable to enable the `deflate`
compression. In Omnibus GitLab, you can set this value in `/etc/gitlab.rb` with
this command:
```ruby
gitlab_rails['env'] = { 'PLANTUML_ENCODING' => 'deflate' }
```
- For GitLab versions 13.1 and later, PlantUML integration now
[requires a header prefix in the URL](https://github.com/plantuml/plantuml/issues/117#issuecomment-6235450160)
to distinguish different encoding types.
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