328 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
328 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
stage: Release
|
|
group: Release
|
|
info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/engineering/ux/technical-writing/#assignments
|
|
type: howto
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Cloud deployment
|
|
|
|
Interacting with a major cloud provider may have become a much needed task that's
|
|
part of your delivery process. With GitLab you can
|
|
[deploy your application anywhere](https://about.gitlab.com/stages-devops-lifecycle/deploy-targets/).
|
|
|
|
For some specific deployment targets, GitLab makes this process less painful by providing Docker
|
|
images with the needed libraries and tools pre-installed. By referencing them in your
|
|
CI/CD pipeline, you can interact with your chosen cloud provider more easily.
|
|
|
|
## AWS
|
|
|
|
GitLab provides Docker images that you can use to [run AWS commands from GitLab CI/CD](#run-aws-commands-from-gitlab-cicd), and a template to make
|
|
it easier to [deploy to AWS](#deploy-your-application-to-the-aws-elastic-container-service-ecs).
|
|
|
|
### Quick start
|
|
|
|
If you're using GitLab.com, see the [quick start guide](ecs/quick_start_guide.md)
|
|
for setting up Continuous Deployment to [AWS Elastic Container Service](https://aws.amazon.com/ecs/) (ECS).
|
|
|
|
### Run AWS commands from GitLab CI/CD
|
|
|
|
> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/31167) in GitLab 12.6.
|
|
|
|
The GitLab AWS Docker image provides the [AWS Command Line Interface](https://aws.amazon.com/cli/),
|
|
which enables you to run `aws` commands. As part of your deployment strategy, you can run `aws` commands directly from
|
|
`.gitlab-ci.yml` by specifying the [GitLab AWS Docker image](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy).
|
|
|
|
Some credentials are required to be able to run `aws` commands:
|
|
|
|
1. Sign up for [an AWS account](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/getting-set-up.html) if you don't have one yet.
|
|
1. Log in onto the console and create [a new IAM user](https://console.aws.amazon.com/iam/home#/home).
|
|
1. Select your newly created user to access its details. Navigate to **Security credentials > Create a new access key**.
|
|
|
|
NOTE:
|
|
A new **Access key ID** and **Secret access key** are generated. Please take a note of them right away.
|
|
|
|
1. In your GitLab project, go to **Settings > CI/CD**. Set the following as
|
|
[CI/CD variables](../variables/README.md)
|
|
(see table below):
|
|
|
|
- Access key ID.
|
|
- Secret access key.
|
|
- Region code. You can check the [list of AWS regional endpoints](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/rande.html#regional-endpoints).
|
|
You might want to check if the AWS service you intend to use is
|
|
[available in the chosen region](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/regional-product-services/).
|
|
|
|
| Environment variable name | Value |
|
|
|:-------------------------------|:-----------------------|
|
|
| `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` | Your Access key ID |
|
|
| `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` | Your Secret access key |
|
|
| `AWS_DEFAULT_REGION` | Your region code |
|
|
|
|
1. You can now use `aws` commands in the `.gitlab-ci.yml` file of this project:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
deploy:
|
|
stage: deploy
|
|
image: registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-base:latest # see the note below
|
|
script:
|
|
- aws s3 ...
|
|
- aws create-deployment ...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
NOTE:
|
|
The image used in the example above
|
|
(`registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-base:latest`) is hosted on the [GitLab
|
|
Container Registry](../../user/packages/container_registry/index.md) and is
|
|
ready to use. Alternatively, replace the image with one hosted on AWS ECR.
|
|
|
|
### Use an AWS Elastic Container Registry (ECR) image in your CI/CD
|
|
|
|
Instead of referencing an image hosted on the GitLab Registry, you can
|
|
reference an image hosted on any third-party registry, such as the
|
|
[Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR)](https://aws.amazon.com/ecr/).
|
|
|
|
To do so, [push your image into your ECR
|
|
repository](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECR/latest/userguide/docker-push-ecr-image.html).
|
|
Then reference it in your `.gitlab-ci.yml` file and replace the `image`
|
|
path to point to your ECR image.
|
|
|
|
### Deploy your application to the AWS Elastic Container Service (ECS)
|
|
|
|
> - [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/207962) in GitLab 12.9.
|
|
> - The `Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml` template was [moved](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/220821) to `AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml` in GitLab 13.2.
|
|
|
|
GitLab provides a series of [CI templates that you can include in your project](../yaml/README.md#include).
|
|
To automate deployments of your application to your [Amazon Elastic Container Service](https://aws.amazon.com/ecs/) (AWS ECS)
|
|
cluster, you can `include` the `AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml` template in your `.gitlab-ci.yml` file.
|
|
|
|
GitLab also provides [Docker images](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/-/tree/master/aws) that can be used in your `gitlab-ci.yml` file to simplify working with AWS:
|
|
|
|
- Use `registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-base:latest` to use AWS CLI commands.
|
|
- Use `registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-ecs:latest` to deploy your application to AWS ECS.
|
|
|
|
Before getting started with this process, you need a cluster on AWS ECS, as well as related
|
|
components, like an ECS service, ECS task definition, a database on AWS RDS, etc.
|
|
[Read more about AWS ECS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/developerguide/Welcome.html).
|
|
|
|
The ECS task definition can be:
|
|
|
|
- An existing task definition in AWS ECS
|
|
- A JSON file containing a task definition. Create the JSON file by using the template provided in
|
|
the [AWS documentation](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/developerguide/create-task-definition.html#task-definition-template).
|
|
Copy the task definition into a new file in your project, for example `<project-root>/ci/aws/task-definition.json`.
|
|
[Available](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/222618) in GitLab 13.3 and later.
|
|
|
|
After you have these prerequisites ready, follow these steps:
|
|
|
|
1. Make sure your AWS credentials are set up as CI/CD variables for your
|
|
project. You can follow [the steps above](#run-aws-commands-from-gitlab-cicd) to complete this setup.
|
|
1. Add these variables to your project's `.gitlab-ci.yml` file, or in the project's
|
|
[CI/CD settings](../variables/README.md#custom-cicd-variables):
|
|
|
|
- `CI_AWS_ECS_CLUSTER`: The name of the AWS ECS cluster that you're targeting for your deployments.
|
|
- `CI_AWS_ECS_SERVICE`: The name of the targeted service tied to your AWS ECS cluster.
|
|
- `CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION`: The name of an existing task definition in ECS tied
|
|
to the service mentioned above.
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
variables:
|
|
CI_AWS_ECS_CLUSTER: my-cluster
|
|
CI_AWS_ECS_SERVICE: my-service
|
|
CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION: my-task-definition
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can find these names after selecting the targeted cluster on your [AWS ECS dashboard](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ecs/home):
|
|
|
|
![AWS ECS dashboard](../img/ecs_dashboard_v12_9.png)
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, if you want to use a task definition defined in a JSON file, use
|
|
`CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION_FILE` instead:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
variables:
|
|
CI_AWS_ECS_CLUSTER: my-cluster
|
|
CI_AWS_ECS_SERVICE: my-service
|
|
CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION_FILE: ci/aws/my_task_definition.json
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can create your `CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION_FILE` variable as a
|
|
[file-typed CI/CD variable](../variables/README.md#cicd-variable-types) instead of a
|
|
regular CI/CD variable. If you choose to do so, set the variable value to be the full contents of
|
|
the JSON task definition. You can then remove the JSON file from your project.
|
|
|
|
In both cases, make sure that the value for the `containerDefinitions[].name` attribute is
|
|
the same as the `Container name` defined in your targeted ECS service.
|
|
|
|
WARNING:
|
|
`CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION_FILE` takes precedence over `CI_AWS_ECS_TASK_DEFINITION` if both these
|
|
variables are defined within your project.
|
|
|
|
NOTE:
|
|
If the name of the task definition you wrote in your JSON file is the same name
|
|
as an existing task definition on AWS, then a new revision is created for it.
|
|
Otherwise, a brand new task definition is created, starting at revision 1.
|
|
|
|
1. Include this template in `.gitlab-ci.yml`:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
include:
|
|
- template: AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The `AWS/Deploy-ECS` template ships with GitLab and is available [on
|
|
GitLab.com](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml).
|
|
|
|
1. Commit and push your updated `.gitlab-ci.yml` to your project's repository, and you're done!
|
|
|
|
Your application Docker image is rebuilt and pushed to the GitLab registry.
|
|
If your image is located in a private registry, make sure your task definition is
|
|
[configured with a `repositoryCredentials` attribute](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECS/latest/developerguide/private-auth.html).
|
|
|
|
Then the targeted task definition is updated with the location of the new
|
|
Docker image, and a new revision is created in ECS as result.
|
|
|
|
Finally, your AWS ECS service is updated with the new revision of the
|
|
task definition, making the cluster pull the newest version of your
|
|
application.
|
|
|
|
WARNING:
|
|
The [`AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml)
|
|
template includes both the [`Jobs/Build.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Jobs/Build.gitlab-ci.yml)
|
|
and [`Jobs/Deploy/ECS.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Jobs/Deploy/ECS.gitlab-ci.yml)
|
|
"sub-templates". Do not include these "sub-templates" on their own, and only include the main
|
|
`AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml` template. The "sub-templates" are designed to only be
|
|
used along with the main template. They may move or change unexpectedly causing your
|
|
pipeline to fail if you didn't include the main template. Also, the job names within
|
|
these templates may change. Do not override these jobs names in your own pipeline,
|
|
as the override stops working when the name changes.
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, if you don't wish to use the `AWS/Deploy-ECS.gitlab-ci.yml` template
|
|
to deploy to AWS ECS, you can always use our
|
|
`aws-base` Docker image to run your own [AWS CLI commands for ECS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ecs/index.html#cli-aws-ecs).
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
deploy:
|
|
stage: deploy
|
|
image: registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cloud-deploy/aws-base:latest
|
|
script:
|
|
- aws ecs register-task-definition ...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Provision and deploy to your AWS Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
|
|
|
|
> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/201742) in GitLab 13.5.
|
|
|
|
You can use the `AWS/CF-Provision-and-Deploy-EC2` CI template to perform the
|
|
following actions within the same pipeline:
|
|
|
|
1. **Create stack**: Provision your own infrastructure by leveraging the [AWS CloudFormation](https://aws.amazon.com/cloudformation/) API.
|
|
1. **Push to S3**: Push your previously-built artifact to an [AWS S3](https://aws.amazon.com/s3/) bucket.
|
|
1. **Deploy to EC2**: Deploy this pushed content onto an [AWS EC2](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/) instance.
|
|
|
|
![CF-Provision-and-Deploy-EC2 diagram](../img/cf_ec2_diagram_v13_5.png)
|
|
|
|
#### Run the `AWS/CF-Provision-and-Deploy-EC2.gitlab-ci.yml` template
|
|
|
|
To run the `AWS/CF-Provision-and-Deploy-EC2.gitlab-ci.yml` template, you must
|
|
pass three JSON input objects, based on existing templates:
|
|
|
|
1. The AWS documentation provides templates for the _Create stack_ and _Deploy to EC2_ steps (links
|
|
below). We provide the template for the remaining step, _Push to S3_:
|
|
|
|
- [Template for the _Create stack_ step on AWS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/template-anatomy.html).
|
|
- Template for the _Push to S3_ step. Note that `source` is where a preceding `build` job built
|
|
your application, exporting the build through [`artifacts:paths`](../yaml/README.md#artifactspaths):
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
{
|
|
"applicationName": "string",
|
|
"source": "string",
|
|
"s3Location": "s3://your/bucket/project_built_file...]"
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
- [Template for the _Deploy to EC2_ step on AWS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/codedeploy/latest/APIReference/API_CreateDeployment.html).
|
|
|
|
1. After you have completed these three templates based on your requirements, you
|
|
have two ways to pass in these JSON objects:
|
|
|
|
- They can be three actual files located in your project. You must specify their path relative to
|
|
your project root in your `.gitlab-ci.yml` file, using the following CI/CD variables. For example, if
|
|
your files are in a `<project_root>/aws` folder:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
variables:
|
|
CI_AWS_CF_CREATE_STACK_FILE: 'aws/cf_create_stack.json'
|
|
CI_AWS_S3_PUSH_FILE: 'aws/s3_push.json'
|
|
CI_AWS_EC2_DEPLOYMENT_FILE: 'aws/create_deployment.json'
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
- Alternatively, you can provide these JSON objects as [file-typed CI/CD variables](../variables/README.md#cicd-variable-types).
|
|
In your project, go to **Settings > CI/CD > Variables** and add
|
|
the three variables listed above as file-typed CI/CD variables.
|
|
For each variable, set the value to its corresponding JSON object.
|
|
|
|
1. Provide the name of the stack you're creating and/or targeting, as a CI/CD variable:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
variables:
|
|
CI_AWS_CF_STACK_NAME: 'YourStackName'
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
1. Add this CI template to your `.gitlab-ci.yml`:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
include:
|
|
- template: AWS/CF-Provision-and-Deploy-EC2.gitlab-ci.yml
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
When running your project pipeline at this point:
|
|
|
|
- Your AWS CloudFormation stack is created based on the content of your
|
|
`CI_AWS_CF_CREATE_STACK_FILE` file/variable.
|
|
If your stack already exists, this step is skipped, but the `provision` job it belongs to still
|
|
runs.
|
|
- Your built application is pushed to your S3 bucket then and deployed to your EC2 instance, based
|
|
on the related JSON object's content. The deployment job finishes whenever the deployment to EC2
|
|
is done or has failed.
|
|
|
|
#### Custom build job for Auto DevOps
|
|
|
|
> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/216008) in GitLab 13.6.
|
|
|
|
To leverage [Auto DevOps](../../topics/autodevops/index.md) for your project when deploying to
|
|
AWS EC2, first you must define [your AWS credentials as CI/CD variables](#run-aws-commands-from-gitlab-cicd).
|
|
|
|
Next, define a job for the `build` stage. To do so, you must reference the
|
|
`Auto-DevOps.gitlab-ci.yml` template and include a job named `build_artifact` in your
|
|
`.gitlab-ci.yml` file. For example:
|
|
|
|
```yaml
|
|
# .gitlab-ci.yml
|
|
|
|
include:
|
|
- template: Auto-DevOps.gitlab-ci.yml
|
|
|
|
variables:
|
|
AUTO_DEVOPS_PLATFORM_TARGET: EC2
|
|
|
|
build_artifact:
|
|
stage: build
|
|
script:
|
|
- <your build script goes here>
|
|
artifacts:
|
|
paths:
|
|
- <built artifact>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
<i class="fa fa-youtube-play youtube" aria-hidden="true"></i>
|
|
For a video walkthrough of this configuration process, see [Auto Deploy to EC2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B-qSwKnacA).
|
|
|
|
### Deploy to Amazon EKS
|
|
|
|
- [How to deploy your application to a GitLab-managed Amazon EKS cluster with Auto DevOps](https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2020/05/05/deploying-application-eks/)
|
|
|
|
## Deploy to Google Cloud
|
|
|
|
- [Deploying with GitLab on Google Cloud](https://about.gitlab.com/partners/technology-partners/google-cloud-platform/)
|